Article 1 Teaching objectives:
First, understand the structural art of double-line narrative clues in the works.
Second, analyze the image characteristics of Yang Zhi, Chao Gai, Wu Yong and others, and master the methods of setting contradictions and conflicts to portray characters.
Third, learn the artistic techniques of environmental description in this paper.
Teaching time: 2 hours.
first kind
First, import:
1, Water Margin is a novel by Shi Naian with the theme of Sung River Uprising at the end of Northern Song Dynasty, which is a milestone in China vernacular literature. In Jin Shengtan's words, the characters it portrays are "people have their temperament, people have their temperament, people have their shapes, and people have their voices". Today we will appreciate its charm in the form of speaking and reading.
2. Author's brief introduction and his work Water Margin (P 190)
Second, the overall perception, grasp the main contradictions and conflicts of the text, and clarify the clues of plot structure.
1, retell the selected plot:
(1) Browse the text quickly to get a general idea of the story. (2) Group retelling (one person speaks, others add)
2. Students read the text quickly and master the main characters and plots.
Main characters: Yang Zhi, Lao Du Guan, Hou Yu, Jun Jian.
Classical, Wu Yong, Bai Sheng, Gongsun Sheng, Liu Tang and Ruan Shi are three brothers.
The main plot: Yang Zhi escorted the birth class, and Chao Gai, Wu Yong and others designed to seize the birth class.
Qing: Double-track structure: Yang Zhi escorted the gold and silver ticket holders-opening the route.
Wu Yongzhi attends childbirth class-dark line.
3. Story plot analysis (divided into two parts)
(1) mainly wrote the contradiction between Yang Zhi and the soldiers such as Lao Duguan and Hou Yu, which laid the groundwork for the robbery of Birth Class in the future.
(2) * Full text, mainly written by Yang Zhi and Chao Gai.
4. What are the contradictions and conflicts in the text?
Qing dynasty: the contradiction and conflict between Yangzhi Escort Agency and Chao, Wu and others-the main contradiction and conflict.
The Internal Conflicts between Yang Zhi and Jun Jian, Hou Yu and Lao Du Guan —— Secondary Conflicts
Third, homework:
1. How will Yang Zhi, who was knocked over by hemp, react when he wakes up? Please start with "Yang Zhi wakes up in an hour" and write an ending for this story. (Pay attention to Yang Zhi's personality characteristics) About 300 words.
Second lesson
First, the new lesson introduction:
As the saying goes, "If you are smart, you will read the Three Kingdoms; if you are brave, you will read the Water Margin." It means: There are many wise men in the Three Kingdoms and many heroes in Liangshan, so the heroes in the Water Margin are all "developed limbs and simple minds"? The answer is no. Their plans are equally amazing. If you don't believe me, let's learn the outline of outwitting a birthday and appreciate the strategy of Liangshan heroes.
Second, understand the story of Yang Zhi and the position of intelligence in the Water Margin.
Before class, browse the Water Margin 12 to 17 to learn about Yang Zhi's deeds and character.
1, Yang Zhi's deeds (student summary): ① Originally a temple official, he lost his official position due to the fall of Hua Shigang; (2) Being reduced to Tokyo, he sold his ancestral treasure knife because of travelling expenses, but killed the ruffian cow and was sent to Daming House in Tokyo to exile the army; (Last time 12)③ Daming Mansion stayed in Liang Shijie to pardon Yang Zhi, arranged a tournament, and Yang Zhi was superior in martial arts, and was promoted to Guan Jun Ambassador by Liang Zhongshu; (Back to 13) (4) Entrusted by Liang Zhongshu, he escorted the birth class and fell to Huangnigang; (The first time 16) ⑤ Desperate, he became an outlaw at Zhu Bao Temple in Erlong Mountain. (the first time 17)
2. Yang Zhi's personality (teacher's summary): Frustration, Success and Disillusionment (Mao Dun's language) is a trilogy of Yang Zhi's personality development. The fall of birth class is the turning point of Yang Zhi's fate. Yang Zhi finally embarked on the road of resisting the government.
3. "Taking wisdom" is the first time that the hero group with Chao Gai and Wu Yong as the core "made a move" against corrupt officials, which clashed with the "official family" and was a prelude to a large-scale peasant uprising.
