Bios voltage related adjustment options
CPU ratio: CPU frequency doubling adjustment function. Cpu host frequency (MHz): CPU external frequency adjustment function. DDR:CPU ratio: This option is used to adjust the DRAM:CPU frequency ratio. When the CPU's external frequency is 100MHz, the default values of this option are 2.00X and 2.66X, and when the CPU's external frequency is 133MHz, the default values of this option are 1.50X, 2.00X and 2.50x..Agp voltage: voltage regulation function of AGP graphics card. Through it, users can adjust the working voltage of AGP graphics card. Of course, this option is the same as the CPU voltage and should not be easily adjusted. DDR voltage: Memory voltage adjustment function. Like AGP voltage and CPU voltage, it is used to adjust the working voltage of memory.
Extended reading of AMD and Intel voltage regulation related knowledge
1) The official name of AMD processor voltage configuration.
VDD:
"VDD" mainly controls the CPU voltage, and its unofficial name is "Core Voltage (Vcore)". Usually, when we talk about "CPU voltage", we are talking about "core voltage". In the motherboard setting options, words such as "CPU Vcore", "CPU offset voltage", "CPU voltage at next boot", "CPU Vcore7-Shift" and "processor voltage" usually appear, all of which refer to "CPU voltage".
VDDNB:
"VDDNB" refers to the voltage that controls the CPU memory controller, the CPU hypertransport controller and the CPU three-level cache. This part is usually called "North Bridge". In AM2 architecture of AMD CPU product line, the voltages of VDD and VDDNB are the same. However, from the perspective of AM2+ architecture, AMD uses partial voltage to supply power to CPU and memory controller (AMD calls it "split board") or "dual dynamic power management").
VDDA:
VDDA ",this voltage is the clock amplification loop used in cpu, also called synchronization loop. This voltage can be converted into "cpu vdda voltage" and cpu pll voltage according to the selection. This option is only available for high-end motherboards. This is the clock circuit of the voltage multiplier used in the central processing unit, also called lock (phase locked loop). With this voltage, you can change options, such as "CPU VDDA voltage" and "CPU frequency voltage". Usually only high-end motherboards have such a choice.
VDDIO:
This is to control the voltage of the memory bus independently. JEDEC (a memory standard-setting organization) calls it SSTL (the standard is specifically for high-speed memory interfaces. SSTL specifies the switching characteristics and special termination scheme, which can obtain a voltage as high as 200MHz. This is the so-called memory voltage, and several different names often appear in motherboard options: DIMM voltage, DRAM voltage, memory overvoltage, VDIMM selection and memory voltage. The default value of this option is usually "sstl _1.8" (ddr2 memory, 1.8V) or "sstl _1.5" (ddr3 memory, 1.5V).
VTT
VTT ",which is the voltage for the internal terminal logic part of the memory chip. The default setting value of this option is "VDDIO". However, it should be noted that Intel CPU also has a voltage called "VTT", but its meaning and usage are completely different.
VLDT
VLDT ",this voltage is used to connect to the hypertransport bus of CPU. This voltage is usually called "HT voltage", "HT overvoltage", "NB/HT voltage" or some similar names.
Introduction to all voltages of AMD chipset:
NB voltage:
"NB voltage" means that if it is determined that the "Northbridge voltage" option has nothing to do with the CPU VDDD NB voltage on the motherboard, then this option is related to the voltage of the Northbridge chipset.
NB 1.8 V voltage:
Nb 1.8V voltage ":AMD chipset uses two independent voltages. A 1.2 volt (configured by the above options, called VDD _ core). You can also select another voltage 1.8 volts through this option, which is used as the chip clock multiplier circuit (or PLL, PLL circuit).
Graphics engine voltage:
The "graphics engine voltage" is called "graphics engine voltage". This option usually appears on motherboards with integrated graphics cards. If you want to overclock the onboard graphics card through the motherboard, you can adjust the voltage of the integrated graphics controller chipset through this voltage option. This option is sometimes called "mGPU voltage".
Side port voltage:
"Side Voltage": This voltage is supplied to the memory chip integrated with the graphics card, and the voltage of the onboard image engine can be adjusted through the motherboard.
SB voltage:
"SB voltage" is used to control the voltage of South Bridge chipset.
PCI Express voltage
"PCI Express voltage", which is used for PCI-E bus and overclocking PCI-E bus. This option is also called PCIE VDDA voltage or VDD PCIE voltage.
The voltage name of the Intel CPU processor.
VCC:
"VCC" is mainly responsible for CPU voltage, which is unofficially called "Vcore" and usually called "CPU voltage".
VTT:
"VTT": This voltage line supplies power for integrated memory controller (a part of CPU), QPI bus (a part of CPU), FBS terminal, three-level cache, temperature controller bus and other circuits that depend on CPU. It should be noted that there is also VTT voltage on AMD CPU, but it is completely different from Intel's VTT, and the VDDNB voltage of Intel CPU and AMD CPU is not much different in meaning. When changing this voltage, options like CPU VTT, CPU FSB, IMC voltage and QPI/VTT voltage may appear.
