There are many changes in Wu Dong's printing method, and the records of merit and meditation also echo.
Yin Shan Road has been heavy for a long time, and many vicissitudes have worn away.
Brick out, residual length 28.5 cm, width 16 cm, thickness 4.7 cm. It is engraved with "Tian Xi Shen Bing Nian Zhang Xiuzuo". Tianxi is the seventh era of Sun Hao, the last emperor of Soochow, that is, in 276 AD, which was the second year of Xianning in the Western Jin Dynasty. In June, this title was changed to Yuantianji. The inscription is a seal script, with exquisite handwriting, close to the "Zen Mountain Monument" established in that year, but it seems a bit too rigorous, with ancient beauty and exquisite beauty.
Coincidentally, in recent years, Bricks of the First Year of Ce Tian's Book and Bricks of Doctor Dazhong unearthed in Wucheng and Huiji are similar in shape to Tianfa Oracle Bone Inscriptions Monument (both in the first year of Tianxi). It can be proved that this calligraphy style was popular among the people at that time, not necessarily official.
In the Xu Yuan Garden of Nanjing Presidential Palace, there is a "Monument to Heaven", also known as "Monument to Heaven's Happiness and Public Welfare". Because it is broken into three sections, it is also called "three-section monument". The original monument of "Tianfa God Prophecy Monument" has been destroyed. The existing monument was copied by Duan Fang, governor of the two rivers in the Qing Dynasty, and embedded in the dragon wall. Unfortunately, there are only two sections, and the other section has not been found yet.
At the end of Wu Dong, the emperor borrowed stone tablets to save the crisis.
Speaking of the origin of "Tianbei", it is quite "magical". In the first year of Wu Dong Tianshu (276), someone dug up the ground and got a piece of silver one foot long and three minutes wide, engraved with the year and month; Soon, another man got a stone letter in Linpinghu, Wu Jun County, with a small bluish-white stone in the middle, four inches long and two inches wide, engraved with the words "Wu Zhu Zuo Di". So Sun Hao, the founder of Soochow, changed the title to "Tianxi" and set up a monument to record the merits and demerits of four generations of Wu masters. This is "the sky is far from the north". Jiankangzhi, which records the historical materials of the Six Dynasties, said: "The county is 30 miles south, with Niutoushan and Yunyan in Danyang in the west, and the big scorpion stone in the east road, which is 20 feet long and broken into three sections. The monument of this achievement is also ... more than 200 words can be distinguished, and more than 50 words can be lost. "
At the end of the Three Kingdoms, the Shu State established by Liu Bei had already perished. Si Mazhao's son, Sima Yan, abolished Wang Wei, became Emperor Wu of Jin and began to expand his territory and consolidate his political power. Wu Dong lives south of the Yangtze River and is in danger. However, Sun Hao, the last emperor of Wu Dong, trusted treacherous court officials and lived in luxury. Instead of enriching the people and strengthening the country politically and militarily, he came up with some means such as witchcraft and divination to support this small court. The inscription on the "Destiny Monument" is absurd, including "the words of the Emperor of Heaven", "the theory of destiny" and "Return to Dawu forever". The inscription is "July of the first year of Wu Tianxi". The inscription tells the people under the guise of "the words of the Emperor of Heaven": Wu's succession to the throne and Wu's unification of the world are providence, so as to stabilize the people's hearts and strengthen the rule. Ironically, Sun Hao, who decided the title of The Book of Ce Tian, changed the title to The First Year of Tianxi in 16 for eight years, but all this did not change the fate of Wu Dong's demise. In 280 AD, it was destroyed by gold.
When Sun Bin was in power, Soochow was already at home and abroad, and the national treasury was empty. But Sun Hao abused the people's power to build a new palace. In the second year of Baoding (267), Sun Hao, who succeeded to the throne shortly, built a huge Zhaoming Palace-Taichu Palace in Dongxing and expanded Miyagi. He decreed that "anyone under 2,000 stones will go into the mountains to cut trees and take photos, and even destroy the camps, open up gardens and build mountain view buildings, and spend hundreds of millions of yuan on martial arts." Now the west of the West Park of the Presidential Palace is included in the scope of Soochow Miyagi.
The monument was broken into three sections and eventually destroyed in many places.
The "Tianfa Oracle Monument" was originally built in Tianxi Temple in the south of Nanjing. The stone carving is round and divided into three sections in the Six Dynasties, Jin and Song Dynasties. In the sixth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (109 1), Yuan You moved to Chusi Pavilion, and in the Ming Dynasty, he moved to Zunjing Pavilion in Fu Xue, Jiangning, where it was well preserved until a fire broke out in Nanjing Confucius Temple in the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805).
