Whenever troubled times come and a dynasty dies, there will always be a group of people fleeing from the invaders and going to the regime they recognize. These people have both national hatred and domestic hatred, and they have a strong will to fight in the army they organized. With excellent equipment and strict training, they will be a force to be reckoned with. For example, the famous begging army, the northern government soldiers and the eight-character army in history. The army of loyalty and filial piety was an army organized at the end of the Jin Dynasty, which made brilliant achievements in its short existence. Its commander-in-chief, monk Chen Yanhong, attracted people's attention at that time. They wrote the last lamentation of the Jin Dynasty with their lives. Heavy cavalry in Jin dynasty i. the origin of the loyal and filial army. Since the rise of the Mongolian Empire in the Mongolian Plateau, Genghis Khan, who integrated the whole Mongolian nation, turned his aggressive eyes to his sworn enemy, the Jin State. This once powerful country is now the afterglow of the sunset. The corrupt and declining Jin Dynasty was no match for the new Mongolian Empire. After a series of failures, the territory of the state of Jin has been shrinking day by day, and a large area of territory has been lost. In foreign policy, the State of Jin made enemies everywhere, making enemies with Xixia and Southern Song Dynasty. Infighting is everywhere, generals are mediocre, and they will soon come to the brink of extinction. In this case, Jin Aizong, who had just acceded to the throne, immediately deposed traitors and reorganized the army in order to save the country. The army of loyalty and filial piety is an important achievement of the whole army. Since then, the army of loyalty and filial piety has stepped onto the war stage of the rulers. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, according to the records of the forty-four military regimes in the Book of Jin History, "I mourn for my sophomore year, and I will definitely choose the elite soldiers of all walks of life and the secret school in Zhili. """Take all the roads of Heshuo to the right person, whether there is pommel horse or not, whether it can be translated or not, I will send them to the secret courtyard, triple the number of troops in the moon, and give them official horses, which will win more than a thousand people. When I was eighteen, I was named Zhongxiaojun. "This is the origin of Jin Aizong loyalty and filial piety army. This army of loyalty and filial piety was selected from the "reformed people", and its soldiers mainly came from Mongolian-ruled areas. The origin of these people is recorded in the Golden History as "the army of loyalty and filial piety, all of which were captured by Uighur, Naiman, Qiang, Xiongnu and Zhongyuan to escape their crimes." Ethnic groups cover the ethnic groups trapped under the rule of Mongolian army, and the region covers the areas occupied by Mongolian army. These people hate Mongolia, so it is very effective. The rulers also attached great importance to them, giving them preferential treatment in life and equipment, giving them three times the salary of other troops, and the housekeeper was equipped with military horses to form elite soldiers. Why is this happening? This is because, with the defeat of the war, the Jin army, once known as the fighters, lost its supervision and production of horses and lost to the enemy. Jintang army has been reduced to an infantry-based army, and it has been defeated repeatedly in the battle with Mongolian cavalry. In order to reverse the war, the rulers spared no expense to rebuild their elite cavalry units, among which the loyalty and filial piety army was the elite. Tiefu Tuzhongxiaojun is an army, and the rulers equipped it with excellent ordnance horses, and the people followed. Moreover, the personnel are carefully selected, and only those with excellent riding and shooting skills can participate, and they are strictly trained. Soon, this army further developed and expanded, which was recorded in the Book of Jin. Therefore, the army has reached 7,000 from Tianxing to now, and it is not foreseeable that there will be more than 1000 generals. "This elite cavalry, become the object of rulers rely on. According to the records of the military system in the Golden History, since Zheng Da was changed into a direct army, the troops and armor have been updated. When the old men declared that the country was at its peak, the military and horses were there. As for elite soldiers and solid weapons, compared with today, the period of revival can be expected. Second, the commander of the loyalty and filial piety army and Shang Chen. Xiao Zhongjun's initial commander was not a monk from Chen Yanhong, but Xiao Zhongjun achieved brilliant results under the leadership of a monk from Chen Yanhong. It can be said that the army of loyalty and filial piety grew because of the birth of Chen Yanhong monk and declined because of the death of Chen Yanhong monk. Chen Yanhong's short life is closely related to the rise and fall of the army of loyalty and filial piety. Judging from monk Chen's life, it can be said that monk Chen commanded an army of loyalty and filial