The Mayans believed in the sun god. They thought Ku Ku Ku Kun (a feathered snake) was the incarnation of the sun god. On the north-facing steps of Ku Ku Ku Kun Temple, they carefully carved a feathered snake. The snake head opens its mouth and sticks out its tongue, which is vivid. However, the snake's body is hidden on the cross section of the steps. Only in the afternoons of vernal equinox and autumnal equinox every year does the sun set in Ran Ran, and the light on the north wall gradually becomes angular. Those straight lines also changed into waves from top to bottom, like a flying python falling from the sky.

In the first period of ancient Indian mythology, that is, the Mayan culture period, Indians set up gods for various industries and things in addition to unconventional myths between tribes. Ancient Indians with thousands of gods established what they had, such as unknown creator, earth god, wind god, water god and fire god; Others are some people's exclusive mountains, rivers, lakes, trees, flowers and grains. The gods are constantly adjusting and changing according to a certain time series and people's wishes. As long as any god does not satisfy their wishes, he is not allowed to rule, or he can be abandoned. As the world grows older, as the Indians say, the old gods will be replaced by new ones. Today, in many Indian tribes, the ritual of "killing God" continues. At the ceremony of offering sacrifices to new gods, some gods of outdated or conquered tribes were marked on food and killed and eaten.

It is believed that the god they finally chose is the most important, noble and authoritative of all gods. In Indian mythology, God's rule over the secular world is not static, and God's duties will change from time to time. They will die, retire and take over power. According to the method used by Aztecs and Incas to calculate the age of the world according to the solar cycle, the last Indian solar year (the fifth) was counted from A.D. 1043, and most of old gods had already drowned in the sea, so they embraced many new gods to replace old gods.

Now let's look at the different characteristics of the three systems of Indian mythology.

Myth of Inca Empire: From the beginning to the end, the Inca Empire regarded the sun as the only god, and worshipped him in various forms: the Inca royal family and all those who gave the Inca name honored him as "the sun is my father", and the son of the sun was entrusted by God to take charge of secular affairs; He built temples for him, all of which were inlaid with gold foil, and provided him with various sacrifices and many gold and silver jewels to thank him for his gifts; Give one-third of all the cultivated land and the production on the land to the people as his property, so that there will be no hungry people and beggars in the empire; Build a secluded courtyard for his virgins (grandchildren) to live in.

In addition to the sun, they also sincerely worship Pachakamak as the supreme god they don't know, and respect him more than the sun; But they don't offer sacrifices to him or build temples. Although they didn't see him and he didn't appear, they believed in his existence. In short, the Inca king did not worship other gods except the last visible god and the last invisible god. Vilacocha, the son of the sun, was regarded as a new god after performing many miracles in the middle of the Inca Empire, ranking slightly higher than the Inca kings. In addition, wind, rain and thunder are regarded as servants of the sun, and the moon is regarded as the wife and sister of the sun and the mother of the Inca king.

Stars are treated with courtesy because they are the maids of the Sun and Moon officials. These myths have been told to the whole empire by law, so that they have penetrated into all aspects of life, from political life to foreign conquest and even the lives of ordinary people, and are intertwined with historical reality, which is extremely difficult to distinguish. In this way, the hundred-year history of the Incas was spent in mythology until they perished in the shadow of God's curse and revelation.

Aztec myth: Aztecs believe in many gods, and the shapes of gods are recorded in sculpture and painting documents. They believe that God is the fundamental force that produces natural phenomena; At the same time, the relationship between god's world and secular world is also formed in the way of cosmology, so although there are many gods, under the fusion of the only supreme god who is "unknown but invisible", a complete mythical religious system like Inca can still be formed.

In addition to this godless god, the Lord God can be roughly divided into a group related to heaven, hunting and god of war, a group related to land and farming, and a group that mediates contradictions. Among the gods related to the sky, the combination of the god of war Keiko Bochetelli and the eagle is the symbol of the sun during the day; The combination of the dark god Distrippoca and the leopard is a symbol of the night sun and secular kingship; The intermediary incarnates Shen Feng thousands of times, sometimes as a patron saint, sometimes as a Venus god, sometimes as a creator god, sometimes as a cultural god or a cultural hero god.

