The cultivation, maintenance and pest control of plum blossoms may be harmed by pests and diseases; It can be controlled by the following chemicals: 35% chlorantraniliprole dispersible granule 6000~ 15000 times, 52.25% cypermethrin chlorpyrifos EC 1000 ~ 1500 times and 48% chlorpyrifos EC 800 ~ 1000 times. 65438+654389.5% fenazaquin EC 2 000 ~ 3 000 times, 15% pyridaben EC 1 500 times, 5% flufenoxuron EC 65 438+0 000 ~ 2 000 times, 73% propargite EC 2 500 ~ 3 000 times. 10% compound liuyangmycin EC 1000 times, 5% clothianidin EC 2000 times, 70% imidacloprid wettable powder 7500~ 10000 times, 10% nitenpyram soluble solution 3000 times, 20% acetamiprid. 28% fenphoxim EC 1000~ 1500 times, 0.5% berberine aqueous solution 500~800 times, 25% propiconazole EC 3000 times, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times and 70% pyrimethanil. 40% flusilazole EC 5000 times, 25% azoxystrobin suspension 1500 times, 1000 times 15% hymexazol aqueous solution 400-800 times, 80% hymexazol thiram wettable powder and 70% tebuconazole soluble powder 30000 times. 15% mixed amino acid copper, zinc, manganese and magnesium aqueous solution is 300 times, and one or two of the above agents can be mixed with 50% soluble chlorobromoisocyanuric acid powder 1500 times, 0. 15% natural brassinolide emulsifiable concentrate 6000- 10000 times, and green.
Cultivation method of large-scale planting osmanthus trees The planting method is as follows:
1. Open field cultivation: There are more osmanthus flowers planted in the field than in early spring. The planting site should be sunny, well drained and deep in soil. Dig a big pit before planting, apply more organic fertilizer and plant ash at the same time. Seedlings need to be transplanted with soil ropes in order to survive.
2. Watering and drainage: Osmanthus fragrans is mainly watered within one month after new planting and in the summer of the year of planting. The newly planted osmanthus must be watered, and it can be watered in time according to the weather and site conditions. In addition, in order to promote the early flowering of osmanthus fragrans, in mid-September, when the flower buds begin to germinate, appropriate amount of water should be used to keep the soil moist. Osmanthus fragrans seedlings do not need a lot of watering during normal maintenance, but can be properly watered in particularly dry summer and autumn.
3. Rational fertilization: thin fertilizer should be applied frequently, mainly with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and large and medium-sized seedlings should be fertilized three or four times a year. Fertilizer must be applied where the roots can absorb it. Seedling roots are concentrated, and transplanting is easy to survive. Therefore, fertilization in nursery should not be too far away from seedling crown, otherwise the root system will expand outward. But it is not suitable to be applied under the trunk, which is not conducive to the absorption of fertilizer.
4. Plastic decoration:
(1) When osmanthus fragrans germinates, the buds on the trunk and base can also germinate. The useless buds at the lower part of the trunk should be peeled off in time to concentrate water and nutrition, promote the development of the upper branches and form an ideal tree shape.
(2) To cultivate dried osmanthus fragrans by thinning branches, we should consciously cultivate the trunk straight from the beginning of seedlings, maintain a certain height under branches, and cut off useless branches. Generally, the height under the branches of osmanthus fragrans is about 1.5 meters.
(3) Cut the overgrown top branches to keep the height of osmanthus fragrans at about 3.5 meters and the crown width at 2.5-3 meters. When transplanting Osmanthus fragrans, in order to maintain a complete tree shape, it is not advisable to cut it forcefully, but only cut off dead branches, disease and insect branches, sparse overlapping branches, cross branches and thin branches, and control long branches.
Methods, skills and pest control measures of how to breed water lily 1. Sowing time: Lotus seeds have no dormancy period, as long as the water temperature can be kept above 16℃, they can be sowed all year round. Under suitable temperature and light conditions, it takes 50-60 days from sowing to flowering in spring and 60-80 days in autumn.