piety. First of all, monk Wan Yanchen's real name is Yi, and he also fled the occupied Mongolia to "return to integrity". In his twenties, he was captured by the Mongolian army. Because he was loved by the Mongolian guard, he worked for the army under the account of the Mongolian army, and then managed to escape to the Jin Dynasty. Secondly, about filial piety. And Chen are two brothers, and his mother is supported by his brother. When their hometown fell, the two brothers tried to escape to the Jin Dynasty. Therefore, Chen Yanhong monk excused himself from visiting his mother, killed the foot soldiers under surveillance with his brother, robbed the horse and fled with his mother. When the pursuers arrived, the Chen Yanhong brothers lost his horse and his mother was too old to walk, so the situation was very dangerous. Even in this case, the two brothers still didn't give up on their mother. They found a rickshaw pulled by human power, pulled it all the way south, crossed the Yellow River and reached the control area of the rulers. It is amazing to have such filial piety. Talk about loyalty again. After Chen Yanhong's brother returned to the south, he won the trust of the emperor and entrusted him with an important task. His brother became a marshal, and Brother Chen Yanhong also served in the army with his brother. But because of being falsely accused, he had an accident, was arrested and imprisoned, and was almost executed. It was not until his brother died that Wan Yan Chen, a monk who had been imprisoned for 18 months, was released from prison by Ai Zong Amnesty International. According to the Book of Jin, Aizong said to him, "There is a company that plays you to kill people with your own anger. If your brother dies, he will lose my name. Today, because of your brother, Qufa forgives you, and people will talk about me all over the world. One day, you will make great contributions to your fame and the country will gain your strength, so you will never forgive me. Yan Hong monk Chen was very angry and determined to repay Aizong's kindness with loyalty. In the future battlefield, Brother Chen Yanhong proved himself with his own actions. As the ancients said, loyal ministers must be at the door of the dutiful son, and they will not deceive me. Yan hong, monk Chen, talk about talent again. Monk Chen Yanhong was one of the few generals in the Jin Dynasty. As far as martial arts are concerned, after returning, monk Chen passed the exam and took the post of guard, which shows the high martial arts. As for literary talent, according to historical records, Chen Sanzang was brilliant and gentle, good at literature and history, and claimed to protect heaven. Therefore, The Book of Filial Piety, Primary School, The Analects of Confucius and Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period are all interesting. If there is nothing in the army, it is the bovine capillary character under the window, such as being poor and indifferent to the world. Even during his eighteen months in prison, Brother Chen Yanhong studied tirelessly every day. From these records of monk Chen Yanhong, we can see that monk Chen Yanhong is an all-powerful general. Finally, about energy. As a general, you should not only be brave and good at fighting, but also have the ability to command and control the army. Monk Chen Yanhong is a general with this ability. The loyalty and filial piety army he commanded is ruthless and difficult to control. " But, commander Chen, the monk. He has strict military discipline and strict training. It is said that in order to train his men's perseverance, he sat in the snow for three days and three nights with his heavily armed men, motionless. Under the leadership of Shang Chen, the army has become a powerful force with strict military discipline and courage. According to the Book of Jin, monk Chen controlled it well. He sat in the process of advancing and retreating. The autumn he passed through could, he didn't commit any crime, and there was no noise between streets. Every battle is snared first, and if the disease comes, the army will rely on it. Since then, the army of loyalty and filial piety, led by monk Chen, has begun to emerge on the battlefield. Loyalty and filial piety army three, loyalty and filial piety army three wins. When the loyalty and filial piety army became an army, Mongolia's attack on the rulers also entered a new * * *. At that time, the state of Jin was dying. Xixia, the barrier to the west in the past, was destroyed by Mongolia, and the only remaining Henan and Shaanxi regions of the Jin State were directly exposed under the iron hoof of the Mongolian army. In the decades-long war, the Jin army did not win a victory over the Mongolian army, and the morale of the army was extremely low. The Mongols divided the troops attacking Xu Jin into two directions. One direction was to cross the Yellow River from the north and attack Kaifeng, the capital of Jin at that time. The other way is to attack Tongguan from Shaanxi, trying to break through and enter the hinterland of Jin State. Of the two roads, the North Road is difficult to cross the river in front of the enemy, so Tongguan Road is the main one. The state of Jin took advantage of the interior