Quetzel Koyatel, the opposition Quetzel Koyatel is the most admired. The Aztecs believed that the dispute between Kezkel Koyatel and Dierske Trippolka caused the creation and destruction of the world four times. Therefore, the Aztec myth is full of unfinished complex interwoven with the joy of creation and the fear of flooding, which may be related to his profound contradiction of advocating war and longing for peace and sacrificing the bloodthirsty nature of the living. It was in this irreconcilable mythological contradiction that the Aztec Empire came into being, and it died out in the mythical contradiction eager for reconciliation. As far as the Aztecs are concerned, are history and mythology related to this? This needs expert discussion, and I don't want to say anything.

The pyramid of the sun and the Moon Pyramid are altars for religious ceremonies. Pyramid of the sun is a place where ancient Indians offered sacrifices to the sun god. It has a magnificent trapezoidal building, facing east and west, with hundreds of steps on the front leading to the top. The base address of the tower is 225m long, 222m wide and 66m high. * * * There are five floors in total, and the volume is 1 10,000 cubic meters. It is roughly equivalent to the Egyptian pyramid of khufu, basically square, and it faces the southeast, northwest and four directions. The four sides of the tower are also equilateral triangles with the word "gold", and the ratio of the bottom to the height of the tower is exactly equal to the ratio of the perimeter to the radius. The interior is made of mud and sand, and the exterior of each step is inlaid with huge slate from bottom to top, and colorful patterns are carved on the slate. At the top of the tower, there is a temple of the sun, which has been destroyed. According to the textual research of Spanish historians in18th century, the temple is magnificent. The tall statue of the sun stood in the center of the altar, facing the east, dignified and serious, wearing countless ornaments of gold, silver and precious stones on his chest. The sun shines into the temple, and it shines with dazzling light, which makes people respect. At that time, people killed people here to sacrifice to the sun god.

In the myth of North American Indians, the great god and divine power are contained in every creature in nature. Flowers, trees, birds and animals in nature all have their own souls, and they are endowed with mysterious power in the dark. The creation myths of various ethnic groups in India reveal the original reason why all things contain gods. In those myths, the world and human beings were either created by animals with divine power or by gods with the help of animals. In Iroquois mythology, "Arvinhay Tasika, the mother of human ancestors, fell from the upper boundary where animals lived, and with the help of some animals (beavers, muskrats, otters and turtles), she was placed in the Yinghai Sea; Among them, muskrats dive to the bottom of the water, pick up a mass of soil and put it on the turtle's back; Because of the origin of land, the mud mass is getting bigger and bigger. " In Akomawi mythology, coyotes and eagles created the world together. "Coyotes created mountains, but they were not high enough, and eagles piled up ridges again. The eagle flew over it, its feathers fell to the ground, took root and sprouted, and grew clusters of trees. The tiny cilia became shrubs and other plants. " The coyote and the fox made a man, and then he went to the west to make a fire. In Arjuna mythology, after the world was washed away by the flood, Michael sent muskrats to find enough soil to rebuild the earth, and later married them and gave birth to human beings. The protagonists of these creation myths are all animals, not indomitable gods or heroes like Pangu, Nu Wa and Prometheus. Animals themselves are gods. They created the world, created human beings, and then they lived in nature, among people, and lived with people day and night.

In many Indian myths, people and everything with gods not only exist, but also can be deformed and interchanged. Northwest Indians have a myth called "crows steal the sun". It is said that a long time ago, there was no light in the world, and the sun and the moon were hidden at home by an old man who lived on the top of the mountain. Crow hears people's complaints and wants to do something good for the world. So when the old man's daughter was drinking water, the crow turned into a tiny pine needle, entered the girl's stomach and became a human figure. Ten months later, the girl gave birth to a fat boy in vain. The boy is growing fast and healthy. One night, the old man and his daughter fell asleep, and the child climbed out of the chimney with the moon and the sun. After the old man found it, he pursued it, and the child, running all the way, stumbled repeatedly. Finally, he had to throw the sun and moon into the sky, showing his true colors and flying away. In this myth, crows have all the characteristics of human beings. They can not only think and talk like human beings, but also change invisibly. The slinkers have a myth about their ancestor "Avery": Avery's mother gave birth to him because she swallowed bird's nest. Avery can become a bird and fly in the sky with a bird's skin, while her mother can swim in the sea with a duck's skin. In Aleutian mythology, people can be transformed into swallows, bears, beavers and raptors. The nature in North American Indian mythology is not dead, it is full of vitality, and all life has soul and divine power. In this unpredictable, mysterious and unknown world, people and everything are transformed into each other. You have me and I have you.

