Introduction: In the third year of neutralization, the Qi State established by Huang Chao has begun to crumble. Hedong army approached the south, Tongzhou Zhu Wen defected, Liangtianpo lost the decisive battle, and Huazhou City fell. Bad news followed, taking turns to * * * the fragile nerves of Qi Emperor Huang Chao. Facing the grain reserves in Chang 'an, Huang Chao realized at this moment that it was time to leave. ▲ When the Huang Chao army retreated, it set fire to the majestic Daming Palace. In April, the Daming Palace in Chang 'an was ablaze, and a large number of Qi troops began to evacuate Chang 'an quickly. At that time, merchants in the southeast of Wuguan were crowded with marching soldiers. ▲ As soon as the road map for Huang Chao's army to leave Chang 'an was finalized, it was doomed to national subjugation. As the emperor of Qi, Huang Chao must be very depressed at the moment. Not long after, however, when he left the ancient road to start a business, Huang Chao suddenly found that the present situation was not as bad as he had imagined before, but there was a feeling that the future was bright. When reading this period of history, later generations are often surprised to find that although Huang Chao was defeated and withdrew from Chang 'an, the situation he faced next was quite wonderful. The retreating Huang Chao army is not in danger of being pursued, but more like an exiled wolf, and will soon show its sharp teeth again. Tang Jun released water: The main force of Tang Jun, which made Huang Chao army finally retreat and recover Chang 'an, was Yanmen Li Keyong Department. However, this Li Keyong had a criminal record of rebelling against the imperial court before. He was courted by the imperial court in times of crisis and was pardoned for his meritorious service. At this moment, in the face of winning back Chang 'an, Li Keyong is not practical. ▲ It is useless to get up early. Li Keyong finally agreed to go south for a purpose. Now, the capital has been recovered, but the court promised to send troops to raise rewards, which has not yet been implemented. It led the Shatuo, Tatar and other tribes to devote themselves to this place in exchange for this coveted place in Hedong. Now Huang Chao has been driven away, but it has not achieved tangible benefits. ▲ Li Keyong coveted the land of Hedong for a long time, and the court gave him a lot of pain. He has misgivings in his heart. Li Keyong naturally can't continue to work hard. He is waiting and watching to see if the court keeps its promise. Facing the wandering of the Shatuo army, other punctual troops who follow suit and strive for success dare not pursue the Huang Chao army without authorization. Without the south assistance of Shatuo Army, their strength could only maintain the confrontation with Huang Chao Army. If we really let them leave the team to pursue the enemy, it is very likely that everyone will become cannon fodder. Facing the chaos in Chang 'an, and the gold, silver and jewels abandoned by Huang Chao's army everywhere, Tang Jun prefers to be happy in front of him, and get a little benefit if he gets a little chance. Anyway, Huang Chao has been driven away by everyone, and the task of recovering the capital has been temporarily completed. Looting by loyalists is tantamount to being thieves, and there are few people in Chang 'an. The nest entered Shangshan from Lantian, leaving many treasures on the road. When the loyalist seized it, the thief ran away unhurriedly. -"Zi Zhi Tong Jian" ▲ Tang Jun released water from the Shang Yang Ancient Road, which was more than 600 miles long. Eventually, Huang Chao's army left Chang 'an with a fairly calm attitude, and its troops were relatively well preserved and entered the Shang Yang Ancient Road. At that time, the bosses of the buffer towns near the Shang-Yang ancient road were all nervous, and the haze of war suddenly hung over everyone's head. Where will Huang Chao face? Everyone is waiting to see. Second, the final choice of Huang Chao's army: Huang Chao does not go to Shannan or Huainan, but returns to his hometown in Henan and leaves Chang 'an. In fact, there are three choices. One is to attack Xiangzhou (Jiangling) from Dengzhou South, and then go to Shannan East Road for development, opening up a new world in the southwest; ▲ One of Huang Chao's choices, the other one of Shannan East Road is to continue to