operation, mobilized its troops and maneuvered, and the loyal and filial troops, mainly cavalry, became the main force of the operation. In the fourth year of Jin Zhengda (1227), the Mongolian army destroyed Xixia. Subsequently, the Mongols began to attack the Jin State-controlled area in Shaanxi to prepare for the next attack. Mongols joined Pingyang, Lintao and other places. In five years, the Mongolian army led by Chi Laowen, the founder of Mongolia, began to besiege Qingyang. Bai Sa, who is in charge of Shaanxi military affairs, led the loyal and filial army and other reinforcements to clear the way. This battle is recorded in the Golden History: in five years, the northern soldiers entered the big courtyard, and Pingzhang reached an agreement to ask who could be a striker, and monk Chen gave orders. If you take a shower and change clothes first, if you are indifferent, you will not hesitate to get on the horse. On that day, 8,000 troops were defeated by 400 riders, and the people of the three armed forces were eager to fight. This was a victory after twenty years of military prosperity. Play meritorious service first, write letters and praise, award general Dingyuan, judge of Pingliang Prefecture, and seek a hereditary plan. Will be famous all over the world one day. In this battle, monk Chen bathed and changed clothes before the decisive battle, and like a dying man, he threw himself into the battlefield without hesitation. Zhong Xiaojun, a cavalry unit built according to the standards of the heyday of the rulers, is heavily armored, armed with combat knives and spears and bows and arrows, like a pack of tigers. The Mongolian army was caught off guard, and 8000 troops were repeatedly killed by 400 loyal and filial soldiers, and even the formation collapsed and fled. Jin Jun won the first victory in 20 years. Jin Aizong was so excited that he shed tears when he got the good news. Dachangyuan won a great victory in World War I, and Zhong Xiaojun and his commander, Monk Chen, became famous in World War I ... This battle greatly boosted the morale of the rulers, so that it also had a negative impact on them. In the summer of the seventh year of Zheng Da (1230), the rulers held peace talks with Mongolia, which was originally successful. Because of the victory of the big factory and the clearance of Qingyang, Yawuta, the left deputy marshal of Shanxi Province, actually said to the Mongolian envoy, "I have prepared my troops, please come to the war!" "This angered Wokuotai, determined to destroy gold, thus breaking the peace talks. In August, 1977, when the cavalry engaged in battle, the Mongolian Military History Department attacked Weizhou, contained the Jin Army and covered the Mongolian army to break through Tongguan. Yu zhou is located in Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, on the north bank of the Yellow River, and is the north gate of Kaifeng. In the history of Mongolian famous soldiers, once he was born and died, he cut the Song Dynasty with gold and repeatedly made meritorious military service. In October, Commander Jin Jun led 100,000 Jin Jun to save Wei. After fierce fighting, the Jin army finally defeated the Mongolian army and solved the siege of Weizhou. According to historical records, after Jin Aizong got the good news, he boarded the army of Chengtianmen, and everyone got hereditary advice. A good horse and jade belt made everyone get the true colors of the moon. "As a striker of 8 jin j, the loyal and filial army of monk Chen also took part in this battle, and won the meritorious military service in this battle. This time, the victory temporarily lifted the threat of northern Xu Jinguo. In the first month of the eighth year of Zheng Da, the Mongolian army stepped up its attack in the direction of Tongguan, Shaanxi. Mongolian generals quickly broke through the small pass, plundered Lushi and Zhuyang, and their troops were scattered in hundreds of miles. Tongguan Shoujiang refused the enemy for help. He said that he had led thousands of monks who were loyal and filial, and Jia, a surname, led 10,000 people, and then came. The two armies met in the valley. Back in the Valley War, monk Chen Yanhong faced the Mongolian fighters who claimed to be 40,000 troops, and faced the Mongolian famous soldiers who fought in Asia and Europe without fear. His loyal and filial army, like a bolt of lightning, went deep into the Mongolian army. The Mongolian army, which is good at riding and shooting, found that the loyalty and filial piety army was better than itself. Xiao Zhongjun's soldiers all wear heavy armor, effectively protecting themselves from Mongolian arrows. The Mongolian army fell under the arrows of the loyalty and filial piety army. The Mongolian army had never met such a powerful army, and it was in a state of chaos. Just then, Jia's follow-up troops arrived. Under the attack of monks and Jia, the Mongolian army was losing ground. Zhongxiaojun didn't retreat until he returned to Taniguchi. If it were not for the command of famous soldiers, the Mongolian army would probably be completely annihilated in this valley. In this battle, it is recorded in the Great Jin Guozhi that Su Butai "chose 40,000 people to publish stones and cut down trees, hew mountain