The blending of man and everything is also vividly manifested in the copulation and fertility of man and other species. There are many stories about "husband bear" and "husband dog" in northwest Indian mythology. The story of a bear husband tells the story of an Indian woman who was taken away by a black bear and forced to marry the son of a black bear leader and give birth to two children. A few years later, the woman was rescued, and her two children returned with her and remained in human form forever. They are strong and become heroes in the clan. In the myth of a dog husband, a young woman's pet dog became human and had sex with a woman. Later, the woman gave birth to five puppies. After many twists and turns, all five puppies have become people. When they grow up, they become good warriors in the tribe because of the power of God and the quality of dogs. These two myths emphasize the equal relationship between man and animals. Humans appreciate the survival ability of animals in nature and fear the soul and divine power of animals. At the same time, human beings are also eager to have special essence and strength like some animals.

Cherokee Indians have a myth about cedar: Once upon a time, Cherokee people only lived on the earth, and they thought life would be better without night. So, the creator took back the night. However, it didn't take long for the weather to get hotter and hotter, making it difficult for people to sleep, becoming more irritable and quarreling with each other. People found that their choice was wrong, so they asked the creator to take back the day and leave only the night. The creator loves human beings and thinks that maybe human beings are right, so he agrees to their demands. Before long, the weather became colder and colder, plants stopped growing, people were hungry and cold, and many people died. Only then did people realize that they had made another big mistake and begged the creator to alternate day and night again, so that people's lives could be restored to balance. The creator made a tree and put the souls of people who died in the long night into it. This tree is called Cedar.

There is a myth of elk and hunter among Wasikou people: the patron saint of young people is a god elk, who often helps him, but in order to show his ability, he is not allowed to kill creatures. Later, the young man became an excellent hunter, but he never hit anything he needed. However, this restraint of young people is always scolded and laughed at by his father. Later, the young man changed. He killed more and more people and even killed his patron saint. The god moose pretended to fall into the lake, and when the hunter dragged it in the water, it sank with the moose. At the bottom of the lake, the hunter saw many animals he killed. They all became people.

Groaning and complaining. The Elk God said to him, "You have lost your way. I have decided to leave you and never be your patron saint again. " After returning home, the hunter slept for five days and nights. After waking up, he spoke the last sentence of his life in despair: "My patron saint abandoned me. So, I deserve to die, too

Descendants of the Sun and the Lost Golden Empire

"Friends, guys! Here is slavery, hunger, nakedness, rainstorm, desolation and death; Everywhere is relaxed and happy, and everywhere is gold. Let's choose! What should brave Castilians do? If you ask me, I will go to the south, Inca! "

Spanish colonist Pizarro, 1527 Gallo Island In the era of great western navigation, the Inca kingdom in South America was said to be a magical empire, and the king wore a new golden coat every day. This legend has spread so widely and for so long that we still associate the Inca with the Golden Empire today. The word "Inca" originally meant "descendants of the sun" in Hindi.

According to Inca mythology, the world was created by the Supreme God Pachakamak (in Quechua, "Pachakamak" means "the person who gave life to the world"). He created the first human beings and birds and animals in chaos. Pachakamak chose the sun god Contira Yasiyoshi from among the gods, with Venus as the forerunner and lightning as the servant; Kylias, the goddess of the moon, shines at night, and seven stars follow around as servants, and Kylias is allowed to take out three gods from each month to manage the affairs of the Sun Palace in order to do a good job as a housewife. He also ordered the sun and the moon to run alternately from east to west, and agreed that when the first ray of sunlight from the sun shone into the small cave on the island of Lake Titicaca, it was the beginning of new human life.

After all this work was completed, Pachakamak carved many stone statues according to the appearance of people in what is now Diajonaco. There are stone statues of ordinary people, stone statues of leaders who will lead these people in the future, stone statues of many pregnant women and women with children, and stone statues of many babies who are still in the cradle. All these are made of stone. He put these stone statues aside, and then, on the other side, he also made many stone heads. Then, the gods were instructed to carve their names on stone statues, tell them who should live in which areas and reproduce, and agreed to regard them as their idols before the sons of the sun enlightened them ... In this way, when the sun rose in the east, the first ray of sunshine lit up the small cave on Lake Titicaca, and a group of new life was born in this world.