move southeast, cross Shenzhou and Gwangju, develop to Huainan Road, and enter the south that has been fighting for a long time; ▲ Huang Chao's second choice is to enter Henan Road from Cai Zhou and return to his hometown for development. ▲ Huang Chao's third choice is to return to his hometown in Huang Chao and Cao Zhou. The world is rich in salt. -"New Tang Book" Huang Chao finally chose to go back to his hometown in Henan Road for development. There is a simple reason. There are fierce people sitting there on Shannan Road and Huainan Road, and he doesn't want to provoke them any more. Liu Jurong is in charge of Shannan East Road. In those days, Huang Chao's army gained a rather painful experience in Jiangling, and was almost wiped out by the regiment. This man is really not to be taunted. ▲ Liu Jurong, a fierce thief on Shannan East Road, chased him, made a fuss, broke the thief and pushed him north. It's better to go to Jiangling and be captured and beheaded. Monk Wo asked the rest to cross the river and head east. -"Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Huainan Road has a high article. Although Gao Pian didn't dare to come out in Yangzhou when Huang Chao crossed the river, Gao Pian's impression on Huang Chao can definitely be described as unforgettable. Let's not provoke him yet. ▲ Gao Pian, a skinny camel is bigger than a horse. It is not easy to provoke Zhang Yi to cross the river and attack the thief Wang Shuai and bully him. Repeatedly defeated the Huang Chao army and surrendered to Raozhou. Don't let Chang Hong surrender with tens of thousands. Attack Raozhou, win it and go to its nest. -"Zi Zhi Tong Jian" lets us return to the hometown of Cao and Pu. After all, the local people in their own village were familiar with the terrain and situation. I didn't suffer from fighting there. Huang Chao made a hasty comparison and chose to return to Henan Road without hesitation. The haze of war is approaching Henan Road step by step, and the scouts flying around day and night are transmitting early warning information. Huang Chao's army is coming! Third, Henan Road: The flag on the top of the city is changing, and the land boundary is full of the restoration of grass-headed kings, which is naturally something that the court should celebrate. But just when I was happy, the court suddenly found an embarrassing problem, that is, after Huang Chao left Chang 'an, not many people here really obeyed their own strength. Once Huang Chao set foot there, it was equivalent to entering a weak control area in Tang Ting. Xu Zhou (the envoy of the Chinese military) Zhou Ji: Nuozong Guangzhong and General Xu Zhou appointed Xue Neng one by one, claiming to stay behind. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Yunzhou (Tianping Army Our Envoy) Cao Quansheng: I will be the commander-in-chief of Xue Chongzu, preemptively rebel against the city of Cui Jun, attack all of it, and be killed by me. -"History of the Old Five Dynasties" Xuzhou (our probation officer) Shi Pu: I sent someone to meet you in detail and learned that I would forgive you, but Pu moved the army to Xuzhou. As soon as we entered, the soldiers shouted and pushed Pu to stay behind. -"The History of the Old Five Dynasties" King Qingzhou (Pinglu Our Mission): And the nest thief committed Chang 'an, and the princes were good at changing the shackles. Respect for martial arts is to learn Confucianism and stay. -"The History of the Old Five Dynasties" ▲ Zhou Ji, Cao Quansheng, Shipu, Wang, the king of grassroots. Nowadays, many of us Henan road assistants are the kings of grassroots who stand on their own feet without asking the court. They have not experienced the political training and moral cultivation of the imperial court. It is a bit difficult to win over these people with the slogan of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism. In addition, some of them, such as Zhou, Zhuge Shuang and Wang, had defected to Huang Chao. Will they be forced by the pressure of war, become the swing again and defect again? It is not clear whether these people are a huge unstable factor. Once these people really defected to Huang Chao, it would be very bad news for the imperial court. It is hard to say whether Henan Road will suddenly collapse and eventually evolve into a new "three towns of Heshuo", out of the control of the imperial court. ▲ Will Henan Road get out of