Tree jade is jade-shaped silicified wood. It belongs to silicified wood, and its appearance is crystal clear, which is different from ordinary silicified wood. In the long process of geological history, large areas of virgin forests were buried underground by great natural forces. Soaking in silica under high pressure, low temperature and oxygen-free environment, the carbon elements in trees are gradually replaced by silica, and some of the original characteristics of trees are retained, and some mineral elements in surrounding rock layers are mixed to form colorful substances, which are silicified wood, also known as wood fossils. Then in the long geological period, with the constant changes of temperature and pressure, silicified wood has undergone different degrees of metamorphism and recrystallization, and its main components have been transformed into opal chalcedony, which is Shuhuayu, also known as Huamuyu. The hardness of Huamuyu is 7.4 degrees higher than Mohs hardness. Its main mineral composition is opasio 2. NH2O and chalcedony (silica). The density is 2.20g/cm3-2.80g/cm3. Huamuyu not only shows the wealth of jade with its special value, but also records and provides some information about distant times with beautiful annual rings and bark changes. Not only has high economic value, ornamental value and scientific research value. Tree jade can be divided into three categories according to processing methods. The first kind is the original jade stone. It is a tree-shaped jade that has not been artificially processed. It is difficult to find this kind of tree-shaped jade in the market, because only the tree-shaped jade with a particularly good shape is not used for processing, and the one with a particularly good shape is rare. The second is to peel, polish and polish Yushu. Because Huamuyu itself is a fossil of trees, all trees have bark, which is white and stuffy and very ugly. Only by peeling off the surface and polishing can the beauty of Huamuyu be displayed. The third category is the sandblasting of tree-shaped jade. After polishing, the natural shape of wood jade will be completely changed due to the limitation of processing tools. In recent years, people have come up with the idea of spraying emery on the surface of Muyu at high pressure to spray off the bark and impurities on the surface, leaving a jade layer inside. In this way, the tree-shaped jade can not only maintain its original natural form, but also show the exquisite jade inside the tree-shaped jade. However, due to the limitation of the current sand blasting process, the tree-shaped jade processed by this method needs to be sprayed with water or wax water to achieve the smoothness of the polishing material. Tree jade can be divided into four categories according to the material. The first kind is water-based tree jade. This tree-shaped jade, like jade, needs careful carving to reflect its exquisiteness. Suitable for grinding and polishing, only those with unique shapes are suitable for sandblasting. The second kind is dry tree jade. The so-called dry material refers to the tree-shaped jade that looks waterless and wins by modeling. Brown is more common, yellow is less common, red is less common and there is no green at all. Suitable for sandblasting. The third kind is fragile tree jade, amber in color and a little transparent. In fact, it does not contain jade at all. Be careful when processing and transporting, otherwise it will be broken. It is not common now, because there is no market demand, so Myanmar will not provide it to China. The fourth kind is washed tree-shaped jade, which has been left on the ground for a long time, and basically has no water and its shape is not good. The only wholesale market of Shuhua jade in China-Shuhua jade market in Yucheng, Ruili City, Yunnan Province, can't see this kind of material. Attachment: Appraisal Standard of Shuhua Jade (issued by Shuhua Jade Collection Association (2007-11-03)1) This standard specifies the classification, appraisal elements, appraisal standards, grading and appraisal principles of Shuhua Jade. This standard is applicable to the identification of tree-shaped jade in various stone exhibitions. 2 Terms and definitions-The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 2. 1 Shuhua jade can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. This standard refers to tree jade in a broad sense, that is, tree fossil works of art that are formed in nature, collectible, ornamental, collectible, scientific and economic. It contains the mystery of nature and the accumulation of humanity, and has the characteristics of beauty, strangeness and rarity. 