He is a native of Zhao, and his ancestors are descendants of Tian's family in Qi. I like fencing, and I used to learn the theories of Huang and Lao in my residence. Uncle Tian is proud of his honesty. I like to make friends with respected people. Zhao recommended him to Wu Zhao in Zhao Xiang, who praised Zhang Ao in Wang Zhao and appointed him as a doctor. After several years in power, he was upright, honest and fair. Much as Wang Zhao appreciates him, he has no time to promote him.

During the rebellion, Emperor Gaozu punished him in the seventh year of the Han Dynasty (the first 200 years) and offered food to Zhang Ao of Zhao He. Etiquette is very respectful, but Emperor Gaozu sat proudly with his legs crossed and cursed him. At that time, dozens of people, such as Zhao Xiang and Wu Zhao, were angry about this and said to Zhang Ao of Wang Zhao: "You served the emperor with complete etiquette, but now you are treated like this, and we demand rebellion." The prince of Zhao bit his finger, bleeding profusely, and said, "My father lost his country. Without your majesty, there will be maggots when we die. How can you say such a thing? " Stop talking! So Guan Gao said, "The prince of Zhao is a loyal minister and refuses to live up to the emperor's kindness. "They secretly plotted to kill the emperor. Things were discovered, and the Han Dynasty ordered the arrest of Zhao Haoqi and his accomplices. So Wu Zhao and others committed suicide, and only Guan Gao was willing to go to prison. At this time, the Han Dynasty issued another imperial edict, saying, "Zhao is guilty of following the king of Zhao to Beijing and the three clans. "Only Shu Meng, Shutianhe and a dozen other people wore auburn prison clothes, shaved their hair and wore torture devices around their necks. They pretended to be slaves from Wang Zhao and followed Zhang Ao from Wang Zhao to Chang 'an. When Guan Gao rebelled, Zhang Ao, the king of Zhao, was released from prison and was deposed as the Emperor Xuanping, and more than 10 people praised Shu Tian. The emperor summoned all of them and talked with them. He believes that no minister in North Korea can surpass them. The emperor was very happy and appointed them as county ministers or princes. Shu Tian was the leader of Hanzhong for more than ten years, and died after he reached the peak. The princes made an insurrection, and their ministers killed them, thus establishing Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.

After Emperor Wendi ascended the throne, he summoned Shu Tian and asked him, "Sir, do you know who is the most loyal elder in the world?" Uncle Tian replied: "Where can I know!" The emperor said, "Mr. Wang is an elder and should be able to know." Shu Tian kowtowed and said, "The satrap of Yunzhong County, Shu Meng, is an elder." At that time, Shu Meng violated the criminal law because he was unable to resist the Xiongnu border robbery. Yunzhong County was robbed especially seriously and was dismissed. Emperor Wen said, "The late emperor made Shu Meng the satrap of Yunzhong County for more than ten years. Only when the Huns invaded, Shu Meng failed to hold on and let hundreds of soldiers die for no reason. Should elders kill people? How can Mr. Shu Meng be called an elder? " Shu Tian kowtowed and replied, "That's why Shu Meng is an elder. Through the rebellion of the higher people, the emperor issued a clear imperial edict, and Zhao dared to imitate Zhang Ao's human crimes and the three major families. However, he shaved off his hair and neck with instruments of torture, and followed Prince Ao to where he was going to die for him. Where did he expect to be the prefect of Yunzhong County? After a long confrontation between Han and Chu, the soldiers were exhausted and miserable. Attila just conquered Beiyi with (Mi, Mo) Dun (Du, Nian) and came to our frontier to do harm. Shu Meng knew that the soldiers were tired and miserable, and he couldn't bear to order them to fight again. Soldiers go into cities to fight to the death, just as their sons fight for their fathers and their younger brothers fight for their brothers. Hundreds of people died because of this. Shu Meng deliberately drove them to fight! This is why Shu Meng is an elder. " So the emperor said, "Shu Meng is really virtuous!" So he called Shu Meng the prefect of Yunzhong County.

A few years later, Shu Tian lost his post as Hanzhong County Magistrate for violating the law. Liang Xiaowang sent someone to assassinate former Dongwu Prime Minister Yuan Ang, and Han Jing recalled Shu Tian to Liang to investigate the case. Shu Tian found out all the facts of the case and reported to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Emperor Jing of Han said, "Did King Liang send someone to assassinate Yuan Ang?" Answer: "I committed a capital crime!" Liang Wang has that thing! " The emperor said, "Is there any evidence of guilt?" Uncle Tian said, "The emperor should not ask Liang Wang." The emperor said, "Why?" Shu Tian said, "Now, if King Liang doesn't obey the law, he will be executed. This is because the criminal law of the Han Dynasty could not be implemented. " If he dies at the mercy of the law, the queen mother will not eat well and sleep well. This is your worry again! Emperor Han Jingdi appreciated him very much and made him the Prime Minister of Lu.

