Tatar is the name of East Mongolia in the Ming Dynasty, nomadic in the south of Lake Baikal, north of the desert, east to the Enen River and Krulun River basins, west to the upper reaches of Hang 'ai Mountain and Serenger River, and south to Monan area. Wala, the name of West Mongolia in Ming Dynasty, lived in the northwest of the vast grassland from Altai Mountain to the lower reaches of Selenger River. Wuliangha, an ancient name, lived in Mobei and Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty.
After the division of Mongolia, East and West Mongolia competed for supremacy and fought endlessly. From time to time, they sent troops south to harass Mingbian. In the early years of Yongle, Ming Taizu Judy sent envoys to Tatar and Vara respectively. Mahamu, the leader of Walla, used the power of the Ming court to deal with the Tatars, and paid tribute to them. Emperor Chengzu of the Ming dynasty also made them kings respectively. After a long battle, the Tatar's strength weakened, but Vara became strong. In the 16th year of Yongle (14 18), the son of Mahamu took off his happiness and his father was King Shunning. In the past few years, Tuo Domineering has broken through Tatar, merged the masses and unified internal affairs, which is increasing day by day. Tuo domineering made Genghis Khan's descendants take off their flowers as Khan, regarded themselves as great masters (prime ministers) and held the real power in Mongolia. Ming Yingzong died in the orthodox church for four years (1439). After his son succeeded to the throne first, not only all the desert parts in the south were conquered, but also Korea in the east, Hami in the west and northern Hu Anming were controlled by him.
First, send people to pay tribute to horses every winter. At the beginning, there were only 50 envoys, but later they were rewarded by the court, and the number increased to more than 2,000. They also asked for precious and rare things many times. A little unsatisfactory, that is, creating troubles, the property given by the Ming court has to be increased.
In February of 14th year of Ming Dynasty (1449), Mongolian Wala tribe leaders also sent more than 2,000 people to pay tribute to horses, pretending to be 3,000 people, and invited them to be rewarded by the Ming Dynasty. Because eunuch Wang Zhen refused to give more rewards, he gave them according to the actual amount, deducting four fifths of the price of the horse, which failed to meet their requirements, so he made trouble. In July this year, he commanded various ministries and harassed the mainland in four ways.
On the east road, Liaodong was attacked by Tuoba Buhua and Wuliangha; West Road, sent to attack Ganzhou (Zhangye, Gansu); The middle road is the focus of the attack, which is divided into two ways. One is under the command of Allah, the other is under the direct attack of Chicheng outside Fu Xuan, and the other is under the direct attack of Datong. He also attacked Datong all the way first. "The soldiers are very sharp, Datong soldiers are lost, and the fortress beyond the Great Wall is everywhere." Wu Hao, the general of Datong, died in Maoerzhuang. Ming Chengzu sent four generals, Xu and others, each with 10,000 troops to defend the enemy of Jingyuan.
Yingzong favored Wang Zhen, Wangzhen and Yuzhou (now Yuxian County, Hebei Province). When it comes to Datong, Shanxi Province, Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty entered the palace and attended the Crown Prince to study in the East. Xuanzong died and Zhu Qizhen acceded to the throne at the age of nine. It was for the sake of Yingzong that the cunning Wang Zhen won the favor of Emperor Huan and was appointed as the prison army, which was highly valued. Yingzong called him "sir" instead of calling him by his first name. One day, Yingzong held a grand banquet and invited hundreds of officials. According to the Ming system: "Although the official is favored, he may not hold a banquet to be king." Fearing that Wang Zhen would be unhappy, Yingzong sent someone to observe and comfort him. Wang Zhen was furious and compared himself to the Duke of Zhou. He said: "Duke Zhou is king, I can't sit alone!" " Yingzong immediately ordered Wang Zhen to open the middle gate of Donghuamen to go to dinner. Even the officials attending the meeting are looking forward to paying their respects, and Wang Zhen is very happy.