control? Of course, Henan Road can now obey the imperial buffer regions, such as Qin Zongquan in Cai Zhou, Zhao Gui in Chen Zhou, Qi Kerang in Taining in Yanzhou and Zhuge Shuang in Heyang. Unfortunately, most of them will take the lead in facing the first wave of Huang Chao's army, while Zeke Jean is surrounded by this group of king of grass roots in the east, and there is nothing he can do. ▲ The circle represents loyalty to the imperial court, and the square represents that the kings of the grass heads are lucky in Shu and are in charge of their affairs. When Cai had a strong army of 10,000 people, the patriarchal power was to negotiate with Yang, the supervisor, to break the thief and grant Cai Mu, and the number of festivals was still fixed. -"Old Tang Book" judges a book by its cover, so the emperor wrote to keep the secretariat of Chen Zhou. -"The History of the Old Five Dynasties" In order to strengthen the interception of Huang Chao, the court also specially sent a person to make up for it between Wang Caotou, Cai and Chen Erzhou. This man is Zhu Wen (the former Huang Chao Army surrendered) assigned to Xuanwu Military Town. As the biggest traitor of Huang Chao Army, the contradiction between Zhu Wen and Huang Chao is absolutely irreconcilable. When the two sides meet, they can only lose each other in the end, which is of course what the court most wants to see. ▲ Zhu Wen was named Zhu Quanzhong by Tang Ting, and he was a traitor of Huang Chao Army who took Quan Zhong, Bianzhou Secretariat and Xuanwu Army as his teachers. -"History of the New Five Dynasties" IV. Henan Road has three lines of defense in the eyes of the imperial court. At this moment, Henan Road has three lines of defense to intercept Huang Chao. As long as these three lines can play a good role, the hope of stopping Huang Chao is still relatively great: the first line of defense: the cannon fodder line-Cai Zhou line, Xu, Cai and Ying, can kill as many Huang Chao troops as they can, and consume as much as they can. ▲ The first line of defense and the second line of defense: Xuanwu line of defense, the backbone level, Chen, Zheng, Bian, Slip, Song, Mili and other States, fighting with the Huang Chao army, waiting for the court to make room for reinforcements. ▲ The second line of defense and the third line of defense: the backup line of defense-Xu, Pu, Cao, Yun, Yan and other States, try not to make trouble, it is best to come forward to support, and finally make up for the fish that escaped the net. ▲ The third line of defense The imperial court here is calculating the functions and effects of the three lines of defense. At this time, Huang Chao's troops there almost broke away from the ancient road of Shang Yang, and the war was coming. Next, it depends on the lack of strength in our Henan Road era. At the moment, the imperial court in the middle of Shu is staring at the situation of Henan Road nervously. If Henan Road can hold the attack of Huang Chao Army, the imperial court can make time to plan and deploy to destroy Huang Chao Army. If it fails to collapse directly, the whole Henan Road will completely fall, and eventually the Huang Chao army will spread and develop here. Compared with Chang 'an, Henan Road is definitely a more ideal development space. If Henan Road is completely controlled, the Huang Chao army will really have rich resources. ▲ Henan Road is the vast land of Huang Chao's army. Where will the situation go? Let's wait and see. The first cannon fodder appears, seconds kill! Huang Chao's army immediately began to attack Henan Road after leaving the ancient commercial road. Cai Zhou's Qin Zongquan bears the brunt. In the face of the flood of Huang Chao's army, Qin Zongquan of Cai Zhou made some resistance with his soldiers, but the strength of the two sides was very different, and the outcome was expected as early as possible. There is no doubt that Qin Zongquan lost, and Qin Zongquan is also a frank person. When he lost, he gave up and surrendered. Huang Chao ordered his elite soldier, Meng Kai, to attack Cai Zhou with ten thousand people as the vanguard, and defeated Qin Zongquan in our time. Thieves attacked the city, and the imperial clan became the princes in the nest, and joined forces with them. -"Old Tang Book" Qin Zongquan's surrender not only strengthened the strength of Huang Chao's army, but also led to the direct collapse of the