Flower language of holly
Holly (common holly) is the birthday flower of 65438+February 25, and the flower language is life.
Interpretation of flower language
The fruit of this plant has a characteristic that it won't fall from the branches all winter. When birds have no feed and are starving, the fruit of Holly can just sustain life. So the flower language of Holly is life.
Anyone blessed by this flower knows the importance and value of life and is born with compassion. The only fly in the ointment is that it is difficult to refuse other people's demands. So we should pay special attention to the heterosexual relationship between men and women.
Morphological characteristic branches of Ilex pubescens
Holly is an evergreen tree, generally as high as 13 meters; The bark is gray or light gray, with longitudinal grooves, and the branchlets are light green and hairless. Annual branchlets are light gray, cylindrical, with thin edges; The lenticels of two to perennial branches are not obvious, and the leaf scars are crescent-shaped.
flower
The inflorescence of Ilex pubescens is a cyme or umbel, which is solitary in the axils of annual branches or clustered in the axils of two-year branches, with sparse single flowers; Flowers are small, white, pink or red, radiate symmetrically, have different cardinal numbers, and are often monoecious due to abortion. Pollen grains are oblong, spherical or oblate; The polar view is triangular, trilobal, nearly triangular, circular or nearly circular, and the equatorial axis is about 17.85-43.35? m； The equatorial plane is oval, oval, rectangular, oval, nearly round or oval, and the polar axis 17.85-43.35? M. There are three holes. The surface ornamentation of the outer wall of pollen grains is mainly rod-shaped, mushroom-shaped, drumstick-shaped, short drumstick-shaped, tumor-shaped and small granular, and several ornamentation molecules are connected together to form irregular water stains. Generally, the ornamentation of 1 pollen is more or less a mixture of the above two or three ornamentation molecules, and one is dominant.
male flower
The inflorescence of Ilex pubescens has 3-4 branches, the total pedicel length is 7- 14 mm, the secondary axis length is 2-5 mm, the pedicel length is 2 mm, and each branch has 7-24 flowers. Flowers lavender or purplish red, 4-5 cardinal numbers; Calyx shallow cup-shaped, lobes broadly ovate-triangular, ciliate; Corolla radial, about 5 mm in diameter, petals ovoid, 2.5 mm long and 2 mm wide, reflexed when opened, slightly connate at the base; Stamens are shorter than petals, 65438 0.5 mm long, and anthers are oval; Degenerate ovary conical, less than 65438 0 mm long.
pistillate flower
Ilex pubescens inflorescence 1-2 branches, 3-7 flowers, the total pedicel length is about 3- 10 mm, flat, secondary axis dysplasia. Pedicel length 6- 10 mm; Calyx and petals are male flowers, the length of staminodes is about 1/2 of petals, and abortive anthers are heart-shaped; Ovary ovoid, stigma with inconspicuous 4-5 lobes, thick disk. The fruit is spherical, red at maturity, long 10- 12 mm, and 6-8 mm in diameter; 4-5 nuclei, narrowly lanceolate, 9- 1 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, smooth back, concave, triangular cross section, and thick leathery endocarp.
The flowering period of Holly is from April to June.
leaf
Hollyleaf alternate, sparse opposite; Leaf blade leathery, papery or membranous, oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, stipules small, callose, usually persistent. 5- 1 1 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, tapering at the top, wedge-shaped or obtuse at the base, young leaves sometimes serrated, stalked or subsessile. The leaves are green and shiny, dark brown when dry, and light green on the back. The main vein is flat on the leaves and convex on the back. 6-9 pairs of lateral veins, not obvious on the leaves, obviously hairless on the back of the leaves, or sometimes villous on the terminal buds, petioles and main veins of young leaves of male plants; Petiole 8- 10 mm long, flat or sometimes with narrow grooves.
fruit
The fruit of Ilex pubescens is berrylike drupe, which is usually spherical, red, thin and black at maturity, with membranous exocarp or cardboard, fleshy mesocarp or obviously leathery, woody or stony endocarp. Length 10- 12mm, diameter 6-8mm; 4-5 nuclei, narrowly lanceolate, 9- 1 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, smooth back, concave, triangular cross section, and thick leathery endocarp. The surface is smooth, with stripes, ridges and grooves or many wrinkles and depressions, and there are 1 seed.
The fruiting period of Ilex pubescens is July-65438+February.
The ecological habits of Ilex Holly is a subtropical tree species, which likes warm climate and has certain cold tolerance. Suitable for fertile, moist and well-drained acid soil. Moisture resistance, strong germination, neat pruning. Strong anti-carbon dioxide ability. It is more common in hillside miscellaneous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests and forest margins on hillsides at an altitude of 500- 1000 meters.
At the same time, holly is also suitable for solitary planting on the lawn, row planting on both sides of doors, walls and garden roads, or scattered planting on rubble and hills. Holly is often dwarfed by old piles or growth inhibition, and used to make bonsai.
Environmental requirements for cultivation techniques of Ilex pubescens.
Holly is suitable for planting in humid and semi-cloudy places, likes fertile soil and can grow well in general soil, and has no strict requirements on the environment.
Planting method
Sowing propagation
After the fruit matures in autumn, it is harvested, peeled and rinsed, and the seeds are treated with low temperature and wet sand to accelerate germination, and planted before March of the following spring. Seedling growth is slow, so it should be carefully maintained and managed. Holly seeds usually germinate every other year if they don't germinate.
cutting
In the rainy season, it is advisable to adopt softwood cutting, the cutting length is 6 ~ 8 cm, and the lower leaves are cut off, leaving only L ~ 2 leaves and short cuttings, and the cutting depth is 1/2. After cutting, sand should be used as the substrate, shed for shade, and water should be sprayed frequently to keep moisture, and it will take root after about 1 month. First, we can cut obliquely from the middle and upper part of the crown, take 5 ~ 10 cm long and vigorous lateral branches to cut off the lower leaflets, and keep all the upper leaves. Then it is treated with rooting powder, cut off and cut into seedbeds. The seedbed should be selected in a ventilated and shade-tolerant place, or it can be cut in shade, with high survival rate.
liquid manure
The seedlings planted in that year can grow naturally by watering once, and watering once every 15 days according to the soil moisture. Combined with intertillage weeding, topdressing 1 ~ 2 times a year is appropriate in spring and autumn, and dilute liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen is generally applied.
Plastic trimming
Holly sprouts and grows branches many times a year, which is extremely resistant to pruning. It should be pruned once in summer, and it can be pruned into a flat shape or a spherical shape or a conical shape in autumn according to different greening needs, and the branches should be properly thinned to maintain a certain crown-shaped branching state. Measures such as piling up soil to prevent cold can be taken in cold places in winter.
Functions and uses of Ilex pubescens