1, through the understanding of Mathilde's image, we know that vain and flashy capitalist society.
2. Improve your appreciation ability by appreciating the theme, structural art and characterization skills of the novel.
3. Let yourself know more about life through reading.
Teaching philosophy:
The reading and reading of long texts must be based on students' full preview, and teachers should carefully design questions to guide students to read more, think more and go deeper.
Understand the essence of the work. Preparation before class: 1. Comment on the characters while reading and write them in the narrative of the text; And write a comment on one of them, requiring a combination of narrative analysis and evaluation. In addition, students are encouraged to ask questions during preview.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
1. Appreciate the characters and explore the connotation of the works.
2. Appreciate structural art..
Teaching time:
3 class hours
first kind
Teaching points: appreciate the characters and explore the connotation of the works.
Teaching process:
First, the story is imported.
Today we are going to learn Mo Bosang's The Necklace. Before class, I will tell you a story.
On the wall, a bug was struggling to climb, halfway up, and suddenly fell down. This is the record of its failure again. but
Yes, after a while, it climbed up the wall step by step. The first man looked at the bug and sighed. A bug, so persistent and tenacious; Fail, do not give in; Fell down and started from scratch; What perseverance! I suffered a little setback. Can I be discouraged, shrink back and give up on myself? Am I inferior to this bug? ! ? The second man stared at the bug and sighed. Poor bug! When can I climb the wall like this? It can easily climb up as long as it changes its orientation slightly; But it just doesn't want to reflect and have a good look. Alas, poor bugs! ? Then the man thought:? Reflect on yourself. What I am doing has failed again and again. I should learn to be smarter and stop stupid behavior. I'm a smart man, not a bug. ?
Think about it, these two people are observing the same bug, but their opinions are diametrically opposed. Why?
Answer. Yes, they have different ideas. Why do you have different ideas? This is actually related to personal experience and personality characteristics. You see, the experience of the first kind of people is characterized by being discouraged and retreating when encountering a little setback; The second man didn't flinch after a little setback, but failed again and again, but he still buried his head in the mud. So they observe the same bug and get very different enlightenment.
Appreciating literary works is actually the same. Because of the differences in readers' life experience, personality characteristics and knowledge level, their understanding of the works is also very different. Of course, there are * * * things, but more is different. So some people say: a thousand readers have a thousand hamlets. The image of the heroine Mathilde in The Necklace, which we are going to learn today, has always been controversial. When analyzing this character, you can boldly say your true feelings. Today, our class is mainly about exchanging views. However, one thing should be noted: whatever you say, you must make everyone feel reasonable.
Second, introduce the author's works
1, as we all know, which three people call themselves the top three in the world? The king of short stories? And then what?
A: Chekhov (Russia), Mo Bosang (France), Europe? Henry (USA)
The teacher said: Although they claim to be the top three in the world? The king of short stories? But that doesn't mean they only write short stories. For example, Chekhov's life
He wrote seven or eight hundred short stories and novellas, and a dozen plays. Oh? In addition to more than 300 short stories, Henry has only one novel, Cabbage and the Emperor.
2. What about Mo Bosang's creation? Please look at page 58, and add: Among the six novels, Life and Belle Ami are famous. What should be noted is his reputation as a suicide stone. What is his relationship with the famous writer Flaubert? (Teacher-student relationship)
Third, overall perception.
Q: Title? What is the connection between the necklace and the content of the work? Are you online? What plots were written under the influence of the necklace?
Clear: clues.
Blackboard writing:
Preface. Mathilde's? Pain? And dreams
Began to borrow necklaces (for dancing)
Develop a necklace (end of dance)
Pay off the necklace and debt (ten years of hard work)
The climax and ending know the necklace (the necklace was found to be fake)
Fourth, comment on people.
(1) Fade the background and appreciate the plain text.
(2) Now please tell us how you evaluate Mathilde?
(3) There may be several viewpoints: high spirits and vanity; Kindness, honesty and simplicity; Perseverance, patience and hardship.
(4) Note: Please write a paragraph combining narration, analysis and evaluation at one point (preview homework) and read it aloud in class.
Encourage students to ask questions and discuss.
5. Homework: Write an imaginary composition.
Composition content: What will Mathilde do when she learns that the necklace is fake? Pay attention to psychological description. The topic is self-made, write two or three hundred words. This assignment can best reflect students' understanding of Mathilde's image. )
Second lesson
Teaching points: explore the theme; Exchange imaginary compositions.