For a long time after the birth of human beings, they still lived like wild animals, neither forming a fixed village nor having their own religion. I don't even know how to farm, domesticate and graze, dress and cover myself. They live in groups in caves, crevices and burrows, devouring wild fruits and animals like wild animals, and devouring each other for food like carnivores. The sun walks in the sky every day, and seeing people living like this, it has been pitying them, but the time is not ripe. It was not until he saw that human beings had multiplied to a certain number that he decided to send him and his son Manqu Qhapaq and his daughter and mother Oklo from heaven to earth, so that they could discipline human beings to know their father, the sun, and worship him as a god in heaven. Teach them a civilized way of life, let people have houses to live in, live in villages, teach them to farm and sow, raise livestock and enjoy the fruits given by the earth, become rational people and stop living like wild animals.

After giving this instruction, the sun god sent his two children to Lake Titicaca, because it was the place where his first light shone and people who needed them gathered there to worship them. After the sun sent his children to the cave on the island, he gave them a golden staff and asked them to try the land under their feet with it wherever they went. Assuming that the golden staff could be inserted at once, they stopped there, because that was the place that Pachakamak chose for them, where they established towns and dynasties until their descendants completed their mission! "In this way, the son of the sun, the Inca king Manqu Qhapaq, and the daughter and queen of the sun, Ocelo, led their Inca princes and the first subjects. Three months after the first sacrifice to the sun god, they embarked on a long journey to find a blessed land and establish a foundation. They left the holy lake and headed north. Everywhere I go, I stop to try the land under my feet with a gold stick, but I just can't get in. In this way, they came to the cave site 30 kilometers away from today's city of cuzco. One day, Manco Capac, the Inca king, came out of the cave just as the sun was rising, so he named the cave Bakarek Tang Bo (meaning "the window to meet the sun").

The king ordered the first village to be built there. Until now, people here are still showing off this name, because it was named by the first Inca king himself. From there, he and the queen led the crowd to Cuzco Valley.

After entering the valley, their first stop was at the foot of Gua Nakuri Mountain in downtown Cuzco. The Inca king put the golden staff into the ground and easily put it into the ground. In the cheers of the crowd, the descendants of the sun god established the first Inca Empire here. Throughout the Inca Empire, from the Inca king to the lower classes, Kontila Ya was regarded as the only god, and his worship was varied: the Inca royal family and all those who gave the Inca name respected him as "Sun My Father", and the son of the Sun was entrusted by God to take charge of secular affairs; He built temples for him, all of which were inlaid with gold foil, and provided him with various sacrifices and many gold and silver jewels to thank him for his gifts; Give one-third of all the cultivated land and the production on the land to the people as his property, so that there will be no hungry people and beggars in the empire; Build a temple of the sun for him to live in (according to Inca custom, women of royal descent are strictly selected to serve the sun god in the name of their wives and handle daily sacrifices. At most, the number of people reached 1500, and they could never leave the palace.

In addition to the sun, the descendants of the sun god also sincerely worship Pachakamak, an unknown supreme god, and respect him more than the sun; But they don't offer sacrifices to him or build temples. Although they didn't see him and he didn't appear, they believed in his existence. People worship him in their hearts, and his name can only be recited in their hearts and understood with extremely solemn expressions, but it cannot be expressed in words. In short, the Inca king did not worship other gods except the last visible god and the last invisible god.

Vilacocha, the son of the sun, was regarded as a new god after performing many miracles in the middle of the Inca Empire, ranking slightly higher than the Inca kings. In addition, wind, rain and thunder are regarded as servants of the sun, and the moon is regarded as the wife and sister of the sun and the mother of the Inca king. Stars are treated with courtesy because they are the maids of the Sun and Moon officials. All these have been told to the whole empire through laws, so that these myths have penetrated into all aspects of life, from political life to foreign conquest and even the lives of ordinary people, and are intertwined with historical reality, which is extremely difficult to distinguish.

In this way, the hundred-year history of the Incas was spent in mythology until they perished in the shadow of God's curse and revelation. What a rich country this is. Everything in other nations is made of black iron, and the Incas are all made of gold. There is a square in the center of Cuzco, the capital of the Inca Empire, where religious ceremonies and festivals are held, and the Sun Temple is built here. This is a huge building decorated with gold and precious stones. The auditorium is covered with gold plates from the corner to the roof and decorated with gorgeous carpets. There is a row of golden thrones on each side, which is the mummy of the late King Chen Fang. The garden of the temple is called the "golden garden". All the flowers, birds and plants in the garden are made of gold and silver.

