It is inevitable to get hurt in daily life. If your impression of wound treatment still stays in disinfection with "hydrogen peroxide", then apply red or purple medicine and cover it with gauze that will stick to the wound; Or think that the wound must be "scabbed" to be good. These ideas and practices may be outdated and not necessarily correct!
Xiao Ming, 5, is very active. On Sunday, he and his parents went to the park to play, and then ran. One of them accidentally fell, his knee was bruised and bleeding, and there was a lot of sand and mud on the wound, which made his parents feel distressed. How to treat wounds and help them heal quickly?
It hurts! Clean the wound first.
The principle of wound management depends on the depth of the wound and the injured environment. If the wound is deep and dirty, you need to find a medical institution for medical assistance, and the doctor will judge whether to suture or debride. If it is a superficial and simple wound, it can be treated by itself.
Take care of the wound yourself Pay attention to the cleanliness of the wound first. It is best to use physiological saline. If not, you can wash the wound with clean tap water first. You must master the principle of cleaning before further treating the wound, otherwise it is easy to get infected.
The following is a brief description of the treatment of trauma types:
Falls and abrasions (wounds with wounds)
First, wash away the dirt with normal saline. (as shown in figure 1)
Second, dirty wounds can be disinfected with iodine. When the optimal iodine penetrates into the wound, wipe off the excess optimal iodine. (as shown in figure 2)
Third, cover artificial skin. (as shown in figure 3)
If the wound is clean, you don't need to wear iodine. After washing with normal saline, it is directly covered with artificial skin.
Artificial skin can't replace real skin. It's just a hydrophilic dressing. Sticking to the wound will absorb the tissue fluid oozing from the wound. It is recommended to replace it in 1 ~ 2 days. After seeing that the wound has almost healed and new skin has grown on the surface, there is no need to use it again.
The purpose of sticking artificial skin is to keep the wound moist and help the wound heal. As for the excellent iodine, its function is sterilization, but it will also have a * * * effect on normal skin cells, so it is necessary to rub the excellent iodine on dirty wounds.
Recommended reading: nursing analysis of large and small wounds, and those who don't want to leave scars must be collected!
Knife wound (split wound)
First, press to stop bleeding, and then rinse the wound with normal saline.
Second, both sides of the epidermis can be pasted with beauty glue. If you want to strengthen the protection of the wound, you can stick a waterproof "artificial membrane" (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5). If the wound continues to ooze blood after the above treatment, or the wound is deep, it is recommended to find a doctor for suture.
In addition, this kind of wound can also use a product commonly known as "liquid OK tension" (as shown in Figure 6), which is similar to the gel (also called medical three-second glue) used to bond wounds in hospitals. This gel has waterproof function, which can prevent the invasion of wound bacteria and form a wound barrier. It is suitable for shallow tearing wounds (such as knife wounds and cuts), but not for wounds with wounds (such as large-area abrasions).
Don't be superstitious and dry the wound! Keeping it slightly moist is beneficial to healing.
The concept of wound care should keep pace with the times. In the past, it was generally thought that "the wound should be dry", but in fact, the dried wound is easy to scab, and it is easy to leave scars after scabbing. Many studies have confirmed that it is better to keep the wound moist quickly without infection or with low risk of infection. Because wounds will heal through the proliferation of epidermal cells or fibroblasts, dry wounds are not conducive to the proliferation of these cells.
If the wound remains moist, the epidermis will grow directly without scabbing. Unless it is surgically stitched or pasted with cosmetic glue, it must be kept dry because the epidermis is closed.
As for the OK tension and gauze commonly used by ordinary people, only the function of covering the wound can avoid the wound from being polluted. If it is an open wound, the gauze will stick to the wound directly, and the next dressing change will tear off the healed wound, which is very painful. It is not recommended to treat the wound like this now. It is recommended to use artificial skin to keep the wound moist.
Recommended reading: Staphylococcal infection in small wounds may cause cellulitis.
What kind of wound needs medical treatment?
When the wound is deep and needs to be sutured, or the wound is bleeding, or there are signs of infection, or the injured environment is too dirty and bitten by animals, it is recommended to seek medical treatment.
Under normal circumstances, the bleeding can be stopped in about 10 minutes if the shallow cut wound does not hurt the big blood vessels. If the bleeding continues for more than 10 minutes, you'd better see a doctor.
In addition, shallow wounds will heal within 1 ~ 2 weeks. If the wound does not heal, there may be infection or other problems. If the wound is found to be red, swollen, painful and suppurative, it is also recommended to seek medical treatment at this time. When necessary, the doctor will give antibiotics to avoid the serious consequences of cellulitis.
Q: Do I need to apply ointment containing antibiotics when I am injured?
A. If the injured environment is very dirty or bitten by animals, the risk of infection is very high. It is recommended to see a doctor. The doctor should prescribe an "antibiotic ointment" to rub on the wound to prevent infection.
Q, can the wound be wiped with the so-called little nurse (quick-acting mother) or tiger balm?
A, the function of these products is to reduce temperature and relieve pain, but these oils may affect wound healing, so it is not recommended to use them on wounds with wounds. If it is used on the intact epidermis, such as congestion and swelling, it will not affect it.
Q, can't you get wet before the wound heals?
A, if it is a clean aseptic wound operated in a hospital, it can be dipped in water after 48 hours. However, in general cases of trauma, it is best not to get wet before the wound heals. You can cover the wound with waterproof artificial skin, artificial membrane and other materials. Even if you wash your hands in the shower, you are not afraid of water penetration, but don't let the wound soak in water for a long time.
Q, I'm hurt. When should I get a tetanus shot?
A. Tetanus is caused by tetanus Bacillus and is usually hidden in the soil. If the wound is polluted, it will secrete a neurotoxin, which will make the muscles stiff, and the mortality rate is about 10% ~ 90%. There are diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccines in the infant vaccination program in Taiwan Province Province, so there are few cases of tetanus.
However, the protective power of this vaccine will gradually fade after about 65,438+00 years. Therefore, if necessary, if the wound is deep or exposed to unclean environment or bitten by animals, it is still recommended to go to the hospital, and the doctor will evaluate whether it is necessary to take tetanus toxoid (tetanus vaccine) to activate the immune memory of the body and avoid the invasion of tetanus bacilli.
The National Health Foundation authorized the reprinting of original materials. Should it be disinfected if it is injured and bleeding? Want to pack? How to deal with it correctly?