Second, seed treatment: the shell of lotus seeds is hard and dense, and artificial crevasse must be carried out before soaking seeds. Lotus seeds have small tips at one end and small pits at the other. Wear the pitted end on the rough concrete floor or pinch a small hole with a vise. Be careful not to clamp the seed embryo or shell it.
Third, soaking seeds to accelerate germination: the water temperature of 20℃-30℃ in summer is very suitable for lotus seed germination. According to the number of seeds, soak the seeds in a bowl or pot with water. Put it indoors and change the water twice a day. It can germinate within 1 week. After budding, put it in a sunny place, strengthen the light, and do not lack water. After 2 weeks, fine roots and 2 ~ 3 young lotus leaves will grow. When the leaves are money-shaped, the roots can be distributed.
4. Seedling transplanting: choose a bottomless pottery basin or plastic flowerpot with a diameter of 18 cm ~ 30 cm, add half a basin of garden soil or river mud without chemical pollution to the basin, and soak it in water two weeks in advance without fertilization. When transplanting, press the fine roots of Schima superba seedlings into the mud, one in each pot, and add appropriate amount of water after transplanting, so that the water will not drown the small lotus leaves.
Five, autumn and winter management: 2 ~ 3 weeks after transplanting, the leaves become Huang Shi, and a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be applied topdressing, and dilute fertilizer can be applied frequently. Lotus likes warm and light, but is not tolerant of darkness. When the outside temperature is lower than 16℃, it grows slowly and should be moved to the solar greenhouse.
How to fertilize osmanthus trees with a height of 8 to 10 cm, how much fertilizer should be applied and the technology of planting osmanthus trees are all about the osmanthus conservation technology of osmanthus trees.
1 intertillage weeding: At present, most nurseries still use manual intertillage weeding. Tree tray with trunk as the center and diameter of 1 m, with emphasis on loosening soil and weeding. Mechanical intertillage with small tractors. Generally, mechanical intertillage can be used to weed in large seedling areas with row spacing 1 m or more. The small seedling area can be carried out two or three times a month. In addition, in order to prevent soil hardening after irrigation or rainfall, intertillage should be carried out to loosen the soil to facilitate the growth of seedlings.
Water drainage: Osmanthus fragrans is mainly watered within one month after new planting and in the summer of the same year. The newly planted osmanthus must be watered, which can be watered according to the weather and site conditions. Conditionally spray water on the crown of the plant to maintain a certain air humidity and reduce the evaporation of water from the seedlings. In addition, in order to promote the early flowering of osmanthus fragrans, when the flower buds begin to germinate in mid-September, appropriate amount of water should be used to keep the soil moist. Osmanthus fragrans seedlings do not need a lot of watering during normal maintenance, but can be properly watered in particularly dry summer and autumn. Osmanthus fragrans is not tolerant to waterlogging, and poor drainage will lead to a large number of deciduous roots rotting or even dying. Drainage or transplanting waterlogged plants in time and adding a certain amount of sand for planting can promote the growth of new roots.
3. Rational fertilization: Fertilize the seedlings three to four times a year on the principle of applying nitrogen thinly and frequently. In early spring, before the buds began to swell, the roots began to absorb fertilizer. Therefore, in early spring, organic fertilizer should be applied to the tree tray to promote the growth of spring shoots. Spring shoots are branches that bloom in autumn that year. When the buds in spring grow strong, there will be more flowers in the future. In order to restore the tree vigor and supplement the nutrition after flowering in autumn, inorganic fertilizer or garbage miscellaneous fertilizer should be applied in early winter. Fertilization can be applied once or twice according to the growth of osmanthus fragrans. The newly transplanted osmanthus fragrans root system has weak absorption capacity, so it is not suitable for topdressing prematurely. The base fertilizer of the transplant pit should be mixed with soil before covering it. The root system can't be in direct contact with fertilizer, so as not to damage the root system and affect the survival rate.
Fertilizer must be applied where the roots can absorb it. Seedling root system is easy to survive after centralized transplanting, and fertilization in nursery should not be too far away from seedling crown, otherwise the root system will expand outward. But it is not suitable to be applied under the trunk, which is not conducive to the absorption of fertilizer.
How to raise osmanthus trees, cultivation methods and precautions of osmanthus trees;
Best breeding time: The best breeding time of osmanthus trees is in spring.