Third, inquiry reading: Yang Zhi's escort of family planning ended in failure. What is the reason for his failure?
1, the first-level query; Combine the sentences describing Yang Zhi's words and deeds with other stories you know about Yang Zhi, and try to find the answer from Yang Zhi himself.
Please combine the sentences describing Yang Zhi's words and deeds in the article with his life experience to talk about "My opinion on Yang Zhi's loss of life".
Example: Yang Zhi is a sophisticated, shrewd and cautious man. After accepting the task, in order to prevent "strongmen", all the troops disguised as businessmen; Travel time and route selection; It can be seen that troops are not allowed to rest in Huangnigang.
Yang Zhi is also a rude person. Regardless of the hot weather, the difficult mountain road and the heavy burden, he forbade the troops to move on, not to rest or drink, to go their own way and to beat and scold at every turn. I can't communicate well with old Du Guan and Hou Yu and become the opposite.
Summarize Yang Zhi's personality characteristics: smart, capable, arrogant, willful, selfish, and official (you don't need to demand the same words, you can summarize Yang Zhi's personality. )
2. The second level of inquiry: The title of the article is "Learning from Wisdom". What strategies did Wu Yong, Chao Gai and others think to finally get the outline of birth? Try to find out the reason why Yang Zhi failed from them.
Please talk about the "wisdom" of the classical people in combination with the general content of the seven stars gathering righteousness and the second part of the article.
(1) Wise use of time: Yang Zhi's birthday class is escorted, just in time for the hot season. "At this time, it is the weather in May and a half. After the 14th and 15th, the weather is not yet noon. On the red day, there was no cloud, but it was actually very hot. When all the troops were watching that day, there was not a cloud around. In fact, the weather is unbearable. " In just a few lines, there have been two high temperatures, and the characteristics of the weather have been extremely vivid. Therefore, the soldiers and Han people all went to sleep under the pine tree as soon as they saw the oncoming hillock. The heat and fatigue all the way made Yang Zhi's entourage almost powerless to fight back. (Complementing the role of environmental description: rendering the hot atmosphere; Set off the restless mood of the characters; Promote the development of the plot. )
However, Chao Gai, Wu Yong and others have been waiting here for a long time, so they can say that they have mastered the primary favorable factors of outwitting.
(2) Clever use of geographical location: There are natural reasons why Chao Gai and others chose hills and Woods as places to seize the birth class. Huangnigang can be used as a cover, and the pine forest can not only lure Yang Zhi and his party who are eager to rest in summer, but also blur the enemy's line of sight, so that they can't see the real situation in the pine forest. The first two pieces of information fully show that when Gai and others knew about it, they made an in-depth investigation and study on the travel time, speed and route of Yang Zhi and his party. They decided that near noon, Yang Zhi and his party would arrive at Huangnigang, and the soldiers were anxious to have a rest. Classical and others set an ambush, and Yang Zhi and his party will go in whether they like it or not.
(3) The contradiction between wisdom and use: Similarly, through careful observation and analysis, Chao Gai and others discovered the contradictions within Yang Zhi's party and used them. Contradictions make internal *, giving classical and others an opportunity. This kind of wisdom shows that Chao Gai and others used the first two kinds of wisdom wisely and appropriately.
(4) Wisdom strategy: the ultimate realization of all the wisdom in front depends on "half a ladle of wine". Under the eyes of both sides, Chao Gai and others drank fine wine, while Yang Zhi and others drank medicated wine. Liu Tang and Bai Sheng performed perfectly, so it can't be said that Wu Yong's strategy was used at home. Yang Zhi and others watched helplessly as the birth class was snatched away in the voice of "falling down", but they could not move.
3. The third level of inquiry: Can you still use your historical knowledge to contact the background of the times and talk about the reasons for Yang Zhi's failure?
Fourthly, compare the rewritten text with the original text, and realize the benefits of clever conception and clever ending.
