Exquisite cloisonne products must be bright in color, thick in fetal bones, neatly and symmetrically shredded, and bright in gold plating.
There are many glaze colors of cloisonne, but the most commonly used ones are sky blue (light blue), sapphire blue (lapis lazuli), red (chicken blood), light green (grass green), dark green (jade color, translucent), white (driveway color), grape purple (amethyst color with glass texture), purple (rose red) and emerald blue.
Place of production
There are many theories about the origin of this technology. It should be introduced to China from West Asia, Central Asia, Persia and Arabia in the Yuan Dynasty, and then developed in large quantities and introduced to China in Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (1450- 1456). Cloisonne is now mainly produced in Taiwan Province Province and Chinese mainland.
name
Because this technology flourished in Jingtai period, it was named Jingtai Enamel or Jingtailang. Later, due to the use of sapphire blue and peacock blue glaze as the background color, and the pronunciation of "Lang" is similar to that of "Blue", it finally evolved into the name "Cloisonne". Later, the name broadly included all copper tires and enamels.
Reasons for prosperity
After cloisonne was introduced into China, it achieved such success in a short time, mainly because China had already possessed metallurgical technology such as casting copper, knowledge of making glass and colored glaze, and knew how to control the calcination temperature, thus having good conditions for developing cloisonne. On the other hand, enamel shows the warmth of jade, the brilliance of jewelry and the exquisiteness of porcelain, which satisfies many hobbies of China people and thus promotes the development of cloisonne in China.
early stage
Although cloisonne was introduced to China in the Yuan Dynasty, its works have hardly survived because of its age, immature technology and unfamiliarity with new things. In the rapidly developing Ming Dynasty, cloisonne was dignified and heavy, with crystal glaze as deep as a gem, rough and full patterns, strong, solid and magnificent color contrast, and gold-plated and bright gold. Cloisonne products in this period are mostly antique bronze products, such as ding and pan. These achievements and characteristics have laid a solid foundation for the future development of cloisonne.
Modern Times
By the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, cloisonne had a new development, not only with a wide variety, but also with western flavor, such as cups and plates of western ladies. Moreover, the enamel color glaze has also developed from six or seven kinds to more than ten kinds, which makes the color tone of cloisonne more rich and elegant and the craft more delicate and exquisite. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, cloisonne gradually moved from pure palace art to folk (mass production of daily necessities) and international market. Cloisonne won the first prize at the Chicago World Expo in 1904, which made the reputation of Cloisonne increase day by day and doubled its value.
Modern Times
With the continuous development of cloisonne and the needs of the market, some practical products and tourist souvenirs are produced in large quantities, and new varieties, new colors and new technologies are constantly emerging. In recent years, the cloisonne industry has appeared, such as bodiless cloisonne, silver cloisonne, cloisonne with painted enamel and cloisonne, machine-made cloisonne, silver crystal blue imitating Japanese Qibao Shao, and cloisonne with various techniques. In particular, the combination of multi-process and cloisonne is particularly prominent. This is a kind of cloisonne as the main body, combined with tooth carving, jade carving, wood carving, lacquer art and filigree mosaic.
In Taiwan Province Province, this traditional handicraft has once again attracted attention and attention. Many people use modern machines and techniques to create exquisite cloisonne ornaments (such as mobile phone ornaments, jewelry, etc.) by combining the artist's creative heart. ), handicrafts (jewelry boxes, vases, etc. ) and electrical appliances (clocks, stationery sets, etc. ). This kind of traditional handicraft with primitive simplicity not only combines with modern life, embellishes and enriches the content of life, but also enables the traditional skills to continue and carry forward.