The most suitable soil for growth: osmanthus trees have low requirements on soil, and can generally grow except alkaline soil, low-lying land and soil that is too sticky and poorly drained.
The slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is more suitable.
Requirements for growth humidity: The optimum relative humidity of osmanthus trees should be kept above 85%.
Optimum growth temperature: The optimum growth temperature of osmanthus fragrans is 15 ~ 28℃.
Optimum growth light: osmanthus trees generally need six to eight hours of light every day to avoid strong light or shade.
Matters needing attention in osmanthus tree cultivation: fertilization: osmanthus tree is mainly organic fertilizer. When osmanthus trees germinate in spring, fully decomposed pancake fertilizer water or pig manure liquid should be applied every 10 day, and it is best to apply compound organic fertilizer after July.
The last application of liquid fertilizer, mainly phosphate fertilizer, at the beginning of September can promote the growth of osmanthus fragrans and facilitate its flowering.
Key points of watering: when watering osmanthus trees, dry and wet alternately, and do not accumulate water, so as not to rot roots or make leaves fall off. Especially when flowering, don't use too much water, so as not to cause bud drop and affect flowering.
Pruning essentials: osmanthus trees have strong germination ability and have the characteristics of naturally forming shrubs. It is shot twice a year, in spring and autumn respectively. If it is not pruned and germinated in time, it is difficult to cultivate tall plants, and it is easy to form the phenomenon of dense upper branches and sparse lower branches. When pruning, except for those who are not good because of the growth of trees and branches, we should give priority to thinning branches, only properly thinning out the peripheral branches that are too dense, and cutting off the overgrown branches and pests and diseases to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of plants. Wipe off the sprouted branches at the base of the trunk in time to avoid consuming nutrients in the tree and disturbing the tree shape.
Potted soil replacement: potted osmanthus trees must be replaced once a year before germination in spring, and the over-dense and aging fibrous roots should be trimmed at the same time. Key points of propagation: The propagation methods of osmanthus trees include sowing, cutting, grafting and layering. Cutting and grafting propagation are the most common in production. Pest control: There are few pests and diseases in osmanthus trees, mainly anthracnose, leaf spot, red spider and oyster scale, which can be controlled by Bordeaux mixture, sulfur mixture, thiophanate-methyl, dichlorvos and dicofol.
The above are the cultivation methods and precautions of osmanthus trees. People should pay attention to that when watering osmanthus trees, it is not allowed to cause water accumulation, otherwise it will easily cause the roots of osmanthus trees to be black and rotten, the tops of osmanthus trees to be scorched, and even lead to the death of osmanthus trees in serious cases.
How to control pests and diseases, how to fertilize, and how to control pests and weeds in the corner of pond culture.
The common pests of water chestnut are aphids, leafhoppers and so on. At the initial stage of damage, 90% crystal trichlorfon 800 times solution or 5-6 diphacinone mixed with 50 kg water can be sprayed once every 10 day. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic pesticides such as methamidophos to reduce residual toxicity and prevent water chestnut from deformation or cavitation.
The common disease of water chestnut is water chestnut plague, which leads to leaf rot. At the initial stage of the disease, 5% Jinggangmycin 400g and carbendazim 200g can be sprayed with a small machine with 50kg of water. Master the prevention and control of pests and diseases 3 ~ 4 times in life. There are many kinds of aquatic weeds in the pond where water chestnut is stocked, such as deep-water lotus grass, shallow-water duckweed, flat grass, Pteris vittata and bryophyte grass. Must be removed manually in time, otherwise it will affect the photosynthesis of water chestnut. Generally, after water chestnut is put into use, weeds should be removed every 10 day until water chestnut is completely covered.
Fertilization:
Apply sufficient base fertilizer. As an aquatic vegetable, Eleocharis tuberosa has different demand for fertilizer from dry crops, and the demand for fertilizer is relatively concentrated. Before planting, 2000 kilograms of pig manure or decomposed mud fertilizer can be applied per mu. When water chestnut germinates, 5 kilograms of urea can be applied per mu as a quick-acting fertilizer. After flowering, you can cooperate with 2 ~ 3 packs of powerful yield-increasing agents to prevent diseases and insects or spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves to prevent premature aging.
