This is a scholar's mistake. Daqin refers to the Persian Empire, not the Roman Daqin Daqin-it refers to the Persian Empire, not the official Roman script. Since Zhang Qian entered the Western Regions, businessmen have also begun to travel to the Middle East and the Near East. Wei Lue in the 3rd century was the first to record a "Great Qin State". Its cloud says, "The No.1 plough of the Great Qin State rests in peace, supporting the west of the West Sea. Its country is in Haixi, so it is called Haixi. " The "West Sea" near Daqin is vast and fantastic, and many scholars say that Daqin is Rome. In fact, the West Sea is the Caspian Sea just west of the western countries, so the Great Qin State should be in the South Caucasus. The National History of Daqin believes that Wei Lue is a lost private history, and the author Yu Qian can accept all kinds of historical facts of Cao Wei in the Eastern Han Dynasty, so some people blame him for being "too tired to finish his work in detail". For example, it was said that the West Sea "came smoothly in February, the wind was one year late, and there was no wind for three years"; He also said: "From Angu City, the land will go straight north to Haibei, then go straight west to Haixi, and then go straight south through Wu (Dan) City ... Anyone who crosses the sea for six days will return to his country." People in later generations will naturally ask: which of these two very different statements is "boring"? In fact, we have confirmed that the "West Sea" is the Caspian Sea through the understanding of the rest east of the Caspian Sea, and this statement of "arriving in six days" coincides with Herodotus, the father of history, who said that the widest part of the Caspian Sea needs eight days. If we follow the direction of "going straight north to Haibei, going straight west to Haixi and going straight south", it is not difficult to infer that Daqin and Haixi are on the west bank of the Caspian Sea. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, written in the 5th century, only records that "Ban Chao sent Gan Ying to Daqin as a reward. When you are at the seaside, you want to kill time, but when you are resting in the west, the ship enters Britain and says,' The sea is vast, and people come and go get their time in March when the wind is fine. If there is a night breeze and there are two-year-old people, then everyone who enters the sea will be three years old. The goodness in the sea makes people yearn for land, and there are many dead people. The story of "English is the only way to stop it" It turned out that Gan Ying came to Tiaozhi and wanted to go home, so he made up some stories to cheat his boss. But the author of "official history" can only blame him for his lack of vision. In addition, the Book of the Later Han Dynasty also contains 500 to 600 words about the Great Qin State, such as: "The Great Qin State, the plowman, is on the west coast of the sea, but also on the west coast of the sea ... people are vulgar and cultured, and all kinds of trees and silkworms ... Their people have grown up, just like China, so it is called the Great Qin State ... King Andun of the Great Qin sent envoys from Japan (county). Among them, An Dun, King of the Qin Dynasty, is his new theory, and the rest are mostly abridged versions of Hanshu and Wei Lue. Some people say that "Daqin is Rome" is "Roman Emperor Antonius" (Marcus Aurelius Antonius, in office 16 1- 180). As for the anthropological problem, "People ... are all like China, so they are called Daqin", and they can't face it. In fact, there was a man named Aritan in the Yuan Dynasty, and the Mongolian words "Jin" and "Andun" can also be used as evidence that the king of Qin was a Mongolian. & gt/8yGBD Another "Daqin incident" in Daqin Nestorianism Monument happened in the late Ming Dynasty. It was in 1623 that a tablet of China, a popular Nestorianism in the Tang Dynasty, was unearthed near Chang 'an, which was erected by a priest sent by Christian nestorius to China. Nestorius School was denounced as a heresy by the Roman Church because it advocated the duality of Christ and opposed the orthodox Trinity theory. His followers fled eastward to Persia to establish a stronghold, and were introduced into China during the Tang Zhenguan period, which was translated into Nestorianism. The Nestorianism Monument of Daqin was engraved in the second year of Tang Jianzhong (78 1), which recorded the spread of Nestorianism in China. Since "Daqin Nestorianism" is "Persian Nestorianism", "Daqin is Persia" should be a reasonable conclusion. In the Tang Dynasty, Persia was called "Daqin", but in the Han Dynasty it inherited the name "Daqin