Teaching process:
First, combine the social background to fully explore the connotation of the works.
(1) Introduce the questions raised by students in the preview.
In the penultimate paragraph on page 53, someone questioned: What happened to women in this society? They are keen on advanced dance. By contrast, their husbands seem to be quite pitiful. (Does the author intentionally vilify the image of women? )
Teacher's comment: I don't remember any foreign writer saying: vanity, your name is woman. This novel also reflects the vanity of women, but aren't men vanity? Look: when Loizai received the invitation to go home? Proud? Yes, because of this invitation? Rarely distributed to employees? He thought it was a great honor, and he made great efforts to get the invitation. Besides, their wives danced wildly until the early hours of the morning, but as husbands, they seemed very happy. I think they may be secretly proud that their wives can cause a sensation. It can be seen that the heroine's vanity mentality was quite representative in the society at that time. Let's discuss the connotation of the work with the social background.
(2) Introduce the background
19 In France in the 1980s, capitalism developed viciously, the big bourgeoisie was in power, government corruption prevailed, and social morality declined. The bourgeois extravagant and decadent life and mercenary moral concept have influenced the whole society, and the pursuit of pleasure and vanity has become a bad social atmosphere. The petty bourgeoisie envies the upper class and wants to join the ranks of the bourgeoisie. They have made various efforts to this end. Necklace is the representative of this kind of works.
(3) Discussion:
A. What do you think of Mathilde's pursuit of luxury life and dream of squeezing into the upper class? Does that make sense? (pros and cons debate)
B, what is the essence of this high society? Why do you see it?
C. Are there similarities between her and Jane Eyre in personality connotation and attitude towards fate?
D. Focus discussion: Is the loss of the necklace perfect or destroyed for Mathilde? What do you think of the author's attitude towards Mathilde? Is it criticism, praise, both or none?
Hint: She is vain and uneasy about the status quo. However, it can also be said that man struggles upwards and water flows downwards. She yearns for and pursues a better life. It's not a mistake, just don't aim too high. If you only say the former point of view, you don't have to force yourself to comment. )
Let's see what Mathilde's dream society is like. Fraser, Mathilde's good friend, lives in the high society Mathilde dreamed of. That necklace is the best treasure in Fraser's jewelry box. Mathilde put it on and made a splash at the ministerial dance, but it turned out to be fake, which made us wonder if several pieces in Fraser's jewelry box were real. It turns out that there is a false essence hidden under the luxurious appearance of the so-called upper class!
Jane Eyre is plain, she is not satisfied with the status quo, but she pursues the independence and freedom of personality, the right to stand on her own feet in society and gain equality and respect, but she has no material interests, and she is determined to achieve everything through her own efforts. Jane Eyre is obviously much higher than Mathilde's pursuit of life. Nevertheless, Mathilde, as the daughter of petty-bourgeois citizens, is eager to live a good life and become a role recognized and respected by the society. )
D. Reference answer
Perfection: Ten years' efforts have unearthed the pure essence (inner spiritual beauty) of Mathilde's character.
Corruption: This is a joke of fate. This is a tragedy, and no one can control his own destiny.
(4) Discuss Exercise 2 and point out the main idea of this article (the author's intention to write this novel).
The theme of the novel is to satirize the vanity of the petty bourgeoisie (and the concept of pursuing pleasure) through Mathilde's pursuit of luxury misfortune.
The main purpose of the novel is to satirize the vanity of the petty bourgeoisie through Mathilde's pursuit of luxury and misfortune, and at the same time condemn the bad values of capitalist society. Although the author is critical of the protagonist, he also has some sympathy.
