Turquoise, also known as turquoise, is named because it is "shaped like a pine cone and its color is almost loose green". It is a kind of copper-aluminum phosphate containing water, and its colors are mainly sky blue, light blue, blue-green, green and light blue. It is mainly produced in the United States, Iran, Egypt, China and Australia. According to different textures, the more common varieties are silk turquoise, porcelain turquoise, face turquoise and soaked turquoise.

◆ Wire turquoise: refers to the turquoise with fine iron-black flowers on the surface.

◆ Porcelain turquoise: refers to the turquoise with sky blue, dense and tough texture, and extremely bright porcelain fracture after being broken.

◆ Face turquoise: refers to the turquoise with weak texture, with granular fracture and low hardness, which can be scratched with nails.

◆ Soaked turquoise: It refers to turquoise softer than pink, inferior, and cannot be used as jade carving material.