1. Manual washing method:

Spread a soft cloth or towel on the convenient countertop, take a small plastic bowl, put more than half of the water at the same temperature, and add a drop of detergent. After the cleaning solution is prepared, a small brush made of natural fiber (or cotton, small brush, old toothbrush, watercolor pen, etc.) is used. ) and some sharpened sticks or toothpicks to clean gems or gem materials-brushes made of plastic or nylon are not allowed! Attention should be paid to when cleaning:

(1) Soft cloth and soft towel are indispensable on the working face. In order to prevent the gem material from slipping and bouncing off, never use a grooved washing tank.

(2) Detergents containing ammonia, acid, alcohol or other chemical components should not be abused, and should be used as appropriate according to the types of gemstone materials to avoid discoloration of gemstones.

(3) When the stains on gem materials need to be scraped off, they should be scraped off gently with a small stick, and metal materials such as sharp nails are not allowed.

(4) It is best to use water at about 30 degrees Celsius. Hot water can soften viscose and protect gems from thermal shock.

(5) Equipped with a magnifying glass to observe the cleaning effect at any time.

(5) Clean gemstone materials should be dried in a cool place, and cannot be directly exposed to the sun to avoid being damaged by sunlight or ultraviolet rays.

(6) Soaking is not good for some gem materials, because these gem materials will absorb water and cause color changes, and organic gem materials will also cause changes in their internal material structure.

(7) Before pouring out the cleaning solution, pay attention to counting the quantity of gem materials. Note that the broken diamonds around the diamonds may be washed away.

(8) After cleaning, wipe it with a soft dry cloth to make the jewelry glow again.

2. Mechanical washing: Even experts are extremely cautious when using this method, because this method is not only harmful to waves, but also harmful to heat. There are three specific methods, as follows:

(1) ultrasonic cleaning:

The ultrasonic scrubber concentrates the waves on the solid surface (that is, the surface of gem material) in the cleaning solution, forming a tiny vacuum, and the vacuum explosion can remove dirt. The ultrasonic scrubber has a good cleaning effect on K-gold, plain gold and some precious stones, especially on the oil and dust that can't be brushed off by the brush in the fine cracks of precious stones.

However, the vibration of waves and the rising temperature of the washing pool are unfavorable to some gem materials, which makes natural inclusions and cracks in the gem expand and explode, and even destroys the structure of the gem. Therefore, the ultrasonic cleaning machine is not suitable for all gems, such as emeralds and pearls, and it is absolutely necessary to avoid it.

In addition, although the ultrasonic cleaning machine has a good cleaning effect, it should not be used often because it is easy to use. If it is used,

Too often, it is easy to make the drill bit loose or even fall off because it can't stand multiple impacts.

(2) Steam washing:

It is very effective in cleaning metal gem materials, but it will cause serious problems for delicate or glued gems.

(3) boiling and washing:

The temperature change caused by this method is very dangerous. If you must wash it in this way, it is best to preheat the gem material before putting it in boiling water, and then slowly cool it to dry after washing.

3. Precautions for cleaning jewelry

(1) Be careful when cleaning jewelry with this solution. Most jewelry cleaners contain ammonia water, which can not only clean gems, but also make metals brighter. Amonia is safe for most precious stones, except pearls and stones with pores (such as turquoise).

(2) Never use bleach. Chlorine in bleaching water will pit the alloy, decompose the alloy and even corrode the weld.

(3) Do not use washing powder, detergent and toothpaste containing abrasives. Because toothpaste contains fine abrasive particles with high hardness, these particles are very fine but the hardness is as high as six or seven degrees (almost the same as crystal), so washing jewelry with toothpaste will damage the surface of gems with lower hardness than crystal, especially the surface of pearls, gold and K gold. The most correct cleaning solution should be diluted neutral surfactant (such as salad dressing and baby shampoo).

(4) Do not boil in detergent or sulfuric acid.

(5) Don't rinse with boiling water. The physical properties of diamonds are relatively stable and can be washed with boiling water. However, some other precious stones (such as amethyst) are very fragile and easily affected by drastic temperature changes, so boiling water should be avoided as much as possible.