Although the inscription "Heaven sends God to the North" is absurd and difficult to read, its calligraphy is unique, and its brushwork and style can be described as unprecedented and unprecedented. According to legend, this inscription was compiled by Hua He and written by Huang Xiang (the other is Su Jian). Huang Xiang was a famous calligrapher in the Three Kingdoms period in China and the earliest calligrapher in Jiangsu, especially good at seal script, official script, Cao Zhang and other fonts. Calligraphy was called one of the "Eight Musts" at that time. Most of Huang Xiang's surviving works are Lishu and Cao Zhang, but the inscription "Tianfa Shenbei" is called "Blowing the Story of the Building", which is a rare writing in the history of China calligraphy during the transition from seal script to Lishu, and has rarely survived. His brushwork is mostly square, and his brushwork is mostly sharp. He turned to Fiona Fang, and his image is strange and majestic, which is of great value to the study of the development and evolution history of China's calligraphy. Famous scholars Weng Fanggang, Zhang and others all spoke highly of this monument.
The governor copied the monument gracefully.
There are few rubbings in Tianfa Oracle Bone Inscriptions Monument, and the earliest rubbings in Song Dynasty are now in the Palace Museum. In addition, there are Luo Zhenyu Old Collection, Guichi Liu Juqing Tibetan Ming rubbings and Qing Yongzheng Qianlong rubbings. Although the "Temple of Heaven" in the Xu Garden of the Presidential Palace was re-carved by the Governor of Liangjiang in Qing Dynasty according to Song Tuoben, it is a rare and precious cultural relic.
Duanfang was born in the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), and was from Zhengbai Banner, Manchuria. From Yin Sheng to Yuan Wailang and Langzhong, he was appointed as Bachang Road in Zhili in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898). Later, she was appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi. She served as a judge in Shaanxi, a political envoy in Shanxi and a doctor in Shanxi. In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), he served as the governor of Jiangsu, acting as the governor of the two rivers, and advocated the reform of the style of study and school spirit. Nanjing was divided into four districts, namely, southeast, northwest and school-setting, with 10 school and 40 schools in each district. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (1905), he went to Japan, Britain, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Egypt and other countries. After returning home, he wrote a book "Politics in Europe and America" and advocated constitutional monarchy. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), Duanfang was appointed Governor and Minister of Trade of the Two Rivers in Nanyang, and set up schools, police affairs, warships, army training, regulations on river patrol, river opening, road expansion, construction of a railway running through Nanjing, establishment of the first overseas Chinese school in China, and preparation of Jiangnan Library and Liangjiang School of Politics and Law. It should be said that Duan Fang made some achievements in cultural and economic construction at that time.
According to the draft of Qing history, Duan Fang is very fond of epigraphy and calligraphy. At home, he "lists hanging pieces, sand and stones side by side, and fake fish eyes are full of eyes", but he is quite suspected of "Ye Gong loves dragons". Someone cleverly embedded his name in a couplet, describing the ending side very aptly: "selling bad, selling short and selling profit, if the ending person is not;" There are so many prescriptions for buying books, paintings and antiques. "Duan Fang although don't understand the goods, also know trade, but he holds an important position, prominent position. His subordinates and rich children in the south of the Yangtze River will naturally offer antiques, jewels, calligraphy and paintings, stones and other things that suit their hearts. Duan Fang also comes to the net, and opened an antique shop next to the Governor's Office, with the price clearly marked by the seller.
It is said that the back of the "Tianfa Oracle Monument" is also engraved with the inscription on the side.
It's a pity that the third paragraph is missing.
Why did Duanfang copy the sacred tablet? There is no way to check it now. The seat of the Governor's Office of Liangjiang is the seat of Miyagi, Wu Dong. Maybe Duanfang is in his hometown, so he borrowed something to express his feelings. When Duan Fang was appointed Governor of Liangjiang, it was at the end of the Qing Dynasty, when the revolutionary tide was surging, and the corrupt and incompetent Manchu government was teetering, which was quite similar to the crisis faced by Sun Hao in that year and the ending was equally tragic.
The well-preserved "Tianfa Monument" copied by the end side is related to the dragon wall embedded in the downstairs of Jia Qian, Xu Yuan, the presidential palace. During the Cultural Revolution, stone tablets were preserved only after they were covered with lime. The two stone tablets have deep background color, clear handwriting, delicate handwriting and excellent knife skills.
There are several opinions about the segmentation of the "Three Monuments". Notes on the Record of Rare Manuscripts: The upper section of the tablet is 2 1 line, each line is 5 words, the imperial edict is 6 words, the martial arts is 7 words, the middle section is 17 lines, and the lower section is 10 lines, each line is 3, 2 and 1 words. There is another saying: the first paragraph has 20 lines, the second paragraph has 15 lines, and the last paragraph has 29 lines, and the words 2 13 are stored in * * *. After the last stone tablet, there is an inscription by Master Hu, an inscription by Song Chongning in the first year (1 102) and an inscription by Geng in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty.
However, the size of two stone tablets in Xu Yuan, the presidential palace, are 180cm and 80cm respectively. One stone tablet has a line of18 and the other has a line of 16, but the two lines are not clear. Most of the inscriptions are on these two tablets, but the other one is still missing. Is it hidden in the dragon wall or somewhere else? This is really a mystery.