Among writers, Jin Yong is a master. Open his 15.
It's like opening a long scroll. "
",the face is full of China culture-chess, calligraphy and painting.
Miscellaneous, medical astrology, phlegm
Chrysanthemums ... are dazzling. At the same time, through these explicit cultural information carriers, we can also go deep into his virtual Jianghu world and the spiritual core of chivalrous people to explore the mysteries of China traditional culture.
First, the wildness, rebellion and strangeness of Jianghu culture.
Jianghu in the sociological sense is a relatively independent society, which is born out of and different from the mainstream society. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with the collapse of the slavery ceremony, the status of the gentry class lost, and folk discourse became active, forming the original Jianghu culture. Therefore, rivers and lakes are wild first. The so-called "in the country, the minister of the market, in the opposition, said
Minister "(Mencius). This wildness runs through the Jianghu culture from beginning to end. With the rise, establishment and perfection of feudal autocracy, rivers and lakes and mainstream society also have a process from differentiation to opposition and finally complete independence. It can be said that it is a large shadow cast by towering temples. As big as the temple, even because the angle of projection is far greater than the temple. The second is rebellion. Since breaking away from the mainstream society, Jianghu culture has shown class contradictions and opposition between officials and people. In the Han dynasty, refugees got together to be thieves, and in the Ming and Qing dynasties, party religion flourished, and rivers and lakes staged live dramas from time to time. With the extension of feudal autocracy and totalitarianism, this rebellion sometimes eased and sometimes sharpened, but it was not manifested as a departure from the whole cultural value system, but as "equal wealth" and "
","only against.
Not anti-imperialism "rebelled against local social order and restored the whole cultural value system." Third, it's strange. The opposition to the mainstream society has kept the Jianghu in a position of being suppressed and demonized, which reached its extreme after the rise of social parties and sects in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Rivers and lakes have their own independent discourse system-incision, and non-insiders don't know the three flavors; Have their own value system-help rules, Jianghu morality, mainstream.
Phase difference and phase penetration; Coupled with witch culture, divination theology fell from temples to folk,
Eight works of Five Elements add more exotic colors to the Jianghu. This is the objective and real rivers and lakes we are facing, but it is not.
Especially not Jin Yong's.
The Jianghu world in the movie.
Second, from realism, legend to symbol
It is worth noting that, strictly speaking,
Realistic works that objectively reflect the Jianghu society are actually rare, which is different from classical martial arts works. There are also many realistic works in classical martial arts works. Biography of Rangers in Historical Records, and
"This kind of historian's memoirs are not worth mentioning. Even in scripts, parodies, historical novels, and literati notes, such as legendary works such as Water Margin and Tang Dynasty, the description of wildness and rebellion in Jianghu is quite realistic. Even like "Tang Novel"
Legendary works such as Red Line and Kunlun Slave still have a solid realistic foundation, from which we can see that the historical background of Pan Zhen's separatist regime is similar to that of other countries and assassins. And the chivalrous spirit of the late Qing dynasty
"three chivalrous men and five righteous men", "
","Heroes of Children ",etc., or the product of folk discourse, or the product of mainstream discourse, or the product of the integration of the two, in short, they are just looking for a compromise road under the opposition between the realistic rivers and lakes and the mainstream society, and the sense of reality is quite strong.
new
Overseas Colonies and the Rise of Capitalism
Chinese world. In order to attract readers, dilute the realistic class opposition in Jianghu, and strengthen the legendary and bizarre colors in Jianghu, so as to stimulate people's ever-changing fashion and taste in commercial society. From the text, this legend is different from the historical legend of historical novels, far from "
》、
, medium connection
Journey to the west, "
The number of roads is close to the Biography of Wonders in Jianghu by Bu Xiaosheng in Pingjiang and the Biography of the Swordsman in Shushan by the landlord in Zhu Huan. It can be seen that rivers and lakes have changed from villages, alleys and green forests to fairy mountains.
I don't seem to read Jianghu, but
. More importantly, rivers and lakes have expanded from the earth to
Martial arts and science fiction complement each other. Martial arts, a bottom-up skill that Jianghu people rely on for survival, has also changed from a realistic cold weapon and fist to a magic weapon, and it is super powerful in pointing to the air and defending against the wind.
. This bizarre river and lake is actually an unconscious tortuous reflection of the commercial society. Unconsciously, such works are of low quality and can only be used as disposable consumer goods. The secrecy of the real Jianghu society undoubtedly provides the writer with imagination space, and its strangeness and legend naturally have a certain degree.
Let's just listen. Therefore, it can also be said that such works, for commercial purposes, consciously amplify the secrecy of Jianghu society. Its wide audience may only have the research significance of literary sociology.
However, we can't treat Jin Yong like this. Not bad,
He also wrote many absurd legends. As a reporter, we must first consider the number of readers, and legends naturally become an indispensable seasoning. But as a cultural person, he is not satisfied with making a fuss only on the legendary level. He is well versed in history and traditional culture, has a thorough understanding of human nature in commercial society, and has insight into the spirit of modern people. His martial arts novels are covered with a layer of things, and his bizarre legends have risen to the symbolic level. Even we can't simply aim at martial arts novels.