No sooner had Shu Tian arrived than 100 people took the initiative to find him and accused Lu Wang of being in charge of finance. Uncle Tian robbed the top 20 people, each took 50 boards, and the others clapped their hands for 20. He said to them angrily, "Isn't King Lu your monarch? How dare you slander the monarch! " King Lu was very ashamed when he heard this, so he took money from the state treasury and asked Guo Xiang to repay it. Shu Tian said, "The king took it himself and let the country repay it. This is because the king did bad things and the country did good things. The state cannot participate in repayment. " So King Lu returned all the money to the people.

The king of Lu likes hunting, and Shu Tian often follows him to the hunting park. King Lu always lets him rest in the house. Shu Tian goes out of the garden and often sits outdoors waiting for King Lu. King Lu sent someone to ask him to have a rest many times, but he refused to take a rest after all, saying, "We King Lu are exposed in the garden, how can I go to the building alone!" " "To this end, the king of Lu stopped hunting on a large scale.

A few years later, Shu Tian died in the post of "xianggong" in Lu, and the king of Lu gave him one hundred catties of gold as a sacrifice. The youngest son, Ren Tian, refused to accept it and said, "You can't damage my father's reputation because of a hundred pounds of gold."

Because of his strong body, Ren Tiancheng became a guest of General Wei Qing. Follow him to attack the Huns many times. General Wei recommended and praised Ren Tian, who became a doctor. A few years later, he served as prime minister with a salary of 2000 stone, and then lost his position. Later, he was sent to Henan, Hedong and Hanoi to inspect and picket. The emperor visited the East, and Ren Tian had a wonderful time. The emperor was very happy and appointed him captain Jingfu. After more than a month, the emperor promoted him to the director of the company. A few years later, he was implicated in the prince's rebellion. At that time, Liu Quli, the left prime minister, personally led the army to crusade against the prince, and ordered the governor to be responsible for guarding the city gate any day. Because Ren Tian let the prince escape from the city gate and committed a crime, he was tried by the judge and sentenced to death. When leading troops to Changling, Changling ordered the car to report the rebellion and was executed by genocide. Hongcheng now belongs to Zhongshan State.

Tai Shigong said: Confucius said with praise that "if you live in this country, you will definitely participate in its government affairs". Shu Tian also said such a thing! He was virtuous and never forgot his virtue, so that the beauty of the king was carried forward and the fault of the king was corrected. I have a good relationship with Ren Tian, so I put Shu Tian Ren Tian together to describe it.

Mr. Chu said: When I was an assistant minister, I had long heard that I had a good relationship with Ren An. Ren An is from Xingyang. When I was a child, I became an orphan and lived in poverty. I drove to Chang 'an for others and stayed. I want to be a small official. Without the opportunity, I learned to estimate and record the household registration and the population of some places. Martial arts is in a small county town to the west of Fufeng, and there is a plank road leading to Shu behind the valley. Ren An thinks Wudu is a small county town. Because there is no big family, it is easy to improve its status, so he stays as a thief instead of others. Later, I became a director of the exhibition hall. Everyone in the county is out hunting. Ren An often distributes prey such as elk, pheasants and rabbits to people, and reasonably arranges the elderly, children and able-bodied men to go to hard or easy places. Everyone was very happy and said, "It doesn't matter. Analyze things, distinguish right from wrong, be fair and wise. " There will be another meeting tomorrow, and hundreds of people will attend. Ren Dui said, "So-and-so's son is called A, why not come?" Everyone is surprised at the speed at which he knows people. Later, he was appointed as a villager, recommended as a near official, and presided over township affairs.

He was also appointed as a local official and enjoyed a salary of 300 stone to manage the people. Because the emperor didn't do anything to supply the curtain during the inspection, he was removed from his official position.

After that, I became a guest of General Wei Qing, together with Tian Ren, and lived in the general's house. They are close and friendly. Both of them are poor at home and have no money to buy off the general's housekeeper, who asked them to feed their master's fierce horse. They slept in the same bed, and Ren Tianping said quietly, "I don't understand people, this housekeeper!" " "Ren An said," The general still doesn't understand people, let alone a housekeeper. "On one occasion, General Wei asked them to follow him to visit Princess Pingyang, and the princess's family asked them to eat on the mat with riding slaves. The two men drew their swords and split the mat, and sat apart from the slave rider. Everyone in the princess's family was surprised and disgusted with them, and no one dared to yell at them.

