Yuanmingyuan Yuanmingyuan is located in the western suburbs of Beijing and the east of Haidian District. Originally a large-scale royal garden in the Qing Dynasty, it covers an area of about 5,200 mu and has an inverted zigzag layout. Yuanmingyuan consists of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden, with a total area of 350 hectares.
Its land building area is as big as the Forbidden City, and its water area is equivalent to a Summer Palace. Yuanmingyuan combines the characteristics of several famous gardens in the south of the Yangtze River at that time, melts the essence of ancient gardening art in China, and melts poetry and painting into ever-changing scenes with the artistic technique of garden in the garden.
The southern part of Yuanmingyuan is the imperial court area, where the emperor handles official business. There are 40 scenic spots in other areas, of which more than 50 scenic spots directly imitate famous gardens in other places, such as the Ten Scenes of West Lake in Hangzhou, not only imitating architecture, but also copying names. More interestingly, Yuanmingyuan also has a western-style garden scenic spot. The most famous "watching water method" is a western-style fountain, a flower maze and a western-style building, all of which have the style of Italian Renaissance. There is also a model of Venice in the lake, and the emperor can enjoy the "water city scenery" thousands of miles away from the mountain on the shore.
Yuanmingyuan is a treasure house, which contains rare cultural relics such as celebrity calligraphy and painting, secret room classics, Zhong Ding treasures, gold and silver jewelry and so on, and concentrates the essence of ancient culture. Yuanmingyuan is also a garden of exotic flowers and plants, with millions of rare flowers and trees. Westerners who have witnessed the Yuanmingyuan completely call it the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens".
Indeed, if today is the same as 140 years ago, this super giant garden is well-deserved "the king of world gardens". Regrettably, in 1860 and 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance looted Yuanmingyuan twice, and the buildings in the park were burned and the cultural relics were looted, making the miraculous and mythical Yuanmingyuan a ruin.
After the destruction of Yuanmingyuan, it is still a royal forbidden garden. During the Tongzhi period, he was ordered by Empress Dowager Cixi to try to rebuild it. At that time, it was planned to restore more than 20 temples, mainly in Qian Chao District, Houhu District, West District and North District of Yuanmingyuan, as well as Gongmen District of Wanchun Garden and Xiaqing Hall at the entrance of Fuchun Hall. However, less than 10 months after the project started, it was forced to stop work for maintenance due to the exhaustion of funds. Since then, Empress Dowager Cixi has repaired the Summer Palace, but she has not completely abandoned the restoration of Yuanmingyuan. Until the 22nd to 24th year of Guangxu, she also renovated Shuanghezhai and Jinnongxuan in Yuanmingyuan. 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu), Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing, burned and looted, and Empress Dowager Cixi fled to xi 'an, holding Emperor Guangxu, and the two capitals were in chaos. Eight Banners soldiers, bandits and local ruffians immediately took advantage of the fire to rob and demolish nearly 100 buildings that have been basically repaired one after another, completely destroying the buildings and ancient and famous trees in Yuanmingyuan.
Later, the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan were plundered by bureaucrats, warlords and profiteers for a long time, and even destroyed by government authorities in a planned way. The dignitaries of Beiyang government, including some people responsible for the protection of Yuanmingyuan site, relied on their power to transport a large number of stone carvings and Taihu stones from the park to repair their gardens. Such as Wang Huaiqing, Commander-in-Chief of Xu Wei, Gyeonggi; Cao Kun, Visiting Ambassador (who was later bribed as President of the Republic of China); Nie Xianfan, Commander of Bujun; Che Qingyun, Commander of Gendarmerie; and Wang Lanheng, Secretary-General of the Government, all have such misdeeds. Only Jing (equivalent to the later mayor of Beiping) Liu Menggeng forcibly removed Taihu Stone from Changchun Garden within 25 days of 1922. At that time, the 13th Division of the Army, the 16th Division of the National Army, the 11th Division, the 53rd Army of the Northeast Army and the 29th Army of the Song Dynasty were stationed in Xiyuan area successively. They have forcibly demolished the walls of Yuanmingyuan, sold bricks and stones privately, or used them to build a playground in Xiyuan. The Summer Palace, Zhongshan Park, yenching university, Beiping Library and other places also carried away a large number of stone chips. In the early 1930s, when the high beam bridge was rebuilt on the ballasted road from Haidian to Yuquan Mountain, with the approval of the Beiping Special Government, all the tiger-skin stone fences in the south (4,800 meters) and east of Yuanmingyuan were demolished and smashed into ballasts to pave the way. Before and after this, it also sold the bricks, tiger skin stones, mica sheets and even the marble columns left in the west building in public at different prices, eventually making Yuanmingyuan a ruin.
Dashuifa site
In its heyday, it covers an area of more than 5,200 mu, with a perimeter of 10 km. Unfortunately, however, this famous garden was looted and burned by the British and French allied forces in June 1860, leaving a painful page in the history of China.
After the founding of New China, Yuanmingyuan Site was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit. After years of transformation, the site office has begun to take shape, most of the mountain-shaped water system has been restored, and the scenery of Jiangnan, which is dependent on mountains and rivers and blurred by smoke and water, has been reproduced. There are thousands of trees in the park. A few rebuilt garden buildings have regained their former glory, and some important sites have been protected and repaired, forming a grand site community represented by Xiyanglou.
Stone boat site-located in a cave with a unique cave.
There were more than 100 stylized garden bridges of stone, brick and wood structure in the original garden, and now only the single-hole stone arch bridge shown in the above picture is left.
Jianbi pavilion
Dashuifa site
Xiyanglou Scenic Area Model
Located in the northern boundary of Changchun Garden, the Western Building is the first European-style garden in China. It is composed of more than ten European-style buildings and courtyards, including Hehe, Huanghua Array, Bird Cage, Fang Mao, Haiyan Hall, Garden Cinema, Dashuifa, Line Fa Mountain and Line Fa Painting, covering an area of about 8 hectares. The European-style gardens here were designed, supervised and repaired by western missionary Lang Shining (1688- 1766) and Frenchman Michel benoit (17 15- 1774), and were built by craftsmen in China. 1747 (the 12th year of Qianlong) started planning, 175 1 year (the 16th year of Qianlong) completed the first western water law (fountain) project in autumn, 1756- 1759 (the 21st to 24th year of Qianlong) In the heyday of the West Building, the Qing Palace made a set of bronze drawings and drew 20 perspective views for the facade of the building. 1786 (fifty-one years of Qianlong), painted by court Manchu painter Yilantai, carved by craftsmen of the manufacturing institute. When 1860 was burned and plundered by the British and French allied forces, most of these western-style temples and pavilions were preserved because they were mainly stone forests. After a hundred years of wind and rain, it still stands, warning the world not to forget the history of blood and tears. During the period of 1977- 1992, the site of Xiyanglou was cleaned up, the temple foundation site was cleaned up, the fountain pool was renovated, the hanging stone pieces were returned, and the Huanghua maze was restored.
Tang Haiyan website
Yuanmingyuan was built in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, and Haiyan Hall was built in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760). There is a bronze statue (stone body) of the Chinese zodiac on the fountain in front of the building. Every hour (2 hours), water is sprayed from the mouth of the bronze statue representing this hour. At noon, spring water gushed from the mouths of twelve bronze statues at the same time. These bronze statues were designed by westerners and made in China, which blended the eastern and western cultures. 48660.88868888686
On April 30th and May 2nd, 2000, Beijing Poly Group repurchased the bull's head, the monkey's head and the tiger's head in Hong Kong for nearly HK$ 40 million.
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