People can't help asking: How can such a troubled river become the "cradle" of the Chinese nation?
Interestingly, thousands to tens of thousands of years ago, the natural conditions of the Loess Plateau and even the Yellow River Basin were very good, comparable to today's Jianghuai Basin. At that time, the Yellow River basin had a warm climate, dense forests and fertile land, especially in the lower reaches. Therefore, our ancestors chose to live and multiply here.
But then the Yellow River changed and began to become fierce and violent, causing people on both sides of the strait to complain. The Yellow River has become a worry for the Chinese nation.
The Yellow River has the largest sediment concentration in the world, and its sediment concentration is 68 times that of the Yangtze River. Every year, the total weight of sediment brought to the downstream from the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River is 65.438+0.6 billion tons, of which 65.438+0.2 billion tons move to the sea and 400 million tons are deposited in the downstream. The problem lies in this 400 million tons of sediment. It makes the bed of the Yellow River rise year by year. As a result, some river sections are 3-4 meters higher than the farmland on both sides of the river, and some are even higher than 10 meter, making the Yellow River a suspended river. Every flood season, dams in these areas of the Yellow River are easy to burst, causing terrible floods.
According to the research of scientists, the Yellow River has changed for two reasons. 1. Since the Qin Dynasty, the temperature in the Loess Plateau has turned cold and the rainstorm has been concentrated. Coupled with the loose structure of loess itself, it is easy to be eroded and collapsed, which contributes to soil erosion and makes a lot of sediment enter the Yellow River. Second, the rapid population growth, unrestricted land reclamation and grazing, caused the destruction of forests, grasslands, green vegetation, and the loss of natural protective layer on the Loess Plateau, resulting in serious soil erosion. Every year, 4,000 tons of precious soil is eroded every square kilometer in the Yellow River Basin, which is equivalent to destroying 5.5 million mu of cultivated land a year! More seriously, soil erosion significantly reduces soil fertility, resulting in a large area of crop production reduction. The more production is reduced, the more wasteland people need to reclaim, and the more land reclaimed, the more serious soil erosion. In this way, the more difficult it is to cultivate, the more difficult it is to cultivate, and the more sediment there is in the Yellow River. Therefore, the Yellow River breaches its course more and more frequently.
The key to harnessing the Yellow River is to control sediment and prevent it from flowing into the Yellow River at will. After the founding of New China, scientists designed a scheme to control the Yellow River. They believe that the Loess Plateau should adhere to the management direction of animal husbandry and forestry. We must protect forest resources and restore lost vegetation as soon as possible. Let everyone know that deforestation is complete suicide; It is necessary to rationally plan and utilize land and build a large number of water conservancy projects at the same time. This multi-pronged approach will certainly prevent soil erosion and make the dream of the Yellow River better realized.