2. Don't simply repeat the information already in the title. For example, if the title of an article is "Study on Rhizome Formation in Vitro Culture of Several Orchids from China", then don't write at the beginning of the abstract: "For.
3. Rigorous structure, concise expression and exact semantics. What to write first, then what to write, should be arranged in logical order. Sentences should be coherent and echo each other. Use long sentences with caution and keep them as simple as possible. Every sentence should be clear, and there should be no vague, general or vague words, but the abstract is a complete essay after all, and telegraph writing is not enough. The abstract is not segmented.
4. Use the third person. It is suggested that the description methods such as "research …", "report …" and "investigation …" should be used to indicate the nature and theme of the literature at one time, instead of "this article" and "author" as subjects.
5, to use standard terminology, not open symbols and terms. If there are new terms or no suitable Chinese terms, you can indicate the original text in brackets or after translation.
6. In addition to being really inflexible, mathematical formulas and chemical structural formulas are generally not used, and there are no illustrations and tables.
7. There is no need to quote unless the document confirms or denies the published works of others.
8. Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes must be explained when they first appear, except those that can be clearly understood by readers of adjacent majors. Other matters that should be paid attention to when writing scientific papers, such as adopting legal units of measurement, using language and punctuation correctly, are also applicable to the preparation of abstracts. The main problems in the compilation are: incomplete elements, or lack of purpose, or lack of methods; Citation is not independent and self-evident; Improper simplification.
9. The structure of the paper should be clear, focusing on your own thoughts and contents. Don't confuse other people's works with your own, but you must have your own things in it.
10. Write the thesis in strict accordance with the master's thesis writing standards. The overall style and arrangement of the paper should be neat and refreshing.
Papers are often used in scientific research and articles describing scientific research achievements. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange.
Paper format cover papers often refer to articles used to conduct scientific research and describe scientific research results. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers, etc. , collectively referred to as the paper [1]. The paper format refers to the stylistic requirements and writing standards when writing a paper. Intuitively speaking, the paper format means that the paper meets the standard style and content requirements that can be made public.
structure
A paper generally consists of title, author, abstract, keywords, text, references and appendices, some of which (such as appendices) are dispensable. The order of the thesis is: title, author, abstract, keywords, English title, English abstract, English keywords, text, references, appendix and acknowledgements [2].
subject
1. Title Description
The title should be concise, specific and accurate, which can summarize the specific content of the paper, help to select keywords, and conform to the relevant principles of compiling title catalogue, indexing and retrieval.
2. Propositional method
Concise and to the point.
3. English title method
(1) English titles mainly appear in the form of phrases, especially noun phrases, that is, titles basically consist of one or several nouns plus their prepositions and/or postattributes; The title of phrase type should determine the head word and then modify it before and after. The order of each word is very important, and improper word order will lead to inaccurate expression.
(2) Generally don't use declarative sentences, because the title mainly plays a marking role, and declarative sentences are easy to make the title judgmental, not refined and not eye-catching. In a few cases (critical, comprehensive and refuting), the question can be used as the title, because the question has an exploratory tone and is easy to arouse the reader's interest.
The English title and Chinese title of the same paper should be consistent in content, but it does not mean that the words should correspond to each other. In many cases, individual non-material words can be omitted or changed.
④ Foreign sci-tech journals generally have restrictions on the number of words in titles, and some stipulate that titles should not exceed 2 lines, and each line should not exceed 42 printed symbols and spaces; Some require that the title should not exceed 14 words. These regulations can be used for our reference.
⑤ In the English title of the paper. Anything that can or can't be used is not used.
abstract
Abstract is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short, concise and complete. The number of words can be as few as dozens and not more than 300 words [3].
Description of abstract
It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments, and requires a brief description of the purpose, research methods and final conclusion of the research work, with the focus on the conclusion. It is an independent and complete essay, which can be quoted and popularized.
key word
Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".
Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).