Vegetables and fruits should be changed frequently to ensure balanced nutrition. They shouldn't eat too much, but they should change it in time to avoid spoilage. Vegetables without spinach will have diarrhea. Vegetables should not be thrown directly into the cage. They should be clamped with small clips. The clip should be put outside the cage and the vegetables should be put in. Food must be hygienic and clean, without feces! The food box cannot be empty. Especially when he is not at home, he knows how much he has eaten. Take out cuttlefish bones (sold in pharmacies, don't hang them with thick wire), rope, paper, plastic products, some metal products and the like, and don't touch them! In addition: please pay attention to all the places they can touch: food, water, cages that can be removed (the food boxes, water tanks and perch poles you stepped on should be washed with salt water and dried before being put back, and parrot toys and feces trays should be cleaned every day). Fruits and vegetables should be washed clean, not rotten, and taken out in time! Before use, boil the incubator in boiling water for 3 hours, and then expose it to the sun for half a day. Things that are not resistant to high temperature can be washed with running water and dried in a ventilated place outdoors (chemicals should not be in direct or indirect contact! Don't eat it by mistake or get it in your eyes or nose! )。
You need to see the sun, but not directly, that is, not too strong. Sunlight promotes the synthesis of vitamin D and contributes to the absorption of calcium. Proper sunlight will kill bacteria and parasites on feathers. Keep the cage away from the gap in the window (no air leakage is allowed). The cage is on the wall (not the wall of the mountain). Watching TV flashes back and forth, and the parrot's pupils can't stand it. This will always scare them and even affect their descendants. Move the cage to a place where there is no light (including the refrigerator at night) and no abnormal noise. Don't let her smell tobacco, cooking oil smoke, paint and so on. Don't let them directly or indirectly contact with chemicals, eat by mistake or get into eyes! Birds are very sensitive to smells. Clean her drinking, food and rest poles every day. When the weather is fine, let Pippi come out and play indoors. Rinse it with salt water, dry it, and put it back. There is no dirt in the feces! Their companions will clean each other's feathers. Don't put it beside the heater in winter! It will do. Be careful not to have cracks in the window! Otherwise, the thief wind has a great influence on her!
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Introduction to nervous system diseases of birds
(1) Which symptoms reflect a problem with the nervous system?
A. epilepsy:
The bird twitched, couldn't keep its normal speed, and even fell off its perch. Sometimes the wings and feet will straighten out.
B. blindness:
If only one side is blind, sometimes the owner is not easy to detect the disease. If it is found that birds are easy to bump into objects when flying, one side of the pupil will not contract or enlarge, or will not move, which may be a symptom of blindness.
C paralysis of one or both sides, forelimbs or hind limbs:
If the bird's wings are found to be drooping (not caused by fracture or dislocation), even if it stands on the ground, its claws are curled together or its feet are unstable, it may be limb paralysis.
D. crooked head or torticollis:
Head and neck curled up to one side of the body, unable to maintain normal posture.
(2) What are the causes of nervous system diseases?
Due to the bottleneck of poultry diagnosis and treatment technology, not every neurological symptom can be cured. Owners have the responsibility to provide a balanced diet, avoid collisions and other accidents, and ensure a safe and non-toxic living environment. Possible causes and prevention methods of nervous system symptoms are as follows:
A. nutritional metabolism:
Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and lack of vitamin E, B 1, B2 and selenium may all lead to nervous system symptoms. Ensuring a balanced and normal diet for birds can prevent such diseases.
B. Poisoning:
Intake or inhalation of excessive lead, zinc, pesticides and gases generated by high temperature heating without touching the pot may cause neurological symptoms. Don't spray toxic gas near the bird's enclosure, don't let birds into the kitchen, and don't use cages containing lead and zinc to prevent such diseases.
C. infection:
Paramyxovirus disease, toxoplasmosis, parrot disease, aspergillosis and other diseases may cause neurological symptoms of infected birds. Newcomers only need to observe in isolation first, and poultry should not contact with wild birds and pigeons, which can prevent birds from getting this infectious disease.
D. collision:
Being hit by falling objects or hitting windows and walls at high speed during flight may cause brain, spinal cord or limb nerve damage. Providing a safe and reliable living environment can prevent this misfortune.
E. Egg-holding disease (egg sticking):
If the female bird in the breeding period has dystocia, she may be paralyzed by nerve compression. Avoiding the overweight of breeding birds, supplementing calcium and breeding after the body is fully mature can reduce the occurrence of egg stagnation.
F. Tumors:
This disease is not easy to prevent or treat.
Hydrocephalus, cerebral hemorrhage, spontaneous (unexplained), congenital or degenerative nervous system diseases can sometimes be found only after autopsy.
(3) How to treat it?
If the concentrations of calcium, blood sugar and lead in blood cannot be detected by computerized tomography, it is difficult to diagnose nervous system diseases in birds. Birds with epilepsy can be given diazepam or phenobarbital, and other diseases can be given supportive therapy such as infusion and electrolyte. Lead poisoning patients were given Kaideta.
Poisoning by heavy metals such as lead and zinc.
(1) What may cause lead poisoning?