Anti-theme: Who in the world has no vanity? Besides, Mathilde's vanity is not an individual phenomenon, but a product of class society. I think the author wants to express people's own helplessness to the drastic changes in life. (There is a sentence on page 56:? How strange and changeable life is. The smallest thing can ruin you and make you perfect! ? )
Theme of the novel: In a society where money is paramount, the pursuit of personal dignity comes at a price. Little people are helpless in the face of money, but they have unremitting pursuit of personality. )
(5) The teacher gives a tendentious view (Exercise 2) and explains:
Mathilde was really vain at first, but from another point of view, as the daughter of a petty-bourgeois citizen, it is not her fault to long for a good life. It is this society that should be cursed. The value orientation of the whole society is money first and hedonism prevails. Moreover, there is also a relatively simple side in her personality. In addition to complaining and complaining on weekdays, she didn't do anything crazy, nor did she think of using her beauty to do dirty things. After the necklace was lost, she never had any bad thoughts such as refusing to return it, buying a fake one, running away or transsexual debt repayment. She began to walk from the clouds to the ground and began a down-to-earth life. During the long 10 years of debt repayment, she learned to be hard-working, diligent and thrifty, and at the same time gained inner peace. So we can see that when Mathilde saw his girlfriend again ten years later, she had completely got rid of her original self-pity, shame and humility, and some were comfortable and calm.
So I think the main purpose of this article is to satirize the vanity of the petty bourgeoisie and condemn the bad values of capitalist society at the same time. Affirmed the honest character and struggle spirit of the Mathilde couple to repay the necklace.
Second, try to write a sentence.
1, teacher blackboard? A vain but innocent woman and a vain and false society? .
The teacher said: Now, I hope you can learn from the Chinese teacher and sum up your feelings after reading it in one sentence. This sentence can be your unique understanding of this passage, your understanding of Mathilde, the refinement of writing style, and your life sentiment triggered by this passage. In short, as long as it's your true thoughts, you can.
Third, exchange compositions.
4. Assignment: Exercise 3
The third category
Teaching points: appreciate the description skills and structural art of characters.
Teaching process:
First, guide the design.
Today, we will appreciate the structural art and characterization skills of the novel. When we analyzed the characters and themes last class, did we pay attention to which method the author highlighted when describing the characters?
Default answer: psychological description is the most prominent, mainly in the form of inner narrative. For example, at the beginning of the article, psychology 1000 words.
Description plays a key role in revealing characters' personality characteristics.
Second, appreciate the structural art.
1, let the students review several typical structural scheduling methods they have seen, and then the teacher summarizes them on the blackboard: suspense, transition.
(It is an artistic means to connect plots with each other, and the transition is ingenious and natural, which will make the structure seamless) and clues (it is the link to unify the interior of the article into an organic whole, which generally reflects the author's thinking. Clues can be people, things, things, or scenes. They are care, bedding and waves (narrative articles are the most taboo, and authors often create ups and downs to attract readers and make the plot relaxed, which is waves)
2. Let the students analyze the structural method adopted in this paper and appreciate its beauty.
Clue: Necklace, with borrowing-compensation-compensation as the clue, constitutes the development context of the whole story. It can also cause readers to think about whether the cause of tragedy really exists. The necklace is on me.
Waves: Mathilde experienced twists and turns. At first, Mathilde's frustration in marriage seemed to plunge her into desperate adversity. However, the invitation of the Minister of Education to hold a ball made her seem to have entered a smooth situation. At the dance, she made a splash and was about to embark on the road to success. Unexpectedly, when losing the necklace, Mathilde fell into bad luck again, so that she ruined her youth for the necklace. Writing on the blackboard: prosperity and adversity
Mathilde's preparation before the dance was also full of twists and turns: Mathilde envied the life of the upper class, but she cried when she saw the invitation, this wave; Later, with decent clothes, I was even more uneasy and sad. This was another wave. When I borrowed the necklace, I was in a dilemma. This is another small climax, and finally I am satisfied and the plot is finished.
Foreshadowing: The ending embodies the exquisiteness of the author's conception, because it surprises all readers, but after careful analysis, it is found that the ending is reasonable and very credible, because the author has made three necessary foreshadowing and ingenious hints in his writing: one is to borrow a necklace, and her girlfriend, Mrs. Fleischer, is quite generous and does not hesitate to say: Sure, ok? . Second, when she returned the necklace, her girlfriend didn't open the box for inspection, which means it's not valuable jewelry. In three places, the jewelry store owner said, we only sold one box. ? This also shows that the necklace and the box are not the original match.
Conclusion: All this shows that the author took great pains in conceiving and paid special attention to the care of writing. This can lead us to think about narrative writing, and ordinary materials can produce unexpected effects after being conceived and processed.
