Wall greening is an effective measure to improve the urban ecological environment; It is a high-tech developed to cope with a series of social and environmental problems such as the acceleration of urbanization, the expansion of urban population, the shortage of land supply and the increasingly serious urban heat island effect. Compared with traditional plane greening, wall greening has more space. Turning "concrete forest" into real green natural forest is a leap from two-dimensional space to three-dimensional space in greening concept and will become a new trend of greening in the future.

Dust retention and sterilization: Green plants can release a lot of oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide in the process of solar photosynthesis, and at the same time, they can block, filter and absorb all kinds of dust, bacteria and harmful and toxic gases in the air.

Improve the greening rate and enrich the landscape: vertical greening does not occupy the land area, which is beneficial to the greening rate in the base, and can form a rich site environment and a more unique and vivid building facade type.

Noise reduction: 26% of outdoor noise can be absorbed by absorption and reflection.

Vertical greening plant selection

Because the ecological factors such as sunshine, temperature, air composition and wind force on the building wall are obviously different from the ground. The ecological factors of different floors, different regions and different conditions are different. Only by selecting plants according to the requirements of ecological factors on the roof can we achieve the expected results. The selection of plants for wall greening must proceed from the environment of the building wall, first consider meeting the basic requirements of plant growth, and then consider the art of plant configuration.

1.

Choose drought-tolerant and drought-tolerant plants.

Because of the high temperature in summer, strong wind, poor water retention and poor thermal insulation of soil layer in winter, plants with strong drought resistance and cold resistance should be selected. Also consider the special geographical environment and bearing requirements of the wall.

2.

Choose plants that are resistant to wind and are not prone to lodging.

In the building wall, the wind is stronger than the ground, especially in the rainy season or when there is a typhoon, the wind and rain are the most harmful to the survival of plants, and the planting layer on the wall is thin, so we should choose some plants that are wind-resistant and not prone to lodging.

3.

Choose plants that are mainly evergreen plants and can survive the winter.

The purpose of greening the building wall is to increase the green area of the city and beautify the "fifth facade". Plants should be mainly evergreen, choose varieties with beautiful leaf shape and plant shape, appropriately plant some colorful plants and arrange some potted seasonal flowers to create an atmosphere with scenery all year round.

4.

Choose a barren-tolerant money tree

Most of the building walls are in direct sunlight with high light intensity, and plants should be as positive as possible. The planting layer of the building wall is very thin. In order to prevent the root system from eroding the building structure, shallow root system and barren-tolerant plant species should be selected as far as possible.

5.

Choose native plants

Try to choose native plants and introduce new varieties of greening appropriately. Native plants have strong adaptability to the local climate. When the environment is relatively bad, choosing native plants can get twice the result with half the effort.

Commonly used in plants:

Morphological characteristics of Boston fern: perennial evergreen fern. Rootstock erect, with stolons. Leaves clustered, up to 60 cm long, slender compound leaves, drooping after unfolding.

Ecological habits: Sexual preference for warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment, ventilation and avoiding extreme heat.

Garden use: drooping fern foliage plants are suitable for indoor hanging and ornamental, potted plants and vertical greening, and their creeping branches can be cut off as decorative materials.

Morphological characteristics: Sedum sarmentosum is a perennial succulent herb, with sterile branches creeping and rooting, erect fruiting branches, pale yellow flowers, flowering in May-June and fruiting in July-August.

Ecological habits: drought resistance, high temperature resistance, strong cold resistance, moisture resistance, saline-alkali resistance and barren resistance. Strong resistance to pests and diseases, fast growth, easy reproduction, no need to prune.

Morphological characteristics of Sedum sarmentosum: perennial herb, hairless. Stem height 10 ~ 20cm. Impeller is raw and blades are linear. Inflorescence cymose, terminal, flowering in April-May and fruiting in June-July.

Ecological habit: strong adaptability, no choice of soil, strong cold tolerance. It is a succulent plant with extremely high water content, and the cuticle of its leaves and stems has the characteristics of preventing water evaporation.

Morphological characteristics of African Impatiens: perennial herbs. The stems are much branched, smooth, and the internodes are swollen. The leaves are oval, and the edges are blunt and jagged. Flowers axillary, 1 ~ 3, flat in shape and rich in color.

Ecological habits: not resistant to high temperature and sunlight. Warm, humid and sunny environment is preferred, and loose, fertile and well-drained humus soil or peat soil is better.

Common lianas:

Wisteria is a climbing and winding vine with deciduous leaves, light-loving, shade-tolerant, cold-resistant and strong stress resistance. The flowers are purple or deep purple, and the flowering period is April-May. Wisteria is often used in flower stands, lakes and so on. And its flowering period is beautiful.

Ivy is a perennial evergreen climbing vine, which likes warm and cool environment, abundant sunlight, no cold tolerance and strong stress resistance. The flowers are small, yellow-white or green-white, and the flowering period is 9- 165438+ 10. Ivy is also an excellent indoor potted plant.

Ling Xiao: Ecological deciduous woody vine. Feathers are the opposite. The flowers are orange-red, and the sparse terminal panicle consists of three cymes. Capsule flowering from June to August.

Fireworks are also called firecrackers, eel vines, Buddleja flowers, torch flowers and golden corals. Fireworks are named after flowers like firecrackers. They are planted around garden buildings and climb on trees.

New green wall

modularized

Plant plants with modular components to realize the form of wall greening. The greening module consists of planting components (boxes), planting substrates and plants. Plant growth must have three elements: nutrients, water and air. As the planting component of the container, it must meet the necessary conditions for plant growth, such as fixing the root system of the plant, storing water, draining water, circulating air and hanging and fixing with buildings.

Paving type

That is to say, a planting plane system composed of growth substrates and plants is directly laid on the wall, or a planting system is formed on the wall by spray seeding technology.

Climbing or hanging type

This is the most common vertical greening form at present, which is often used for slope greening and wall greening. That is to plant climbing or hanging vines on the wall, such as Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Trachelospermum, Ivy, Euonymus fortunei, and green radish.

Swing mode

That is, install potted flowers in a vertical frame made of stainless steel, reinforced concrete or other materials, or directly install artificial substrates on the building wall to realize wall greening. On the basis of artificial support, all kinds of cultivation substrate boards are installed, including potted plants, packaging, box-type and embedded.

Package type

That is, a process system developed on the basis of wall greening system.

V-shaped plate groove type

That is, V-shaped plate grooves are installed on the wall at regular intervals, and light planting substrates are filled in the plate grooves, and then various plants are planted on the substrates. There are many kinds of suitable plants, and shrubs, flowers or plants with strong climbing or hanging vines can be planted in combination; Can be irrigated or micro-irrigated.