merchants, swam into the blue pass, and lost to He Da (Hong Yan), losing more than 10,000 people and tens of thousands of horses". Moreover, it is also recorded that after the reports of "Jing Zhao" and "Fengxiang", the northern soldiers made a mess and marched westward, and the horse had no time to enter the topic. " From this aspect, we can see how miserable and embarrassing the Mongolian army failed. This was such a heavy blow that the Wokuotai Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty personally accused him of being too slow and wanted to punish him. Thanks to Tuo Lei's mediation, I was spared. Mongolian army four. Three saints and the death of monk Chen. However, the building will fall down, and it is impossible to support it alone. Although the army of loyalty and filial piety has repeatedly made outstanding achievements under the leadership of the monk Chen Yanhong, with the imminent demise of Xu Jin, the glory of the army of loyalty and filial piety has also come to an end. After many unsuccessful attacks on Tongguan, the Mongolian army decided to adopt Genghis Khan's last policy and bypass Tongguan by way of Song Dynasty. According to historical records, when Genghis Khan died, his generals said: "The nomads are in Tongguan, with mountains in the south and rivers in the north, which is difficult to break." If it's a fake feud between Song and Jin, it's certainly ok for me, then I'll go down to Tang and Deng and take the lead. If you are in a hurry, you must recruit Tongguan. But with tens of thousands of people and thousands of miles to help, the troops are exhausted. Although they can fight, they will be broken. "According to the operational deployment, Meng Junbing is divided into three ways. The middle route was led by Wokuotai, and it was the first tug-of-war, forcibly crossing Jin Meng and forcibly opening Fengfu. All the way to Zuo Jun, starting from Jinan and marching into Kaifeng. And the most important army on the right, led by, * * * thirty thousand cavalry, carry out Genghis Khan's legacy, false way into the song dynasty, bypass tang and deng. The strategic plan of San San is in full swing. In August of the eighth year, Tuo Lei's army began to go out. 1 1 month, Tuo Lei army has detoured to Xingyuan and Yangzhou. Then, March into Raofengguan. When Jin Aizong heard the news, he decided to fight with Tuo Lei all the way. Focus the remaining 150,000 Jin J main forces on Xiang Deng. Of this150,000 people, there are 20,000 cavalry and 0/30,000 infantry. In view of the shortcomings of poor mobility of 8 Jin Army, Tuo Lei adopted the method of mobile warfare. Tuo Lei did not fight a decisive battle with 8 jin j first, but assumed the posture of going north to Kaifengfu to attract 8 jin j to go north. On the way, Tuo Lei sent Qingqi to harass 8 jin j for many times, which made it impossible for 8 jin j to fight and stop it. Zheng Da nine years in the first month, 8 jin j braved the rain and snow into the three saints, and Tuo Lei main decisive battle. It's raining and snowing at this time, and some people can't eat for three days. The soldiers stood in the snow in armor, and their guns were as cold as rafters. Cold and tired, I can't fight. At the same time, Wokuotai also crossed the Yellow River and sent thousands of cavalry to reinforce Tuo Lei. Tuo Lei deliberately let go of the road to Zhou Jun, and set an ambush to attack 8 jin j.. 8 jin j total collapse, like a landslide, finally under the attack of Meng Jun, completely annihilated. The Battle of the Three Saints In this battle, monk Chen Yanhong and his loyal and filial army took the initiative to attack many times, but they failed to recover the defeat. When the whole army was wiped out, monk Chen Yanhong broke into Zhou Jun. However, under the attack of Meng Jun, Juzhou soon fell. At this time, monk Chen showed his loyalty to the world by his death. When Zhou Jun fell, the monk Chen Yanhong went into hiding first, and only came out after he decided to kill and rob. He introduced himself to Mongolian soldiers. " I am the general of Xu Jin, and I want to see your general. "Mongolian soldiers with several cavalry surrounded him and came to Tuo Lei's camp. Asked his name, the monk Chen enthusiastically said, "I am the leader of the army." I beat you in Dachangyuan, I beat you in Weizhou, and I beat you in Huanhui Valley. If I die in chaos, people will say that I ran away with my country on my back. I will die clearly today, and people all over the world will know me. " I admire monk Chen very much and want him to surrender. But Chen Yanhong would rather die than surrender. ててててててててててててててててててててててててて12 . "Later, the Yuan people said to the envoy of the ruler," China only raised one monk Chen for hundreds of years. " In the history of China, when the country was destroyed, there was always a group of people who refused to give in. They fought the conqueror to the death regardless of their own life and death. This spirit has been deeply integrated into the blood of the Chinese nation and has become the cornerstone of the Chinese nation. We don't judge heroes by success or failure. Chen Yanhong monk and his army of loyalty and filial piety are failed heroes, and their spirit will be remembered by history forever.