Third, homework: preview "Chen Huansheng goes to town"
The second teaching goal of Chinese necklace teaching plan in senior high school
1. Experience the elaborate conception and ingenious layout of the novel;
2. Understand the role of delicate and profound psychological description in depicting characters;
3. Analyze the image of Mathilde and its significance;
4. Cultivate students' dialectical thinking and divergent thinking ability.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
Focus: Experience the ingenious conception of the novel.
Dilemma: The Image of Mathilde and Its Significance
Teaching time
2 class hours
first kind
Teaching points:
Introduce the author and summarize the story.
Teaching steps:
Firstly, the author and works are introduced.
Mo Bosang (1850 1893), a French critical realist writer in the second half of the 9th century, is a world master of short stories. He was born into a declining aristocratic family in Normandy, France. 1870, he just went to Paris to study law after graduating from high school. When the Franco-Prussian War broke out, he was drafted into the army. Retired after the war and worked as a clerk in the artillery department and the Ministry of Education. 1880, boule de suif became famous in French literature.
He wrote about 300 short stories, 6 novels, 3 travel notes and other works.
Second, read through the full text and clarify the structure.
1, outline of oral story.
Mathilde, who is bent on pursuing high society, received an invitation from the Minister of Education to hold a dance, but? Worried? She achieved great success at the dance and embarked on the road to success. Unexpectedly, the loss of the necklace made her fall into bad luck again. It took ten years of youth to lose a necklace, and finally I realized that the necklace was fake.
2. List the plot structure.
Seven? Dream of four? Intoxicated? Ten years of youth? Memories showy
Borrow necklace, lose necklace, compensate necklace, fake necklace is miserable.
Three. Discussion:
There are two important twists and turns in this story. Who can tell us?
In this story, Mrs. Loizai lost her necklace after making a splash at the party. The other is the end of the story. After ten years of pain and paying off huge debts, Mrs. Lowazai knew that her lost necklace was fake.
B, imagine, if Madame Loire didn't lose the necklace after she became famous, how would the plot develop in the future? (Make reasonable assumptions according to the text content, and strive to conform to the theme of the original novel)
Mrs. Loizai went to the store to borrow more expensive jewelry for the second time, but she was robbed because she marched through the city and was in a miserable situation (and later)
From then on, Mrs. Loizai got deeper and deeper into vanity, pestering her husband to buy expensive jewelry every day, quarreling three times and six times, quarreling every day, and finally having to go to court for divorce.
She finally became a noble hostess. After being played, she was abandoned. She was depressed and finally committed suicide.
C. Imagine again: After paying off a huge debt, Mrs. Loizai suddenly learned that the lost necklace turned out to be fake, and then what would happen to her?
She went crazy with shock.
She committed suicide when she got home.
She has an old habit of happily using the money returned to her to buy noble jewelry for the party, but she is met with cold reception and ridicule because she is old and ugly.
She learned her lesson and lived a frugal and happy life from now on.
This question is not important. The ending of the original book left a deep room for aftertaste, which was wonderful. There is no need to stick to a specific ending. I will think more if I don't elaborate.
Because on the one hand, it shows the exquisite art of the original, and our ideas are often suspected of being renewed; On the other hand, our ideas are similar to the original, so we don't need to sell ourselves short.
Fourth, homework:
Familiar with the text
Second lesson
First, import:
Among the three elements of the novel, the first is the character, and the plot and environment completely obey the needs of characterization. Therefore, to understand the novel, we must understand the characters; If you want to learn to write, you must learn to shape characters.
Put forward the teaching goal of this class: the shaping and significance of Mathilde's image.
Secondly, analyze the image of Mathilde:
Question: A? The lost necklace? It formed Mathilde ten years ago and Mathilde ten years later. What period do you like?
The evaluation of Mathilde has always been controversial in the literary world, asking students to compare? Exercise 2? have a discussion
Prompt 1. The image is developing and enriching. Mathilde ten years ago is very different from Mathilde ten years later, but it can't be separated when analyzing characters.
2. Analyze from the perspective of characterization methods. The methods of character description include portrait, psychological description, action description and Chinese description. The Necklace successfully uses psychological description to shape the image of Mathilde.
B. Teachers and students discuss the text together and design questions:
1.？ She is also a beautiful and moving girl? Medium? What else? What's the point?
This? What else? This word tells us that she has no choice but to enter the upper class by virtue of her beauty. what's up Money? The fence kept her out of high society. What kind? An elegant and luxurious life? She can only enjoy it in her dreams.