Now the power supply of SNB and IVB is divided into three parts, cpu, GPU (nuclear display) and vvt.
VCCPLL:
The voltage of VCCPLL is used for cpu clock multiplier (PLL). When this voltage option changes, you will see the "CPU PLL voltage" option.
VAXG:
"VAXG" voltage is used to control video controllers in embedded CPU, such as Pentium G6950, Core i3 5xxx and Core i5 6xx processors. This option can also be called: graphics core, GFX voltage, IGP voltage, IGD voltage, VAXG voltage and so on.
CPU clock voltage
"CPU clock voltage" refers to the CPU clock voltage. Some motherboards allow raising the CPU clock voltage, and the options are often called "CPU clock drive control" or "CPU amplification control".
All AMD CPU have embedded memory controllers, but Intel does not. Only the latest model (Core i3i5i7) of His has this function, so whether the memory bus is in the CPU or on the North Bridge chip of the chipset depends on the platform.
There are three different voltages in the memory bus section:
VDDQ:
"VDDQ", which is the voltage signal on the memory bus. JEDEC, the organization that manages memory standards, calls it SSTL voltage. This is a memory voltage configuration. Of course, this voltage has different names on different motherboards: there are several different names: DIMM voltage, DIMM voltage control, DRAM voltage, DRAM bus voltage, memory overvoltage, VDIMM selection or memory voltage, and so on. The default value of DDR2 memory is 1.8 volts (SSTL_ 1.8), and the default value of DDR3 is 1.5 volts (SSTL_ 1.5).
Termination voltage
"Terminal voltage" is called terminal voltage. This voltage is the voltage used by the memory chip to supply power to the terminal logic. The default value is half of VDDQ/SSTL voltage, which is usually called "termination voltage" or "DRAM termination". It is worth noting that AMD CPU calls this voltage "VTT", while Intel CPU's VTT is the secondary voltage of the processor.
Reference voltage
"Reference voltage", reference voltage. The reference voltage sets the memory controller and memory module in the form of "0" or "1". When the memory bus voltage is lower than the reference voltage, it is "0" and when it is higher than the reference voltage, it is "1". The default value of this voltage is half of SSTL voltage (also called 0.500x), but some motherboards allow this ratio to be changed, usually through the names of options such as "DDR_VREF_CA_A" and "DRAM Ctrl Ref Voltage". "CA", "Ctrl" and "Address" are related to the control lines of the memory bus, while "DA" and "Data" are related to the data lines of the memory bus. These options are all booster configuration options. For example, "0.395x" means that the reference voltage is 0.395 times the SSTL voltage. Generally, the motherboard of an Intel processor allows you to control each memory channel, so "DDR_VREF_CA_A" is the reference voltage of channel A and "DDR_VREF_CA_B" is the reference voltage of channel B. ..
The voltage name of the Intel chipset.
North bridge voltage
"Northbridge voltage" refers to the Northbridge voltage. This part of the voltage is supplied to the north bridge chip of the motherboard. Intel's Northbridge chip is used as MCH (Memory Controller Hub for CPU without embedded memory controller on motherboard), IOH(I/O Hub) or PCH (Platform Controller Hub), but the name of this option may be slightly different on different motherboards. PCH chips have two different voltages, VccVcore (core main voltage, set to "PCH 1.05v" or "PCH voltage" on the motherboard) and VccVrm (power supply voltage of clock multiplier in the chip, set to "pch 1.8v" or "pch pll voltage" on the motherboard).
South bridge voltage
"Southbridge voltage" is the guide bridge voltage, which is provided by the motherboard chipset to the Southbridge chip. Intel southbridge chip is used as ICH(I/O control center), so this option has some different names: "SB voltage" or "ICH voltage".
PCI Express voltage
"PCI Express Voltage": To change the voltage of PCI-E, you need to confirm whether each PCI-E slot is connected to the system. For example, some Intel CPUs can control an x 16, or connect two graphics cards x8 PCI-E with low-speed slots controlled by a chipset. In some settings, the North Bridge chip supplies power to the PCI-E x 16 slot, and the South Bridge chip supplies power to the low-speed PCI-E x8, while the voltage of the PCI-E slot is generally connected to the chip voltage line through hard wiring, so it can be automatically changed when you change the CPU, depending on which line you connect, North Bridge or South Bridge. Some chipsets have separate voltages for PCI-E slots. On the motherboard based on this chipset, you can find different settings for adjusting PCI-E voltage. For example, to adjust the PCI-E x 16 controlled by Northbridge chipset, it is necessary to adjust the IOHPCIE voltage, while the low-speed PCIE controlled by Southbridge is adjusted by the ICHPCIE voltage.