Of course, Jin Yong did not consciously write legends from the symbolic level from the beginning, but inherited the number of historical novels and wrote legends with history. Compared with painting, it is meticulous rather than freehand brushwork; Compared with calligraphy, it is regular script rather than running script, not cursive script. The influence of Water Margin can be seen in the early Shu Jian Yi An Lu, and the names of more than a dozen heads of the Red Cross Society are all imitations of Water Margin. The chivalrous world is real, the martial arts are mortal, and the extension of the story is not big, which is very practical. Originally, the contradiction between the Red Flower Club and Qianlong was promising. Whether Qianlong became emperor as a Han Chinese or as a Manchu is such a big problem for Honghuahui. In fact, it shows the weakness and sadness of the Red Flower Club's "anti-Qing and regaining sight" justice. If the Book of Sword and Revenge is just Jin Yong's hidden talent, and inadvertently touches such a theme with cultural symbolic significance, then the second book "Sword with royal blood" intentionally strengthens the author's interest.
Jiangshan tourism is strong, see the Ming Dynasty.
The Qing dynasty competed for the crown, and the Ming dynasty was in danger everywhere.
, gone with the bad Great Wall ",but I didn't expect.
In contrast, the Manchu ruling group seemed so far-sighted and talented. His historical thought is quite profound. The third part of Flying Fox of Snowy Mountain is about the different attitudes of four descendants of Hu, Miao, Tian and Fan towards power, treasure, friendship and hatred. How did the heroes and chivalrous men materialize and degenerate into "Jianghu people" because of the treasure? The fourth "Legend of the Condor Heroes" takes ethnic disputes as the historical background. In the case of national crisis, it is pure inaction.
Christians, the humblest beggars' gangs, have no status and power.
People, in fact, shoulder the national justice. Such a story may not conform to the historical truth, but it has the historical truth. It is not only a bitter mockery of the vegetarian meal of the dead bodies of senior officials in past dynasties, but also a warm praise of "a married man is more important than the country" (Zhang Pu's "Five Tombs"). And "
"Obviously is an ode to human nature. Yuan Haowen's poem "Qiu Yan" runs through the book and becomes a real theme that is divorced from ethnic disputes. " What is love in the world? "On the one hand, Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties is like ancient tombs, such as
On the one hand,
Human nature such as
Poison is difficult to remove. Lust not only produced Li Mochou, Gong Sunzhi and Qiu thousands of feet, but also interpreted them.
、
Guo Xiang this batch of lovers. Here we are. "
》,
Symbolic meaning began to increase. Since then, I have become more and more conscious and more handy. 《
What is love, people who continue to come out? "Questioning, and"
"It's like the prequel or abbreviation of" Eternal Dragon Slayer ". The big secret hidden in the knife is just the word' the benevolent is invincible'. " "Liancheng Tactics" talks about what is priceless: gold and silver jewelry, floating power or chivalrous friendship. As for "Dragon Eight Branches", it is obviously a sea of suffering.
Reveal and dispel; 《
"It is an out-and-out political fable; The whole article of Duke of Lushan is full of the spirit of cultural criticism. These works are romantic in form and legendary in content, but their essence is deeper realism (symbol).
Perhaps, we can draw the conclusion that Jin Yong is not interested in the Jianghu in the sociological sense, and has no intention of making a biography for it. He is more interested in the development of human nature in history, culture and modern society. What he wants to write is actually the focus of pure literature, but he borrowed a legendary robe to get close to the reading psychology of the public. In this respect, he is similar to Pu Songling's "Liaozhai", which is more wonderful than records and more symbolic than legends. So we read his "full of absurd remarks", but we felt that it was "reasonable". Gangs in rivers and lakes are no longer affiliated with political parties, but like political factions, economic groups and cultural units in mainstream society, strange and absurd people in rivers and lakes and their behaviors (weird) are not fairy monsters.
It is a reflection of all kinds of human nature, especially abnormal and morbid personality, which grew up in modern commercial society and semi-colonial soil. A chivalrous man can be regarded as a scholar such as Qu Yuan, Jia Yi, Tao Qian, Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Xu Wei, Li Zhi and Gong Zizhen. As for the exaggerated description of the warrior, it is "the combination of man and sword", and the skill is like a man, and it has also been given personalized characteristics. If you lose martial arts, you will become a cripple, which is more like a symbolic prophecy. Guo Jing and Feng Xiaochun's simple and strong characters can be seen from a set of "Eighteen Palm of Dragon". A set of fascinating palms is just a lifetime of sorrow.
Will make; Ren Woxing's star attraction method is easy to remind people of his slogan of "unifying the rivers and lakes"; but
Just practicing. "
"; The Nine Yin Sutra has arrived.
Hands can only be practiced violently and ferociously.
; Yin Zhi's strange swordsmanship to ward off evil spirits is naturally the specialty of Yue Buqun and others. In particular, a set of internal cultivation is more like Confucian moral introspection and Taoist obedience.
Buddhist experience. The depth of its level is the embodiment of personality strength.
So it can be said that Jin Yong's works are from it.
Symbols have changed the Jianghu in the sociological sense, also changed the Jianghu in the legendary level, and constructed a new meaning of Jianghu culture, thus finally changing the fact that martial arts novels are not published.
The state of. To paraphrase the writer Alai, his novels are a game space, an emotional space and an ideological space.