3. The appraisal principle of Shuhuayu 3. 1 Shuhuayu's appraisal principle must adhere to the basic principles of "fairness, justice and openness" and must not be falsified. Appraisal experts must strictly abide by professional ethics, enhance their sense of responsibility and be responsible for appraisal work. 4. Tree jade classification 4. 1 kind of water material, unearthed in Myanmar, with a high degree of jade, which needs to be carefully carved to reflect the exquisiteness of tree jade in a narrow sense. 4.2. Dry material, impervious, low degree of jade, is a generalized tree-shaped jade that wins by modeling. 4.3. Brittle material, amber in color, transparent but not jade-like, fragile and easily broken. 4.4. Dry materials washed with water, which is long-term. 5. Identification elements of Shuhuayu 5. 1 Identification elements should reflect the general principle of completeness, beauty, charm and collection value of Shuhuayu. It is divided into basic elements and auxiliary elements. 5.2 Basic elements: color, planting water and modeling. 5.3 Auxiliary elements: insects, vines, knots, knots, crystals, rings, etc. Transverse cracks, impurities and purity defects; Proposition, description, meaning and rhyme, collocation. 5.3. 1 Auxiliary element A: bugs, vines, knots, knots, crystals, rings, etc. 5.3.2 Auxiliary element B: transverse cracks, impurities and purity defects. 5.3.3 Auxiliary elements C: proposition, description, meaning and rhyme, collocation. 6 identification criteria of tree-shaped jade The quality identification of tree-shaped jade can be divided into two categories. The first category is the quality identification of seed water. The second category is dry material quality appraisal. Brittle materials and washed materials are also dry materials, because the degree of jade is low. 6. 1 Shuhua jade seed water material quality appraisal: 6. 1. 1 color appraisal (full score: 40 points) The first grade is chicken blood red, blue, green and golden yellow, and 30-40 points can be scored according to its color purity, vividness and distribution area ratio; Main yellow, solid color, ink color and floating flower are Grade 2, and score 20-35 points; Other dull colors are level 3, which can be scored 5-20 points. 6. 1.2 water identification (full score: 35) According to the area ratio of good water, ice seeds can get 20-35 points, and other translucent and below can get 10-20 points. 6. 1.3 is the shape recognition (full score 30), and hollow, pictographic, mountain-shaped, long cylinder, other flat, thin, rectangular, fat and short cylinders are 20-30. , score 10-20 points. 6. 1.4 (full score: 50) Dendritic jade, such as insects, vines, knots, knots, crystals, rings, etc. According to the quality grade, the score of transverse cracks, impurities and purity defects of dendritic jade (full score 15) is 6. 1.5, and 5-50 points can be added. Description should grasp the theme and express the meaning of stone; Beautiful and generous seats; You can add 1- 10. 6.2 Quality appraisal of dried materials of Shuhua jade: 6.2. 1 shape appraisal (out of 40 points): 30-40 points will be scored for tall and hollow jade, 20-35 points for mountain-shaped, long cylindrical and pictographic jade, and 65,433 points will be scored for other flat, thin, long, chubby blocks and short cylindrical jade. 6.2.2 Color identification (full score: 30 points): those whose subjects are red, blue, ink and golden yellow are the first grade. According to the purity, vividness and distribution area ratio of their colors, they can score 20-30 points; Main yellow, solid color, skin green and floating flowers are Grade II, and score 15-25; Other dull colors are Grade III, with a score of 10- 15. 6.2.3 Identification of water (full score 25): transparent water 15-25, and water below translucent water 5- 15. 6.2.4 If there are the above-mentioned (out of 40) tree jade, such as insects, vines, tree knots, crystals, rings, etc. According to the quality grade, score 5-40 points (full mark minus 10) for the score of transverse cracks, impurities and purity defects in 6.2.5. If there are any of the above items, the jadeite can be deducted according to the degree of defects. Description should grasp the theme and express the meaning of stone; Beautiful and generous seats; You can add 1- 10. 7 Summary: The total score of the above aspects below 60 is low, 60-80 is medium, 80- 100 is high,100-100 is the best, and 1 120 is the best.