Later, the emperor issued an imperial edict to recruit and choose the servants of General Wei as his attendants. The general selected rich people from his servants, asked them to prepare pommel horses, crimson clothes and swords, and then reported to the palace. One day, a young doctor came to visit General Wei, and General Wei called the recommended guests. Zhao Yu asked them in turn, and none of the dozen people was wise and resourceful. Zhao Yu said: "I heard that there must be talents in the general's family who can be generals." The old book says,' If you don't know the monarch, look at the people he appoints, don't know anyone, and look at the friends he makes.' Now the emperor ordered the recommendation of the general's public guests, just to see how many virtuous people and civil and military talents the general could get. Now, we just choose the children of rich people to report. These people have no wisdom, just like puppets in gorgeous clothes. what are you going to do？ So he called in more than 100 Wei men and asked them one by one. He found Ren Tianhe and Ren An and said, "Only these two people can be appointed, and the rest can't be appointed." General Wei was very angry when he saw that the two men were pitiful. After Zhao Yu left, he said to both of them, "Each of them should prepare a saddle and a new crimson dress." The two replied: "There is nothing at home." General Wei was angry and said, "Since you two are poor, why do you say such things?" The look of injustice seems to have been very good to me. Why? "General Wei had no choice but to write a report to let the emperor know. The emperor issued an imperial edict to summon the guests of General Wei, and the two men went to visit him. When the emperor summoned them, he asked them about their intelligence and asked them to recommend and evaluate each other. Ren Tian replied: "Holding a drumstick and standing at the gate of the army, I would rather let my men die in battle. Ren An replied: "I am not as good as Ren Tian at judging people, distinguishing right from wrong, distinguishing courtiers, and making the people have no complaints." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty smiled and said, "Good! Liu Bei said, "Ren An is in charge of the northern army, and Ren Tian is in charge of the grain reclamation in the border villages of the Yellow River. These two men became famous in the world at once.

Later, he was appointed as the secretariat of Yizhou, and Ren Tian was the prime minister's long history.

Ren Tianzeng wrote to the emperor and said, "Many officials in all counties in the world, especially in the Three Rivers (Hexi, Hedong and Hanoi), have acted for personal gain. I asked to inspect the Sanhe area first. The satrap of Sanhe area once favored eunuchs as backers in the capital, which was related to the three fairs (prime minister, Qiu, and physician). There is nothing to be afraid of. We should first correct the satrap of the Three Rivers to warn the officials with bad conduct in the world. " At that time, the Governor of Hexi County and the Governor of Hanoi County were relatives of Du Zhou, an ancient imperial adviser, and the Governor of Hedong County was a descendant of Shi Qing, the prime minister. At this time, nine Shi Jia family officials enjoyed a salary of 2,000 stone, and they were in the momentum of prosperity. Ren Tian wrote many times to talk about this matter. Doctor Du Zhou and Shi sent someone to apologize and said to Tian, "I dare not talk nonsense. I hope that Shao Qing will not defile us with false accusations. " After Ren Tian inspected the inspector Sanhe, the Sanhe magistrate was sent to the judge for trial and execution. When Ren Tian reported to North Korea, Emperor Wu was very happy. He thinks Ren Tian is very talented and is not afraid of violence and powerful people. He appointed Ren Tian as Prime Minister, and his prestige shocked the world.

Later, Ren Tian met the prince's rebellion, and the Prime Minister personally led the army and ordered Si Zhitian to guard the city gate. Ren Tian thought that the prince and the emperor were close relatives of the same flesh and blood and didn't want to get involved in the conflict between their father and son, so he left the city gate and went to various graves so that the prince could escape from the city gate. At this time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent an ancient imperial doctor to ask the Prime Minister, "Why did you let the prince escape?" The prime minister replied, "I directly ordered the company to guard the city gate, but he opened the door and let the prince go." The suggestion doctor reported it to the emperor and asked for permission to arrest him. Si Zhi was sent to the judge for interrogation and then executed.

At this time, Ren An served as the escort of the Union Army. The prince stopped outside the south gate of the northern government soldiers, summoned Ren An, gave him Jeff, and ordered him to mobilize the northern government soldiers. Ren An bowed down and accepted Jeff. After going in, he closed the military door and never came out. Hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty thought that Ren An was pretending to keep a festival and refused to go with the prince, which puzzled him. Ren An once slapped and humiliated the petty officials in charge of money in the northern army. The little official took the opportunity to write a report, exposing his acceptance of Prince Jeff, and the prince also said, "I hope to give me a good army." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty read the report and said, "This is a seasoned official. When he saw the prince rebelling, he wanted to sit still and watch the victory and defeat, and whoever won promised to obey. He changed his mind. Ren An committed many capital crimes. I often let him live, but now he is cheating and disloyal. " Ren An was handed over to the judge and sentenced to death.

The monthly surplus is a loss, while the material surplus is weak. This is the law of everything in heaven and earth. If you only know how to make progress and don't know how to retreat, staying in the position of wealth for a long time will also bring disaster to people because of the accumulation of disasters. Therefore, Fan Li left Yue State and refused to accept the title of official position. His reputation will be spread to future generations and will never be forgotten. How can ordinary people compare with him? Future generations must learn from Ren Tianhe and Ren An.