2. Why her? I think she was born to live an elegant and luxurious life.
Clear: Because of her? Beautiful and moving? According to the value standards of the society at that time, she had superiority? Born? And then what? Capital? .
3. When she. Looking at Meidochan in Bradari doing trivial housework for her, I felt a sad feeling in my heart? How does she feel?
Clear: ①? Meidochan, Brayda? This is the cheapest commission;
(2) Meidochan can only do this? Trivial family matters? She lamented the vulgarization of her family.
4. There are seven of her in the novel? Dream? How to treat vanity dialectically? what's up Virtual? How is it reflected? Ask students to read aloud? It's the day of the night party, intoxicated with the victory that women think is the happiest and sweetest? . )
Clear: ① Pursuing a happy life is beyond reproach, but she is unrealistic and can only? Dream? ;
2 Cover yourself with costumes and necklaces;
(3) her? Intoxicated? It is a false and fleeting illusion;
4 one? Run away? These words illustrate her vanity more vividly.
5.？ The lost necklace? Mathilde can choose which ways to solve this problem, only choice? Pay? What does this mean?
Clear: ① She can choose to cheat, steal or escape;
② Why did you choose? Pay? Showed her personality, self-esteem and honesty.
6.？ Pay for the necklace? There has been a leap in the image-building of Mathilde, so what is it? Borrow a necklace? Is novel 3 a foreshadowing?
Clear: ① She? Dream? In fact, I hope my personality will be respected by others.
(2) she didn't use beauty to sink, just? Often cry all day? ;
3 hers? Hesitation? Explain her understanding of her husband and show her kindness;
At the dance, she was intoxicated by all the people staring at her, which showed that she wanted her personality to be respected.
7. Why Mathilde? Smile with an innocent expression of benefit.
Clarity: Because she abandoned femininity and willfulness, stayed away from illusory reverie, and became a struggling woman who climbed step by step for a clear life goal, and was proud of it.
★ induction
Mathilde's beautiful appearance, clerks, secretaries, and chatter.
Humble origin, vanity, fantasy, no distortion of the status quo, honesty, kindness, courage to face difficulties.
Respectable personality
★ Analysis:? Lost the necklace? Influence on Mathilde
? How strange and changeable life is! The smallest thing can ruin you and help you! ? necklace
Ask questions and discuss:
What exactly is this for Mathilde? Corruption? Or? Ten years later, she often? Memories How do you feel?
Clear: Really? Corruption? What else? Fulfill? She lost a beautiful and peaceful life and fulfilled her dignity. In connection with the fact that the necklace shaken out at the end of the novel is fake, we can think that what Mathilde yearned for at first, such as necklaces, is fake; It took her ten years to get this concern, just like real life, every one is real, but she paid a little more.
Thirdly, analyze the causes of Mathilde's tragedy:
Students discuss clearly that the necklace contains many philosophical propositions: accident and necessity, phenomenon and essence, truth and illusion, etc. (Guide students to analyze the vanity of Loire and Madame Frais in the first and second paragraphs. ) the plot in the novel does seem accidental, but it has certain inevitability, because:
① the value orientation of the society at that time; The weakness of her character.
Conclusion: Mathilde's tragedy is not only her personal tragedy, but also a social tragedy.
Fourthly, comment on the significance of Mathilde's image:
(1) Tip:
1.？ Literature is human studies? , is an artistic representation of real life, so the characters and novel themes are as colorful as life.
Although Mo Bosang is a famous French writer of critical realism, he is deeply influenced by liberalism? Pure objectivity? The influence of claims sometimes lacks a clear attitude towards the affairs described, which limits the depth of thought and weakens the light of criticism.
3.？ A thousand readers have a thousand hamlets? Every reader can judge from different times and different needs.
(2) Question: Apart from satirizing Mathilde's vanity, ten years of bitterness and criticizing capitalist society, what do you think of Mathilde's image? Please summarize it in one sentence. Ask students not to stick to the tips of books and traditional conclusions.
Teacher-student discussion: foreseeable points
The evaluation of Mathilde is 1, the misplaced woman 2, the contest between money and personality 3, an ode to sincere love 4, praise for honesty and trustworthiness 5, praise for heroism.
Five, after-school exercises: supplementary psychological description
At the end of the novel, when Mrs Frais tells her that the necklace is fake.