State". Regarding the race of Daqin, the Book of the Later Han Dynasty said that "there is a kind of China, so it is called Daqin"; Wei slightly liked China people and Mrs Hu in Shuowen. Don't be like this from the clouds. " Both said that Daqin was of the same race and agreed with China, so they were regarded as the same kind of Qin Shihuang. Modern anthropological research shows that nearly one-third of Iranian men have Mongolian genes (as high as two-thirds in Central Asia), which is the witness that Mongols ruled Persia for more than two thousand years, at least dating back to the "Medea-Persian Dynasty" before the era. Therefore, there is no doubt that the people of Daqin are "like China". In fact, in the history of China, "pro" refers to blood relationship. The Xiqin tribe that unified China was named "Won surname", that is, it was actually called "Jin surname", that is, "An surname", that is, the Tunguska-Ai Xin tribe in northwest China. Qilu residents, Dongyi, are also Tungusic people, so the history of Emperor Gaozu contains the saying that "Fu Qi, Dong Xie, forgive Jimo, the stability of Mount Tai in the south, the limit of the turbid river in the west, the benefit of the North Bohai Sea, the land is 2000 miles, the county is 12 miles, and this matter is also Qin". Therefore, the "Great Qin State" in Wei Lue belongs to the Tungusic nationality in northwest Persia. "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Biography of the Western Regions" said that "Persia ... is connected with Tuhuoluo and Kangju in the east, adjacent to the Turkish Kossa Department in the north, and has a mouth in the southwest (Persian Gulf), which is four thousand miles northwest and is dying. The number of people is 100,000, the first king of Persia, and the big moon family is not the same "; He also said, "After the stroke, the ancient Daqin also lived in the West Sea, which was called Haixi Country. "Therefore, the royal family of the Sassanian dynasty in Persia, contemporary with the Tang Dynasty, is also a descendant of Tunguska-Yue (Homo erectus). The northwest of Iran, where "Father" or "Daqin" is located, is Medea in ancient times, Inner Azerbaijan province of Iran (East Azerbaijan, Kiran and Zhang Zan) in modern times, and Azerbaijan divided by Russia, with Tabrizi and Baku as the centers respectively. The myth that Daqin is Rome or Egypt The news that China discovered the Nestorian monument of Daqin was reported to the Vatican by western missionaries in China, which also aroused the academic interest of European academic circles in the study of the ancient place name "Daqin" in China. But perhaps because of the misleading religious enthusiasm, the truth that "Daqin is Persia" has not been publicized, and the view that "Daqin is Rome" has been popular for some time. Until 1885, Friedrich Hirth, a German scholar, published his masterpiece "Complete Works of the State of Daqin", arguing that the vast "West Sea" mentioned by Gan Ying could not be the Caspian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, but the Persian Gulf in the Indian Ocean, so Daqin should be in Syria. At the beginning of the 20th century, Japanese scholar Bai Niao Kuraji believed that the West Sea generally refers to the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, and Daqin should be Egypt to the west of the Red Sea. The name of Alexandria, Egypt, omitting the sounds of A and S, became Lekan, which should be "Plow" in the Book of Later Han Dynasty or "Li Xuan" in the Biography of Dawan. At the beginning of the era, Egypt and Syria were both Roman territories. French scholar Pelliott supported Bai Niao. Bai Niao and pelliot were the leading figures of Sinology in the 20th century. They used the argument that "Li Xuan is Alexander" to help spread the theory that "Daqin is Rome". Buriot said, "I'm sure the plow must be Alexander", based on the Chinese translation of the Buddhist sutra Naxian Bhikkhu, which contains the sentence "Wang Yan, I was born in the Great Qin State, and my name is Alishan", while Bertrand said that Baliwen said that the king was born in "Kalasi Village, Alasanda State". He thinks that "Alishan" is the transliteration of Alasanda and also the transliteration of "Alexander", so Daqin must refer to Egypt. In fact, "Orasan" or "Alasan" is a variant of the place name "Khorasan" in eastern Persia. Khorasan was very popular with Buddhism in ancient Afghanistan, but Egypt was not one of them. Li San is not only Khorasan, Daqin is undoubtedly called Persia by China people. Generally speaking, it is best to dredge the relevant words in Wei Lue, so as to discriminate Qin State. We only need to know that the West