It is said that when Spanish colonists first set foot in this garden, they thought that these vivid and lifelike animals and plants grew naturally. From the 0/3rd century A.D./KLOC, the Incas gradually expanded outward with Cuzco as the center. During the reign of PaCeacu and his successor Tupac Youfanji, the conquered land became wider and wider, and the Inca Empire occupied an area larger than that of Peru today. /kloc-The Inca Empire reached its peak before the 6th century, with Peru as the center, including a part of northern Colombia, most of Ecuador, most of Bolivia and northwest Argentina. With a population of more than 6 million, it has become an unprecedented power in America and is known as the "Romans of the New World". However, in this peaceful scene of peace and tranquility, people live and work in peace and contentment, there is an ominous sign hidden.

The eighth generation of the Inca, Wang Wei La Cocha, was divined by the sun god: "After some of them ruled for a period of time, people who have never seen before will come to that land, where all idols will be abolished and their empire will be sealed up." However, the terrible prophecy of Vera Cocha, the Inca king, was soon forgotten by the Inca kings, because they not only found no clues to fulfill the prophecy, but on the contrary, their empire became stronger and stronger, and their national strength became stronger and stronger. As a result, they not only began to doubt the accuracy of the prediction of King Veracocha, who they have always regarded as a god, but also doubted the divinity of Sun's father, and even often showed a casual appearance during the sacrifice, which was forbidden by kings of all dynasties and intensified, greatly scaring the Inca royal family. What scares them even more is that with this blasphemy, ominous signs come one after another. When the 12 generation Inca King Vaina Capac arrived, this disrespect and ominous sign became obvious.

King Vaina Capac established the northern boundary of the empire after inheriting the throne and conquering the Kitu kingdom, and the daughter of King Nakitu became a princess, so she ordered the withdrawal. After the soldiers were demobilized, he went to Cuzco, where he toured the imperial governors and provinces, gave gifts to those in need and upheld justice. The trip lasted several years. One year, he returned to Cuzco on time and held a grand ceremony called "Remy", which lasted for nine days. One day, the Inca king looked around the sun casually or for a long time, as his parents often did for generations. The supreme priest rebuked: "the unique monarch, look what you are doing!" Now let's get together and show your father the piety and worship they deserve, just like the unique supreme master. It is disgusting to look at our father, Sun God, which was forbidden by our ancestors. What you did was not only illegal, but also set a bad precedent for the Qing Dynasty and even the whole empire. "

Vaina Capac turned to his uncle and said, "Before I answer what you just said, I want to ask you two questions. I am your king and master of the world. Who dares to ask me to get up from my seat and walk a long way? " "Who is brave enough to run amok like this?" The priest replied. "If I order one of my subjects to rush to the pool immediately, no matter how rich and powerful the chief is, will he disobey my order?" "No, Inca king, even if you order his death, no one dares to disobey the sacred command." Then, the Inca king replied, "Then I want to tell you that our father, the sun god, must have a nobler and more powerful master than him." The owner may be Pachakamak, who ordered him to walk so far without stopping every day. If he is the supreme master, even if he doesn't want it at all, he will stop and rest according to his own wishes. " With these words, Vaina Capac, the Inca king, left his fears to his princes and began his last trip. Shortly thereafter, Vaina Capac, the Inca king, finally planted a curse of total extinction for the Inca empire and the Inca royal family buried in Japan, and the curse of the sun god on the unworthy descendants began to come true.

Vaina Capac, the Inca king, and the Queen of Kitu Kingdom had a son named Atahualpa. When the children grow up, they are smart, sophisticated, cautious, brave and handsome, and they are deeply loved by the Inca kings and have always been with them. The Inca king wanted to bequeath the whole empire to him, but he could not deprive his eldest son and legitimate heir, Vascal Inca. He violated the teachings of his ancestors, gave him the kingdom of Kitu through some legal coat, and intended to return it to its original owner. He also added several provinces to him and stayed in some battle-hardened lords and some well-trained troops to work for him and accompany him. In short, he made every effort to create all favorable conditions for Atahualpa, even if it harmed the interests of the Crown Prince. What he has done shows that he is a father who loves his son more than anything else. So, after his death, Atahualpa usurped the Inca throne of his brother Vascar and slaughtered the Inca royal family, thus preparing enough death squads and bloodthirsty butcher knives. When King Vaina Capac was busy with the construction of Tumi Pampa's palace and the land of his kingdom, news suddenly came that some foreigners who had never seen it in the local area were sailing in the coastal areas of his empire in small boats, trying to find out where it was. The news made the king anxious again. He couldn't help thinking of an ancient Oracle handed down by kings of past dynasties, saying that after the Inca king was replaced, some strangers who had never seen it would go there, seize their throne and destroy their empire and idols. Three years before this sign appeared, a strange thing happened in Cuzco. As an omen cursed by the sun god, it shocked Vaina Capac and frightened the whole empire.

