The causes and treatments of urinary tract infections

Urinary tract infection is very common in daily life. Suffering from urinary tract infection is very embarrassing for patients, so it must be treated as soon as possible. It is necessary to understand the cause of urinary tract infection in order to take corrective precautions. and timely treatment. Below I have compiled the causes of urinary tract infections for you, I hope it can help you.

Causes of urinary tract infections

(1) Urinary system malformation or dysfunction: common causes of urinary tract infections, such as renal agenesis, polycystic kidney, sponge kidney, Horseshoe kidney, double renal pelvis or double ureter malformation, and giant ureter can easily reduce the resistance of local tissues to bacteria. Vesicoureteral reflux causes urine to flow back from the bladder into the renal pelvis, thereby increasing the risk of disease. Neuronal bladder dysfunction results in urinary retention and bacterial infection.

(2) Urethral intubation and instrument examination: Catheterization, cystoscopy, and urinary tract surgery can cause local mucosal damage and introduce pathogenic bacteria from the anterior urethra into the bladder or upper urinary tract. Infection is also a common cause of urinary tract infection. According to statistics, the incidence rate of persistent bacteriuria after a single catheterization is 1% to 2%; if the catheterization is left in place for more than 4 days, the incidence rate of persistent bacteriuria is more than 90%, and may cause severe pyelonephritis and gram-negative bacteria. Risk of sepsis.

(3) Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the female urinary tract: The length of the female urethra is only 3 to 5cm, straight and wide, and the urethral sphincter is weak. Bacteria easily rise to the bladder along the urethral opening, and the urethral opening is close to the anus. Bacteria invade the urethra. Local irritation around the urethra, the vulva is susceptible to bacterial contamination during menstruation, gynecological diseases such as vaginitis and cervicitis, and changes in sex hormones during pregnancy, postpartum and sexual intercourse, can all cause changes in the vaginal and urethral mucosa and facilitate the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. . Therefore, the incidence of urinary tract infection in adult women is 8 to 10 times higher than that in men. This is one of the more common causes of urinary tract infections.

Treatment of urinary tract infection

(1) Treatment of acute simple cystitis: It is recommended to use three-day therapy, that is, oral compound sulfamethoxazole; or oxyfluoride Floxacin; or levofloxacin. Because single-dose therapy is not as effective as three-day therapy, at this time, its use is no longer recommended. In areas where the resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria to sulfamethoxazole is as high as 10% to 20%, nitrofurantoin can be used for treatment.

(2) Treatment of acute simple pyelonephritis: It is recommended to use antibiotics for 14 days. For patients with mild acute pyelonephritis, the course of treatment can be shortened to 7 days with highly effective antibiotics. For mild symptom cases, oral quinolones can be used for treatment. If the pathogenic bacteria are sensitive to compound sulfamethoxazole, this drug can also be taken orally. If the causative organism is Gram-positive, it can be treated with amoxicillin alone or amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium.

(3) Complicated urinary tract infection: The treatment plan for complicated urinary tract infection depends on the severity of the disease. In addition to antibacterial drug treatment, it is also necessary to deal with the anatomical and functional abnormalities of the urinary system and treat other underlying diseases. Nutritional support treatment is also required if necessary. If the condition is severe, hospitalization is usually required. First of all, basic diseases such as diabetes and urinary tract infarction should be controlled promptly and effectively. If necessary, joint treatment with endocrinology and other related professional doctors is required. Otherwise, it is difficult to cure the disease with antibiotic treatment alone.

Dietary taboos for urinary tract infection

1. Do not eat flatulent foods if you have a urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection may cause some urinary urgency, pain, or difficulty in urination. At this time, abdominal distension will aggravate the symptoms of difficulty urinating, so you should not eat foods that can cause flatulence, such as milk, soy milk, and sucrose.

2. Don’t eat hairy foods if you have a urinary tract infection

Fatty foods (such as pork head meat, chicken, mushrooms, hairtail, crabs, bamboo shoots, peaches, etc.) can aggravate inflammation and fever. effect, so it should not be eaten.

3. Do not eat spicy food if you have a urinary tract infection

Spicy food will make the symptoms of urinary tract infection more serious, make urination difficult, and some may even cause redness and swelling of the urethral orifice. , can also cause congestion, swelling and pain in the inflammatory area.

4. Do not take warm tonic products for urinary tract infection

Mainly for the acute stage, because it is caused by dampness and heat.

5. If you have a urinary tract infection, you should not eat food that promotes dampness and heat.

This includes alcohol, desserts and high-fat foods. This disease is caused by excessive dampness and heat. Any food that promotes dampness and heat will cause urinary tract infection. Can aggravate the condition.