first line of defense from the middle. Soldiers of Huang Chao Army jumped directly from Cai Zhou to the gate of Chenzhou. As can be seen from the map, starting from Cai Zhou and going straight is the best shortcut to the hometown of Cao and Pu in Huang Chao. Chen Zhou is doomed to war this time, and war is imminent. ▲ The best route for Huang Chao to return to Cao Zhou In the face of Cai Zhou's easy decline, Huang Chao is a little complacent, and the conquest is so simple and refreshing. Henan Road is really a good place. It seems that he chose the right one. But it wouldn't have thought that Chen Zhou, the city he will face next, is a strong city that drags himself into the bottomless abyss. At this moment, a macho man in the city is gearing up, waiting for the arrival of Huang Chao. He is Zhao Gui, a tough guy who is ready to break the teeth of Huang Chao's army. ▲ Chenzhou City is about to experience the baptism and bloody battle of Chen Zhou War. For more than 300 days, Cheng Wei stood firm: 1. Chen Zhou's pre-war preparations: The bird's nest has captured Chang 'an, and the generals said, "In my opinion, if the bird's nest is not punished by Chang 'an people, it will drive its people eastward, and our state will urge them appropriately!" "Is based on the city for the garrison, recruit people into the city within six miles, choose their children, with Jia Bing. -"The History of the New Five Dynasties" Zhao Gui is a prepared person. People who are prepared are generally not easy to be defeated. He calculated from Huang Chao that he would come to Chen Zhou to smash a venue after his retreat in Chang 'an. If there is no exaggeration in the history books, this Zhao Gui is definitely a brilliant strategic wise man. Let's take a look at Chen Zhou's original preparation, and we will know why Zhao Gui dared to choose mutually assured destruction with Huang Chao. He is so headstrong because he has the ability, capital and confidence. Sent to add walls, dredge ditches, real granaries and accumulate wages. Anyone who has money outside the four houses and within the two houses is ordered to be brought into the county seat. Armored men, swords, crossbows and arrows are all ready. He also called Jin Yong and put him under his command. Zhong You is the commander-in-chief to prevent and contain the capital, and Ji Di-sub is a close confidant, and everyone knows the army. The eldest son Lu and the second son Lin are all assigned international soldiers. -"History of the Old Five Dynasties" Zhao Gui's specific preparations are as follows: Building high walls and fortifications for the Yugoslav capital. The additional buildings should be built firmly, the dredging should be deepened, and the extra weapons of the city defense should be equipped quickly, so as to finally turn Zhouchen city defense into an indestructible war fortress. ▲ Build a city to prevent grain accumulation, hoard grain and grass, collect grain and grass through multiple channels, and prepare for a protracted war. The last spell is grain and grass. Historically, it is also common for people to eat people around the city. There is food in hand, don't panic. Bring about hoarding food and grass to strengthen the city wall, move all the people nearby into the city, leave no one and no food for the Huang Chao army, and pull these people into the city, which can not only prevent them from being driven as cannon fodder for siege in the war, but also serve as a defensive force for the Yugoslav capital in wartime. ▲ Strengthening Bi Ye's army and deploying all their relatives to key Yugoslav capital positions showed the rhythm of fighting hard, fighting tiger brothers and fighting father and son. Such a gorgeous lineup really makes people believe that Chen Zhou is definitely a tough nut to crack. Bring Chen Zhou father and son soldiers, fully prepared for the battle. Huang Chao is aggressive at the moment. Although Zhao Gui and others feel a little nervous, they don't panic. Huang Chao, I've been waiting for you to come. Second, the first to send the head: careless Meng Jie Meng Jie, as the pioneer of Huang Chao Army, was filled with lofty sentiments immediately after Qin Zongquan surrendered in World War I. Who can stop the main force of Qi Army from crossing the Huaihe River to Chang 'an? Meng Jie thinks that when the army crossed the Huaihe River to the west, which one didn't back down and