In the seventh year of orthodoxy (1442), Zhang Taihou died, and the eldest grandson Sanyang died or was demoted. Wang Zhen even bullied the weak and feared the hard, and even stole the iron tablet set by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, which prohibited the minister from interfering in state affairs. From then on, he monopolized the power, widely planted private parties, and made my nephew Wang Shan the commander of the Royal Guards, and Wang Lin the director of the Royal Guards. All his followers have been promoted and promoted. He also rejected dissidents, framed Zhongliang, and taught Liu Qiu a lesson for Wang Zhen. Liu Qiu was arrested and imprisoned, and was killed in prison. Remonstrate with Lu, did not kneel, and was detained in Tieling. At a meeting in Wang Zhen, Dongge, all the officials bowed when they saw Wang Zhen, but Xue Xuan, a young official of Dali Temple, stood upright when he saw Wang Zhen. Wang Zhen held a grudge and put him to death and put him in prison. Although he was not killed in the end, he was dismissed from office.
Wang Zhen has also built a large-scale construction project, "building collapsed houses, villas, fields and stables, encroaching on the interests of the people without losing the national lessons." Serving the military and civilians, building a mansion in the imperial city is as magnificent as a palace.
Selling officials and titles, accepting bribes, state officials entering the DPRK, persecuting and not giving gifts. Yu Qian, assistant minister of the Ministry of War of Shanxi and Henan, once went to Beijing. He "never took one thing as the right way" and urged him to "dismiss from office and call him Miss Dali Temple". There are countless treasures in Jinshan Yinshan Grottoes at home. When the house was stolen, there were more than 60 treasures, hundreds of jade plates in Yu Pei, more than 20 corals up to six or seven feet, and countless coins, silk books and jewels.
Wang Zhen was so overbearing and treacherous, but Yingzong didn't agree, but praised his loyalty and filial piety. In the eleventh year of orthodoxy (1446), the British emperor gave Wang Zhen white gold, colored coins and other things, and gave him special gifts, saying that Wang Zhen was "loyal and filial in nature, and measured it greatly and deeply", "staying at night, sleeping and eating, protecting and praising him, doing his best, expressing his righteousness and benefiting from it", which shows the treachery of his courtiers.
The defeat of Datong's front line spread to Beijing constantly, and Ming Yingzong and Zhu Qizhen, instigated and held hostage by Wang Zhen, prepared to make a personal expedition. Yu Qian, the minister of war and assistant minister, advocated that the Sixth Division should not be taken lightly. Wang, the minister of official department, spoke frankly to the ministers, but the British Sect was partial and insisted on personal expedition. 1449, 16 In July, Yingzong ordered his brother and Wang to stay in Beijing, and led 100 officials and 500,000 troops from Beijing. Zhang Fu, Zhu Yong, Minister of War Kuang Yě, Abbot Wang Zuo, Bachelor of Cabinet Cao Nai, Yi Cheung, etc.
Due to improper organization, all military and political affairs were arbitrary by Wang Zhen, and lord protector Zhu Yong was appointed as a general, but he knelt down in front of Wang Zhen; The fact minister Wang Zuo asked the emperor to return to the army, and Wang Zhen ordered him to kneel on the grass and not get up until dark. However, the civil and military ministers who followed the levy did not let them participate in the military and political affairs, and the army was in a state of chaos. 19 sunrise Juyongguan, Huailai, to Fu Xuan. /kloc-in August, the Ming army entered Datong. Before the confrontation, Guo Jing, the eunuch guarding the city, reported that he took the initiative to withdraw from the north to lure the Ming army into depth. When Wang Zhen saw the Walla army retreating from the north, he still insisted on advancing northward. When he heard of the fiasco ahead, he retreated in panic.
I want Yingzong to pass through his hometown Yuzhou when he withdraws his troops, showing the wind; I was afraid that the army would damage his garden crops, so the marching route changed repeatedly, which caused the soldiers to be exhausted. To Fu Xuan, vara brigade pursuer, Ming army thirty thousand cavalry "killed and looted". 13, fled to the civil fort in a mess, and the Walla army has crushed the Ming army.