2. Accelerating germination: take out the seeds treated in sand storage half a month before sowing and pile them in the leeward and sunny places to accelerate germination. In order to make the seeds germinate orderly, it is necessary to turn them up and down frequently when accelerating germination, so that the temperature is consistent. Cover with sacks or straw curtains at night and keep a certain temperature and humidity. When 70% of the seeds are broken and white, you can start sowing. 1, under the apricot tree. In order to promote the development of trees and increase the yield, it is necessary to weed, loosen the soil and dig deep to ripen the soil. Examples of deep turning include circular deep turning, alternating deep turning and reaming. Young trees can be loosened in the form of holes or intertillage, and holes can be loosened in mountainous areas with large slopes, 2-3 times a year; For the apricot forest, in the place with large slope, the tree disk planning should be carried out 1-3 times a year. Spring rain and autumn rain can be carried out. In spring, plan the tree tray before apricot germination; In summer, after the fruit is harvested, the tree tray is planed; Planing the tree tray in autumn is done before freezing. In hilly and mountainous areas with steep slopes, soil preparation works can be supported. Repair ditches, fish scale pits, water level ditches, etc. Comprehensive control of soil erosion on slope.
2, apricot tree embellishment. Spraying plant growth regulators and trace fertilizers on apricots can significantly improve the fruit setting rate and increase the yield. Rare earth 1000ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50ppm, anticonvulsant 25ppm, boric acid 0.3%, etc. It can be sprayed at apricot blossom stage and young fruit expansion stage. Apply base fertilizer. Generally, before the soil is frozen or in early spring, 50 kg of farmyard manure and 0.5 kg of urea are applied to each plant. After fertilization, water should be poured enough. After flowering, quick-acting fertilizer should be applied, and diammonium squamate 10 kg per mu should be applied to improve the fruit setting rate and promote the development of young fruits.
3. Frost prevention in flowering period. From mid-April to early May, apricot flowers and young fruits are easily affected by late frost, resulting in reduced production or no harvest, so frost prevention is needed in advance. Generally, there are 2-3 smoke stacks in the ravine, and one acre of land can be built. Smoking materials can be bought locally. After stacking with firewood and straw, the outermost layer will be covered with a soil cage, leaving a smoke outlet. According to the local meteorological image forecast, loose smoke will burn before the frost falls, forming a smoke screen.
4, flat stubble update. The effect of Prunus armeniaca enters the full fruit stage 2-3 years after planting, 5-6 years after planting, and enters the aging stage after 15-20 years. At this time, it is necessary to update the crop. After the soil is frozen, the above-ground part of Prunus armeniaca is cut off with a sharp axe or a quick pick, then buried in a mound, and germinated from scratch the next spring. The new branches of Prunus armeniaca germinate vigorously after stubble leveling, so it needs to be planted with buds. Generally, 2-4 new branches with strong development and good orientation are selected from each cluster for directional cultivation. Management under the tree: Prunus armeniaca mostly grows on steep slopes or gentle slopes, and the site conditions are poor, so it is difficult to dig deep into the soil. Shallow excavation can repair the tree disk. First make a shallow plane in the tree tray, pick up stones for the tree tray, and then repair the tree tray. The size of the tree disk should be the same as the size of the crown. Where the slope is large, the outer edge is high and the inner edge is low. With the strengthening of management year by year, the trees should be connected into terraces. Repairing the tree disk is the key measure of soil and water conservation. Because it is difficult to water apricots, water storage is more important.
Tree management: Tree management mainly includes pruning and pest control. In addition to newly planting apricot trees, the original apricot trees are mainly updated and strengthened on the sloping land of returning farmland to forests. That is to say, the old trees withered by perennial cadres and with low yield are removed, leaving young trees sprouting around them, cutting off old branches and dead branches on big trees to promote the germination of new branches, and pruning is done well with the strengthening of management and the improvement of technology.
Replanting in the open space in the forest: In places with large forest area and sparse apricot trees, replanting should be done well to improve the utilization rate of forest land. The harm is apricot caterpillar and coccidiosis. Apricot caterpillars can be sprayed with 0.5kg of 90% trichlorfon and 750- 1000kg of water during the incubation period of new larvae in early spring and summer. After the flowers wither, remove the wrapped leaves and destroy the larvae; Scraping bark in early spring, centralized burning to eliminate cocoon-forming overwintering larvae. For coccidiosis, before flowering, when the nymph begins to move, spray Bomei 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture, combine with pruning, cut off the branches and burn them.