Cultivation of natural cup-shaped crown: after transplanting the annual grafted seedlings, leave the stem 1 m high, cut off the top, cut off the mouth buds and leave strong buds. Keep pulling out new branches below 1 m, and you can choose to be the main branch. Generally, new branches 30-40 cm above the ground are left as the first main branches; 20-30cm above the first main branch, selecting a new branch as the second main branch;
At 1 m, that is, the new branch extracted from the cutting bud is the third main branch. The three main branches should be evenly distributed around the trunk, and it is best not to rotate. When pruning in summer, the upright branches, sprouting branches and sprouting rootstocks on the main branches should be removed to avoid affecting the growth and early formation of the main branches. When cutting in the winter of the following year, the main branch is cut short, and the tender buds are cut off to keep the strong buds, so as to cultivate the extension branches of the main branch.
In addition, select and leave suitable side branches on each main branch. It should be noted that the side branches at the same level stay in the same direction, so as not to cross each other and affect the tree shape and ventilation.
Cultivation of natural happy crown: after transplanting the annual grafted seedlings, the stems should be fixed at 40-60 cm. Generally, three main branches (a few of them have four or five main branches) are selected in the plastic belt above the fixed height of the trunk, and the main branches should be evenly distributed, keeping about 45 degrees from the central trunk and growing radially.
Remove all remaining branches. When cutting in the next winter, cut the main branch by 30-50 cm to prepare for the promotion of side branches. Other branches, branches sprouting on the trunk and buds on the rootstock should also be removed. This forms a natural and happy crown shape.
Do plastic surgery
Make it more natural and happy. The height of the stem is about 60 cm, leaving 3-4 main branches, and the opening angle of the main branches is 50-60. Each main branch should have 65,438+0-2 auxiliary branches, and the branchlets on the main branch and auxiliary branches should be as few as possible. Pruning period includes winter pruning and summer pruning.
Although the first-bearing trees (3-4 years after planting) have borne fruit, they grow vigorously with many white branches and dense branches. It is necessary to take summer pruning measures such as wiping buds, pinching branches and twisting branches to suppress the strong and help the weak and maintain the balance of trees. For peach trees in full fruit stage, due to years of fruiting, the tree vigor slows down, the number of long branches and secondary branches is obviously reduced, and the proportion of medium and short branches is increased. It is necessary to give priority to short branches, delete over-dense branches and strong branches at the top, and improve the lighting conditions between branches; Need to update weak branches in time.
plant
Peach is a temperate plant, which needs some light in summer, but it needs cooler temperature and a lot of water and fertilizer at night, so it is not drought-tolerant. Generally, it is grafting planting. Cut the tree into an open palm shape, so that all parts can get enough sunshine (unlike the central leading branch of apple). Taoyuan and apple orchard are easy to distinguish on the tree shape.
Extended data:
form
Small deciduous trees; The leaves are narrowly ovoid to lanceolate, with a length of 15cm and a width of 4cm, a slender top, fine teeth at the edge, dark green luster, and nectaries at the base of the leaves; The bark is dark gray, and cracks appear with age;
Flowers are solitary, from light to dark pink or red, sometimes white, with short stalks and a diameter of 4 cm, and bloom in early spring; Nearly spherical drupe with hairy surface, edible pulp, orange-yellow with red stripes, 7.5 cm in diameter, deep pits and furrows, and black seeds.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-peach