In addition to the great things that the Incas got from witchcraft and heard from the devil, they also saw terrible comets in the sky. One of them is very big, its green light is terrible, and its light falls right on the palace of the Inca king. In addition, there are many strange signs and signs that surprise the wise men, wizards and priests in their religion. These people are closely related to ghosts and gods. They have predicted that King Vaina Capac will die soon and his royal family will be destroyed by bloody slaughter after his death. The empire will fall into the hands of others, and there will be other catastrophes and misfortunes, and everyone and individuals will be doomed. But they dare not disclose these situations, lest people panic. Sure enough, in the sixth year after his death, King Atahualpa of Kitu, in the name of offering sacrifices to the former king and pledging allegiance to the Inca king, launched a civil war to imprison his younger brother, Vascal, usurped the Inca throne, lied about discussing state affairs and resetting Vascal, summoned all members of the royal family within four generations, including Inca princes and provincial governors, and captured them alive and slaughtered them. At this point, the descent of the son of the sun has disappeared. The infighting seriously weakened the Inca Empire itself, which coincided with the invasion of South America by Spanish colonists.

1532165438+1015, the Spanish colonist Pizarro occupied Cajamarca, a major town in northern Inca, and sent envoys to ask for an audience with Atahualpa. The next afternoon, accompanied by some unarmed nobles, the Inca king arrived in Cajamarca in a golden sedan chair. However, Pizarro has already set a trap. After Atahualpa refused Pizarro's rude request to baptize them according to Christianity, Pizarro ordered the ambush to rush into the meeting place from all directions according to the agreed signal. The trampling sound of Spanish cavalry, the smoke and sound of matchlock guns made the unprepared Incas dizzy, and the Incas who died of shooting or squeezing blocked every exit. After Atahualpa, the last Inca king, was unfortunately arrested, Pizarro demanded a huge ransom from him. It is stipulated that the conditions for release are that the room (that is, Atahualpa's cell) with a length of 22 feet, a width of 17 feet and a height of 9 feet must be filled with gold, and in addition, the two huts next to the cell should also be filled with silver. In order to rescue the king, the Incas transported the treasures of the royal family and the gold and silver vessels in temples around the world to Cajamarca overnight. However, when the extorted gold and silver were confiscated, Pizarro treacherously announced Atahualpa's twelve "charges" of murdering his brother, worshipping ghosts, committing adultery and murdering Spaniards, and hanged him on 1533. Since then, Pizarro has sent troops to invade various parts of the Inca. 165438+ 10. On the day he invaded Cusco, the capital of the Inca, he sent someone to rob the Temple of the Sun. The Spanish mob not only plundered the wealth of the Incas, but also destroyed all kinds of works of art and valuable materials at will. In order to facilitate shipment, the invaders melted a large number of metal handicrafts into gold bars and shipped them back to Spain.

An Inca "secret book" written on a gold plate, which was mastered by priests, was also destroyed in this catastrophe. Since then, the once brilliant golden empire has become a province of the Spanish empire. The ominous prediction of the eighth generation Inca Wangweilacocha has come true. Spaniards never seen by Incas came to their land, the sun god revered by Incas was overthrown, the whole Inca kingdom was looted by colonists, and many historical sites, temples and graves were all destroyed. The descendants of the sun god were killed and cruelly squeezed, and the population dropped sharply from 6 million before the invasion to 15701500 thousand.

Time is an eternal river, and the tides cover up the glory of the past. During hundreds of years of colonial rule, civilization suffered a devastating blow, and myths and legends were eliminated as "heresies" and generally regarded as taboos. Precious records are burned as "the work of the devil" and are rarely preserved. History has become a myth and is gradually forgotten in the passage of time. But it has been circulating for hundreds of years, and its flavor still exists, which shows its strong internal vitality. Especially in1at the end of the 8th century1at the beginning of the 9th century, the independent movement representing the awakening of national consciousness and the cultural root-seeking movement of "seeking national characteristics" were endowed with special significance, which was called Indian descent by asturias, a magical realist writer, and produced great power in the real struggle.