Sea is the Caspian Sea, the West Coast is Baku, and the capital of Daqin is Tabrizi. We should interpret the "flying bridge" as a peninsula and the "accumulated stone" as a rocky mountain without vegetation, then change the word "zhi" to "zhi", correct individual directions, and match the pictures of mountains and rivers to make the whole story seem immersive. Ancient China traveled across oceans, and Persia and the Near East were the first steps. The value of Da Qin Guo and Wei Lue seen by westerners lies in that they record many business experiences, and the products of Da Qin Guo are recorded in detail. From today's perspective, Daqin's "carpet" is the world-famous "Persian carpet"; Silkworm and mulberry were also produced there. Not all the silk in ancient Rome came from China, but most of it probably came from the nearby State of Qin. The sericulture in the South Caucasus is also evidence that ancient East Asian peoples migrated there. In the 65438+5th century, the Spanish envoy Claviyo passed through Tabrizi and Zan on his way to Samarkand, and arrived in Soltani Ye, 30 kilometers southeast of Zan, witnessing the richness of products and the prosperity of business. In "The Ambassador to the East of Craviju", he said: "Silk produced in Kelan Province on the south bank of the Caspian Sea is also shipped to our city first, and then to Damascus, Syria and other big cities, such as Turkey and Jaffa. As for the silk produced by Shmakhy of Shirvan, it is located in the Kula River basin outside Azerbaijan and also shipped to this city. Martha's black silk produces a lot. In addition to Iranian merchants selling, Genoa and Venice merchants also went there to purchase. Claviyo added: "Shiraz (now translated as Shiraz) and all kinds of fabrics, silks, silks and satins, flags and other commodities produced in its vicinity are transported to Yecheng, Soltani for promotion. Cloth produced by Serbs in Ye Sen and Khorasan is also sold in the market. ..... The commodities shipped from Hormuz to Soltanieh are pearls and precious stones. Jewelers also buy mussels and pearls from the sea. The shell of the giant clam is very big, and the cut pearls are pure white. They were sent to Soltani and Tabrizi, where craftsmen made them into rings, earrings and other decorations. He also said: "From Soltanieh to the Caspian Sea (that is, the coast of Keran Province), all six timetables are counted. Gems are also produced near the Caspian Sea. "Comparing these statements of the ancient law with the records in Wei Lue, we can find that what the merchants in the Han Dynasty said is true. Daqin kingdom is the basis of Mongolian western history records. Azerbaijan is the place where the Great Qin State was located at home and abroad in ancient times, and that is the ancient media. The Middle Ages played a very important role in world history. In the eighth and seventh centuries BC, Medea launched an uprising, which led to the decline of Assyrian dynasty. Later, the Medea dynasty conquered Persia, Afghanistan, Syria and western Asia Minor, and became a powerful country in the Near East against the Greek city-states. It is not surprising that in the history of China, Daqin was a Mongolian, while the modern Azerbaijanis spoke Turkic and had ancestors of Mongolian. But ancient Melia was the predecessor of the Persian Empire, and it is hard to imagine that the royal family of "Medea-Persia" also has oriental ancestry. Western historians believe that Medea is the same kind of Xi 'an people on the grassland of South Russia, and they are all nomadic people of "Aryan" race. The Encyclopedia Britannica helps to spread this speculative view. In fact, during the two thousand years around A.D., the grasslands and Urals in southern Russia were Mongolian territories, which Russian scholars called the "pre-Slavic period". At that time, nomads continued to enter the Near East through the Talban passage at the eastern end of the Caucasus Mountains, and in the southwest of the Caspian Sea, that is, inside and outside Azerbaijan today, or in ancient Medea, Mongolian settlements were formed. In western historical records, Medea can also be found to have clues about Mongolian ancestors. Regarding the Medea Dynasty, Herodotus said that it was formed by a chief named Deioces who unified six tribes (Sai Bu, Palai-Ak-Eni, Strucat, Ali Santi, Budi and Maggie). Ctesias, another Greek historian, said that a Medea king named Arbaces founded the Medea dynasty. Let's not say whether Deioces is a straight girl, but it is very convincing to say that Al Packer is the name of "Lu Ye Baoji", a famous person in Qidan. Herodotus, a Greek historian in the 54th century BC, recorded: "Madyas, the king of the Scythians, led an army to pursue the Simerians who were expelled from Europa, invaded Asia and came to the territory of Medea. It takes 30 days from the Azov Sea to the Fashe River and the place where the Colchi people live. Not far from the Colchi people, you can enter Medea, because there is only one Saspiri place in the middle. " Cimmerian, Colchi, Saspire and Scythian are the names of the oriental nationalities recorded in the history of China, such as Qiemo, Gaoche, Xianbei and Shen Xi. In fact, some modern country names in the Caucasus are derived from the ethnic names of ancient northern nationalities in China, such as Chechnya and Abaga. Therefore, as a member tribe of the Mongolian nation, Maide should be called Jack or Buji in Tungusic language, and the place name of Medea should be Jack Ya or Buji Ya. "Wei Lue" about the North and South Caucasus "Its laity is upright since childhood, like China and Khufu. Since Yunben China's insight into "farewell" is based on these facts. The Persian Empire is a continuation of the Medea Dynasty. Cyrus the great, the founding monarch, is the grandson of King astyages of Medea and Princess Arianes of Lydia. A solar eclipse on May 28th, 585 BC witnessed their marriage. At that time, both Medea and Lydia were frightened in the fierce battle, thus ending the long-term war of mutual loss on the spot. King Lydia married his daughter to the then Prince astyages of Medea, and they gave birth to a daughter named Mandan. When her daughter grew up, astyages thought she was an unfortunate woman and married her to an ordinary Persian child, Cambyse. Ju Lushi was the son of Cambyse and Mandan. When Ju Lushi was born, suspicious astyages thought he would bring bad luck, so he ordered Hepgus, the retainer, to kill the baby. But Ha Pages entrusted the baby to a shepherd in the mountains, and the shepherd's wife, Kuno, raised him. Ju Lushi showed leadership at an early age; When astyages was dealing with a child dispute, she noticed her domineering attitude from Ju Lushi, the "king of children". So he called Hepgus and the shepherd, and they admitted the truth. Astyages returned his grandson to his parents; But he lured and killed Hepgus' son and tricked him into eating his parents' flesh and blood. A few years later, the resentful Hepgus helped Ju Lushi overthrow his grandfather. He and another Medea, Mazarez, were the first heroes to help Ju Lushi conquer the Greek city-states along the Aegean Sea. Ju Lushi, who returned to his parents, will never forget the kindness of his son. Herodotus said, "In order to convince Persians that Ju Lushi was saved by Providence, his parents spread a story that he was abandoned and raised by a female wolf." Herodotus mentioned more than once the catharsis means used by sicilian to murder children and induce their relatives to eat; The Medes also had this evil custom. It is also a common legend that the mother wolf nursed her children and eventually became a great person in northern China. Cyno is the Mongolian word for "wolf" and "chino". These customs, legends and language information are all evidence that Medea has an oriental background. We can't verify Ju Lushi's birthplace, but his nephew and heir Darius was born in Zhang Zan, 200 kilometers southeast of Tabrizi. Ju Lushi's own blood relationship is very complicated, but he grew up in the power environment of Medea, and most of his cronies are Medea. He ruled Persia for nearly 30 years and finally died in a fierce battle with the massage tower. Before the war, the messenger of the queen of massage table called him "King Medea". Several Medes recorded by Herodotus all share the common name of the peoples of the Far East. For example, English translation should be translated into Astyage(s) Azig (Manchu "Xiao") Hrpagu(s) Abaga (Manchu "Tian") Cyno chinu (Mongolian "Wolf") Mazare(s) Majia, Macha and Mazar, except that "chinu" is an authentic Mongolian word; "Azig", "Abaga" and "Macha" are common male appellations of Manchu and Mongolian from Tungusic language. These names also indicate that Medes are Tungusic names "Buji" or "Jiejie". Conclusion The Persian Empire, like the Chinese Empire, has been invaded and ruled by the northern nationalities in China for a long time, which can be traced back to Medea at the earliest. The "Great Qin State" recorded in Wei Lue refers to the Azerbaijani region inside and outside Iran and is the birthplace of the ancient "Medea-Persian Dynasty". Qin, which unified China, is a tribe of Tungusic people. China called the South Caucasus "the Great Qin State" in history, which may be related to the fact that Medea is a Tungusic nation. .