hid in the city and didn't dare to come out, it's different now. ▲ Meng Kai died of a casual ideal, but the reality is very skinny. This Meng Kai, regarded as a confidant by Huang Chao, immediately became Zhou Chenjun's first victory. Kay went to Cai Zhou, moved troops to attack Chen, and the army was in Xiangcheng; Show weakness first, take it by surprise, attack it by surprise, kill it all, take it alive and cut it. -"History as a Mirror" The news of Meng Jie's death made Huang Chao very angry. Cai Zhou knows it like the back of his hand. A little Chen Zhou made himself suffer such a big loss. Huang Chao naturally unwilling, had to kill him! Third, Huang Chao's attack vs. Chen Zhou's persistence: In June, we joined forces with Qin Zongquan to encircle Chen Zhou and dug a 50-fold attack. -"History as a Mirror" In the course of the war, Huang Chao discovered that Chen Zhou was so difficult to chew, but it was actually difficult to chew. As can be seen from a series of actions behind Huang Chao, Huang Chao's thinking is also changing, and it is changing in the direction that the imperial court is most unwilling to see, that is, Lao Tzu has stopped running back to his hometown and is ready to fight a protracted war. I want to win and swallow all the counties in Henan Province. Camp in the north of the state and set up a palace as a long-term solution. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" was plundered and poisoned by soldiers from dozens of states such as Henan, Xu, Ru, Tang, Deng, Meng, Zheng, Bian, Cao, Pu, Xu and Yan. -"History as a Mirror" ▲ The attack direction of Huang Chao Army is based on Chen Zhou, attacking everywhere and defeating Henan Road. Huang Chao's idea is understandable, but for siege, he chose the easy before the difficult. Although this choice was ridiculed by many people in later generations, he believed that his troops should not be wasted here. However, we should also clearly see that Chen Zhou is the courage of our times. As long as Chen Zhou can hold on, then at other times, he will have the confidence to hold on. In this case, Zhu Wen, next to Xuanwu Army, can be calm and coordinated, while the envoys of Xuzhou, Yunzhou and Zhou Pu, inspired by cold lips and teeth, follow up and help behind. This is the greatest significance of Chen Zhou's insistence, holding off the enemy's footsteps with an unyielding attitude, calling on his brothers nearby to help, and at the same time gaining time and waiting for the court's final counterattack. Zhao Gui sent someone to the neighboring road for help, so Zhou Ji, Shi Pu and Zhu Quanzhong all led the troops to rescue him. -"History as a Mirror" ▲ Schematic diagram of the rescue of Chen Zhou in the surrounding buffer zone. Huang Chao, who is stationed in the fortified city, is struggling. The immediate goal, Chenzhou, is like an invincible Xiao Qiang. No matter how besieged your army is, it can always survive. Every time you falter, you can turn around again What is more troublesome is the attacks and harassment in other buffer zones around him, so that the Huang Chao Army has to continue to divide its forces to deal with them. Giving up and continuing is painful. The emperor led the army in Lu Yi and met the ant tribe. He attacked them with his soldiers and beheaded more than 2,000 soldiers. Emperor and Xu Zhoutian took Wazi Village as a new force, killing many thieves —— History of the Old Five Dynasties. , Huang Chao attack, Qin Zongquan according to Cai Zhoutong thief, Xu and Cai close, Pu arise and discuss it, military prosperity, victorious. -"The History of the Old Five Dynasties" besieged Chen Zhou and responded to the harassment of Zhu Wen, Shipu and others. In this way, Huang Chao's army was dragged to the gates of Chenzhou, which took nearly 300 days and nights, but it never chewed this hard bone. It has always been a taboo for military strategists to station troops and build cities, and they can't attack for a long time. Over the years, Huang Chao's army morale began to decline, and more importantly, there was a shortage of food and grass. With so many troops, it's not a small amount at the end of a day, let alone three hundred days. Cai Zhou was quickly eaten up, and the grain and grass on Henan Road were quickly eaten up by them. The shortage of food and grass has become a big problem. Chen Zhou struggled under siege, but what about Huang