Rust-proof paint, plants and soil contaminated by leaded gasoline, linoleum, leaded glass, jewelry and other accessories, lead coins or lead toys, lead hammers for fishing, etc.
(2) What are the clinical symptoms of lead poisoning?
Lead poisoning can be divided into acute and chronic types. Clinical symptoms include listlessness, extreme weakness, hemolysis, sudden fall from perch, Rachok color in stool, vomiting, polyuria, crooked neck, convulsion and epilepsy, and even death.
(3) Those things may cause zinc poisoning?
Zinc is a trace element needed by human body, but excessive intake of zinc will still lead to poisoning. Swallow zinc coins, bite zinc-containing white iron bird cages, or some metal chains, jewelry and other accessories.
(4) What are the clinical symptoms of zinc poisoning?
Include gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea, and nervous system symptoms such as hemolysis, depression or convulsion.
(5) Treatment of lead or zinc poisoning:
It is found that parrots can reduce the dose of gastrointestinal absorption by feeding activated carbon at the initial stage of eating heavy metals. If they are chronically poisoned, they need to take some drugs that can combine with heavy metals in the blood, such as DSMA or CaE injection.
For sick birds with severe poisoning, extremely weak constitution and difficult feeding, use a small rubber tube (1mm skin test syringe, and put a bicycle valve core with a length of about 15mm where the needle is placed. This can prevent the bird's mouth and throat from being injured. Syringes that are too big are too fast to be mastered. Every 24 hours (preferably not less than 6 times), the esophagus is fed with a syringe, and warm sucrose water or glucose solution is injected through a small tube.
Don't feed other foods until the sick birds recover gradually. After the detoxification work is completed, nursing is also a very important link in the rescue process. Sick birds have poor resistance, small appetite and are very afraid of cold. Be sure to do a good job in cold protection. Generally, sick birds are kept indoors, and the food is made of fresh and digestible non-granular materials. If the feces of sick birds are always thin, feed proper amount of oxytetracycline, yanbiqing and other drugs, and gradually increase the cellulose content in the feed to ensure adequate drinking water every day.
Birds with severe poisoning often show weakness in their legs and cannot stand up. If we only detoxify them and take no other measures, the tarsal joints will become stiff and unable to stand after being polished for a long time. Therefore, while detoxifying, we should help him stand up with some external forces. For example, put sick birds in the area surrounded by triangular plates to limit the activities of sick birds. At the same time, use a wide belt to pass through the lower part of the chest and abdomen of the sick bird and lift it gently so that its toes just land and stand. Through the above measures, the poisoned birds can recover within a few days.
Abnormal or deformed feet of young birds
Sometimes the owner will find that the feet of young birds look strange. For example, large parrots such as King Kong hang their legs, and young Bataans stand on their toes. The reasons leading to the development of this deformity are nothing more than the following:
(1) Fracture or dislocation,
(2) There is too little padding in the nest box, and the weight of the mother bird directly presses on the young bird.
(3) Fiber cloth such as towel is used as padding in the straw box, and as a result, the toes of young birds are hooked by fibers and deformed.
(4) There is no padding in the straw box, and the birds stand directly on the flat bottom of the box, or the padding can't provide normal grasping function for the young birds.
(5) unbalanced nutrition or lack of calcium and vitamin D, or unbalanced proportion of calcium and phosphorus,
(6) One side of the bone growth plate is closed prematurely, which makes the other side of the bone twist.
As long as most cases are found early, proper fixed correction is given, and nutrition and living environment are improved, young birds have a chance to return to normal. A few serious cases may require surgical correction.
Correction method: First trim the long or deformed toes, and then use breathable paper glue, gauze, bandage, resin gypsum or U-shaped aluminum plate (non-deformed plastic plate can also be used) to correct the deformed feet back to their original posture. It should be noted that the bandage should not be too tight, so as not to hinder blood circulation. For fast-growing large birds, you can take off the old bandage or aluminum plate every week and adjust it to a new size so as not to hinder the growth.
gout
(1) What is gout?
The pathological changes of white urate deposited in tissues and organs are called gout. Uric acid salt itself is harmless to tissue, but it may destroy the original function of tissue. Gout is divided into two types, one is acute visceral disease in which urate is deposited in organs such as liver, kidney, heart and air sac; The other is a chronic disease of urate deposition in joints and ligaments.
(1) Why do birds get gout?
The exact cause is unknown, but it is generally believed that gout may be caused by kidney disease, dehydration, excessive food intake in protein and genetic problems.
(3) Are those birds prone to gout?
Any old parrot can get gout, among which budgerigar is the most likely to get sick. As far as young birds are concerned, the red-bellied king kong is more likely to get this disease.
(4) What are the clinical symptoms of infected birds?
Depending on the location of urate deposition, birds may die suddenly due to heart and kidney failure, or have symptoms such as anorexia and mental depression. Symptoms of joint gout include joint swelling, limping due to pain, stiff behavior and so on.
(5) What is the treatment?
Traditionally, allopurinol can be given orally to sick birds, which can prevent further deposition of urate, but it has no effect on functionally degraded tissues.
(6) How to prevent gout?
Eat a balanced diet and avoid giving too much protein food; Supplementing vitamin A and drinking enough water can prevent birds from getting gout.