Soil preparation: comprehensive soil preparation or hole soil preparation. A good plot should be fully prepared with a depth of 25 cm, raked flat, and sundries such as roots and stones should be removed. After the seedlings are planted, short crops such as soybeans and medicinal materials can be intercropped in the first three years. Carry out hole-shaped soil preparation in bad plots, with specifications of 80 cm long × 80 cm wide× 25 cm deep, crush clods and pick out sundries such as roots and stones.
Seedling standard: to cultivate strong seedlings from improved varieties, the seedlings should be robust, with developed roots, full bud eyes and neat size 1 level seedlings. Seedling height should be greater than 25 cm, ground diameter should be greater than 0.3 cm, taproot length should be greater than 25 cm, and lateral roots should be greater than 10. White birch and Populus davidiana are the best shade trees or fruit trees (young trees). It is required that the height of the tree is more than 3 meters, the DBH is 2 cm -3 cm, and the main lateral roots are developed.
Density: The stand height of Lonicera edulis is about 1.5m-2.0m, and the crown width can reach about 2.0m-2.5m According to this standard, in order to ensure the ventilation, light and spacing of fruit trees, it should be 4.0m× 4.0m, and it is more suitable for every 625 holes/hectare. Shading trees are needed above the growth of Lonicera edulis, and the canopy density should be 0.2-0.3, and the row spacing of shading trees should be 10 m× 10 m, about 100 plants per hectare.
Fixed number of plants: 9 plants per hole, 3×3, spacing of 20 cm. When planting, it should be upright, practical, moderate in depth, without nesting or watering. In this way, a vigorous cluster can be formed quickly, which is conducive to bearing more fruits and achieving high yield and bumper harvest. Drainage and irrigation: after the survival of Lonicera edulis, water it after spring and before winter every year when the soil moisture content is less than 40% to ensure the water requirement. At the same time, the water in low-lying areas should be eliminated in time.
Fertilization: Lonicera edulis has the characteristic of being fond of fertilizer, so when soil fertility declines, farmyard manure should be used as the main fertilizer to avoid using chemical fertilizer and ensure the purity of fruit green food.
Weeding: Weed and loosen the soil twice in the year of planting, and cut the tall shrub weeds with various influences once a year according to the growth situation.
Flat stubble cutting: Lonicera edulis has strong germination ability. In order to add new branches to the plant cluster, the plant cluster should be leveled in the winter (three or nine days) of the second year of planting survival, and the stubble height should be 5 cm-10 cm. In the next spring, more new branches will be issued. According to the principle of survival of the fittest, each plant has 6 strong branches and is cut off, so that each cluster reaches about 50 fruiting branches.
Trimming and shaping: after the bundle is fixed, trimming and shaping are carried out every 2-3 years. By pruning, cluster branches, diseased branches, dead branches and over-dense branches are removed, so as to maintain the reasonable structure of branches in the plant cluster, improve ventilation and lighting conditions, promote growth and fruiting, and ensure high and stable yield.
Shading trees: Shading trees are planted to create an ecological environment suitable for the growth of Lonicera edulis, so it is necessary to do a good job of supporting management. Shading trees generally have a branch height of not less than 3.0 meters and a sag of 0.2-0.3. If it is too large, the crown branches should be drained in time.