Chao's army? They're dying, too. Who can carry it to the end? It depends on the action of the court. Fourth, the imperial court began planning for nearly a year, which is enough for the imperial court to do many things, such as the emperor's re-communication with our local government, such as sending people to the east to lobby our local government, so that everyone can unify their thinking and actively and unanimously resist the Huang Chao army; Talk to Keyong Li again, for example, to remind me that after the transfer, that person should do his work more beautifully, and not leave a tail that makes people sick, right? ▲ Shatuojun is the last killer mace. When the Huang Chao army here was in a stalemate, the resistance consciousness of Henan Road became more and more firm, because the emperor painted cakes for everyone and then persisted. Guys, the victory is not far away. Huang Chao surrounded Chen Zhou for hundreds of days, and the Zhao brothers fought hundreds of battles with it. Although the soldiers ran out of food, the people's hearts were strengthened. -"History as a Mirror" The hungry team, unkempt people, all struggled to hold on to this broken city of flesh and blood, and the Huang Chao army at the gate gradually lost confidence at the moment, and did not think that they could conquer the city at one fell swoop, so the two sides confronted each other and waited for each other. See who consumes energy to death? Five, Shatuo army lore Huang Chao didn't wait until Chenzhou finally collapsed because of being trapped without food. But wait until the news that the Shatuo army sent troops south. At this moment, Huang Chao discovered that, after so long, except Cai Zhou, he had not completely occupied any other counties in Henan Road, and he was still a rogue without foundation. ▲ The southward movement of Shatuo Army sounded the death knell of Huang Chao Army. In February, KeYong sent Fan Hanbing fifty thousand hospital. -"Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Compared with the original merchants in the ancient road, Huang Chao is now in a very passive situation. The army was exhausted from lack of food, and Cai Zhou was the only tiny place. He had no other better choice, either fighting the Shatuo army with a real knife or continuing to flee to find other directions. Do it! However, with a series of failures before us again, Huang Chao finally got cold feet. Li Keyong left Xu, Bian and Xu He's troops behind; Fashion makes Tun Taikang. In summer and April, your company and the army marched into Taikang. The Yellow Fourth Field moved to Xihua, and the army attacked it again, thinking that it would leave. Huang Chao listened to the fear and retired from the army, so he surrounded Yang Li and Chen Zhou. -"History as a Mirror" When Huang Chao chose to retreat, the fate of failure was irreversible. When the army came to Wangmandu, the Huang Chao army and the imperial court had a final decisive battle, and the first world war collapsed. Since then, Huang Chao led the small-scale remnants to break through and flee to the north, and there was no chance to make a comeback. This is more like a suicide escape, and the wall is pushed down by everyone. At this time, Huang Chao has no strength. On the front border, there are more predators waiting for them, ready to take credit with their heads. They can only choose to continue to escape until they are hunted. In June 884, Huang Chao came to the end of his life. His head was cut off by his subordinate Lin Yan and presented to the court by Shipu. Since then, the Huang Chao Army has completely fallen. Chen Zhou has become the bitter medicine of Huang Chao, an invincible city, and finally killed its last hope of rising. ▲ Huang Chao didn't make a comeback in the end, just like the sunset. Conclusion: When Huang Chao withdrew from Chang 'an, the military strength was still very strong, and there was still a chance to fight. However, the following year, Chenzhou City blocked its plan to seize Henan Road quickly, and the garrison built the city, but it could not be captured for a long time, which finally unified the towns of Henan Road, strengthened their resistance belief, and finally lost the opportunity to occupy Henan Road and did not form its own power. Perhaps, Chen Zhou is the fate of Huang Chao. History stayed here for a moment, but in the end it didn't choose to change direction.