Water chestnut, also known as water chestnut and water chestnut, is the fruit of an annual herbal aquatic plant water chestnut, which is crispy and delicious. It can be eaten after cooking or porridge. Water chestnut is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and trace elements. Sweet, flat and non-toxic. Has the effects of promoting diuresis, promoting lactation, quenching thirst and relieving alcoholism.
Planting osmanthus trees to fertilize the soil? Long-term base fertilizer should be applied to both ground planting and potted planting, and farmyard manure can be used as base fertilizer for ground planting. It is best to buy long-acting base fertilizer processed by flower shops for potted plants, which is tasteless, but it is not easy to have too much base fertilizer, which will cause root rot and fertilizer damage.
Pest control and fertilization management in peanut field management technology of summer sowing peanut field
Enter news_ay from Henan Xingnong. Com, the source of column pest control.
1, check the seedlings and replant them in time after sowing, and urge them to replant in time if there are any missing seedlings.
2, intertillage peanut seedling stage should be combined with intertillage for harvesting. Generally, a small hoe can be used to dig up the soil around the base of peanut seedlings to form a "small nest", so that the lateral buds between two cotyledons and leaf axils are exposed to the ground, and it can also be used in conjunction with intertillage weeding.
3. Dry irrigation and waterlogging irrigation can be combined with sprinkler irrigation during drought to avoid soil hardening. If there is too much rain, the soil moisture is high and the ground temperature is low, it will affect the pod drum, cause rotten fruit and reduce the yield and quality. Therefore, drainage and flood prevention should be carried out in time.
4, prevention and control of pests and diseases, such as grubs, grubs, needle worms, etc., can be controlled by methods such as poisonous soil, poisonous valley, or root irrigation with 50% phoxim 1500 times, and aphids can be treated with dimethoate or phoxim 1500 ~ 2000 times. Leaf spot and rust are most likely to occur in peanut in the middle and late stage. Spraying 75% thiophanate 1000 times solution 70-80 kg or carbendazim 800- 1000 times solution 70-80 kg per mu for leaf spot disease, and spraying 30-40 ml of 20% triadimefon EC per mu in the early stage of rust disease.
5. Top dressing outside the roots to prevent premature aging. In the later stage of peanut growth, the root absorption capacity weakened, and the leaf absorption capacity remained strong. For example, the supply of nutrients is insufficient, the top leaves are easy to fall off, and the stems and leaves will wither prematurely. At this time, it is necessary to spray 0.2% ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution or 0.3% ~ 0.4% mixed solution of urea and calcium superphosphate 1 ~ 2 times on the leaves in time to prolong the functional period of the leaves.
6. Chemical control should be carried out in time after peanut flowering, with 20-25g of paclobutrazol 15% or10-15ml water-aid agent and 45kg of water spray per mu. We should pay attention to readjusting those plants with vigorous growth, high planting density, fertile soil, high fertilization level and rainy weather, and vice versa. When applying pesticide, it is required to stir evenly and spray with the application, so that the atomization effect is good, and it can prevent the spraying concentration in the area from being too high, causing phytotoxicity and affecting the yield.
7. Timely harvesting Under normal circumstances, when peanuts enter the late fruiting stage, most of the nutrients in the plants have been transported to the pods. At this time, the plant is in a state of aging, the top stops growing, the remaining leaves on the stem turn yellow, and the leaves at the base and middle part fall off. Most pods have hard shells, clear net structures, full seeds and thin seed coats. When the seeds show the color of the original varieties, they can be harvested.
What fertilizer does osmanthus tree apply? When do you apply? Rational fertilization. Fertilization should be based on the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application, with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer, and medium and large seedlings should be fertilized three or four times a year. In early spring, apply organic fertilizer to the tree tray to promote the growth of spring shoots. Inorganic fertilizer or garbage miscellaneous fertilizer should be applied in early winter. In the meantime, fertilization can be applied once or twice according to the growth of osmanthus fragrans. Newly transplanted osmanthus fragrans should not be topdressed too early. The base fertilizer of the transplanting pit should be mixed with soil before covering it.