Rewriting content requirements: ① Take the "information" of Classical and his party as the main line, and insert the supplementary content of the last paragraph into the narrative. (2) At the appointed time (June 4th), tell the story in Huangnigang. (Projection example)
On the fourth day of June, before noon, the red sun was very hot. Chao Gai Wu Yong and his party of seven people lurked in the pine forest of Huangnigang to enjoy the cool. "Come on! Come on! " Sharp-eyed, I saw fifteen people walking slowly up the hill along a secluded road. One of them is wearing a cool hat, holding a green note on the boss and waving a cane. Everyone knows that this man is Yang Zhi, and he is known as the "green-faced beast" in the Jianghu. (start)
Fifteen people came to Degang. When Chao Gai and his party were hiding in the pine forest, they heard a comment from the pine forest: Yang Zhi was not allowed to stay on the mountain, and all the soldiers openly disobeyed orders. When fighting, Wu Yong ordered a man to go to the edge of the forest to see the price of a tree, but Yang Zhi deliberately saw it. Yang Zhi hurried into the pine forest with a bow. Seven people pointed to seven Jiangzhou cars lined up on the ground and called them Haozhou Jujube Merchants. Yang Zhi went to doubt and agreed that all the soldiers should go up the mountain to rest. (development)
At this time, Bai Sheng was carrying a load of wine and singing folk songs to Gorkon. It was very hot, so all the soldiers wanted to buy wine to quench their thirst. When Yang Zhi stopped the sergeant from buying wine, Chao Gai and his party took out five dollars and drank up a bucket in an instant. Liu Tang took a ladle from another bucket, took it and ate it. Bai Sheng overtook and stopped, chasing into the pine forest. Wu Yong took the opportunity to go to the pine forest to get medicine, shook it in the ladle and went to the bucket to get wine. But back to Bai Sheng make a sudden snatch a jilt, fell in the bucket. At this time, * has unconsciously fallen into the wine in front of Yang Zhi. Seeing that the remaining barrel of wine had been finished and there was no medicine in the cooking wine, Yang Zhi agreed that all the soldiers should buy wine. Yang also ate half a ladle. (*)
Bai Sheng carried an empty bucket and sang folk songs down the mountain. Chao Gai and Jia pointed a thread at Yang Zhi and other fifteen people and shouted, "Yes! That's right! " I saw fifteen people, top-heavy, limp and unable to move. Classical and his party launched Jiangzhou cart, loaded eleven loads of gold, silver and jewels into it, shouted "Noisy" and left. (end)
(suspense: after reading the last paragraph of supplementary text, Wu began to understand with his clever tricks. The narrative based on Yang Zhi's Outline of the Field of Life and Death always gives readers a sense of mystery when reading the tense and tortuous plot. Finally, the suspense was lifted, which was unexpected and reasonable. At the end, the names of eight brave men and the process of taking medicine were added, which highlighted the resourcefulness of Wu Yong and others, played the role of finishing touch, and named the topic at the same time. )
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expansion and extension
How will Yang Zhi, who was knocked over by hemp, react when he wakes up? Please start with "Yang Zhi wakes up in an hour" and write an ending for this story. (Pay attention to Yang Zhi's personality characteristics)
Sixth, homework
-Lesson preparation materials-
1. Responsible official system
The Cabinetshi Read, a Chinese book in Song Dynasty. Liang Zhangju in Qing Dynasty (the title records the names of ancient cabinet officials): "The Cabinetshi Read was called Zhongshu in Song Dynasty."
County system-In Song Dynasty, the county system was used to set up counties, or the guards were appointed to take charge of the army, train and teach, and arrest thieves. "A Record of the Official History of the Song Dynasty": "In worshipping Ning, I copied and promoted Jia Bing, and all of them were ministers and ministers." Training and catching thieves to clear the territory. "
In charge of everything-manager, housekeeper. "Water Margin" 6 1: "That one is the person in charge of furniture management, surnamed Li Minggu ... and teaches him to manage family affairs." It doesn't matter if you flatter him in five years. "
Hou Yu-At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Du was the chief law enforcement officer in the army, and in the Five Dynasties, he was a senior official of the guards and pro-army. In the Song Dynasty, the Division before the Temple, the Division of the Guards, the Division of the Ma Army and the Division of the Foot Army were all put in danger, ranking second only to the viceroy and deputy viceroy. In addition, there are low-level military ambitions, such as general dangers and hospital dangers.
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