How long can rabbit lip be pregnant to find out fetal cleft lip? Commonly known as "rabbit lip", that is, cleft lip and palate, also known as notch, notch, is a common congenital malformation in oral and maxillofacial region. Relevant statistics show that at present, the incidence of newborn rabbit lip in China is about 1.82‰, and the number of patients in China exceeds 1.7 million, which has become one of the most common diseases in congenital malformation.
Cleft lip is a common congenital malformation. Every 600 ~ 700 newborns have a child with cleft lip, which brings a heavy psychological and economic burden to the family and society. The main cause of the disease is that the development of embryonic labial palate mesoderm tissue is suspended in the early stage (the first three months of pregnancy). Etiology can be roughly divided into two categories: genetic causes and environmental causes. With the continuous improvement of living standards and aesthetic cognition, and each family has only 1-2 children, children and parents want to get satisfactory treatment, which requires us to improve the treatment level of cleft lip and palate, and the traditional single cleft lip and palate repair surgery can not achieve this goal. Thus, a three-dimensional treatment model, including orthopedics, surgery, orthodontics and pronunciation, is formed to restore normal anatomical and physiological functions, that is, multidisciplinary sequential treatment of cleft lip and palate.
Fetal cleft lip is a common congenital malformation, so what is the cause of fetal cleft lip? Everyone must want to know. Let's take a look at the causes of fetal cleft lip ~ expectant mothers come and see!
Environmental factors: Cleft lip and palate may be caused by one of the following circumstances in the mother's early pregnancy (before 3 months of pregnancy).
1, virus infection: such as upper respiratory tract infection of pregnant women, rubella, etc.
2, drug effects: such as taking antiepileptic drugs, lowering cholesterol, anti-allergic, anti-cancer drugs.
3. Endocrine: mental or traumatic factors, such as intense mental stimulation and trauma.
4, nutritional factors: vomiting in the first trimester, anorexia, partial eclipse, etc. Lead to vitamin D, folic acid, iron, calcium and other deficiencies.
5. Other factors: such as X-ray exposure, smoking, excessive drinking and lack of oxygen.
Genetic factors: Cleft lip and palate are quite hereditary, and the incidence of cleft lip in the offspring of immediate relatives is about 4%. Generally, the probability of cleft lip and palate in the first child is 1/600. If the first child is cleft lip and palate, the probability of cleft lip and palate in the second child is 3/ 100.
Cleft lip and palate are unilateral and bilateral, incomplete and complete. Cleft lip can coexist with cleft palate in different degrees; Cleft palate can also occur alone, without cleft lip. So what are the classifications of fetal cleft lip? Come and have a look ~
Cleft lip:
1, unilateral incomplete cleft lip occasionally accompanied by nasal deformity.
2. Unilateral complete cleft lip often coexists with unilateral complete (penetrating) cleft palate. People with small noses and lips are pulled to the healthy side by facial muscles, while the cleft nose wing is pulled to the outside, so the cleft nose wing becomes flat and long, causing serious asymmetry of the nose.
3, bilateral, incomplete cleft lip, slightly pulled outward on both sides of the nose, slightly deformed nostrils.
4. Bilateral complete cleft lip often coexists with bilateral complete cleft palate, and the mandible connected with nasal septum obviously protrudes forward.
Cleft palate:
1, uvula or soft cleft palate.
2. The cleft degree of soft and hard cleft palate is different, and it can crack to the incisor cavity in severe cases. The nasal septum can be connected to a palatal process.
3. Unilateral complete cleft palate often coexists with unilateral complete cleft lip. The cleft palate process is completely free and not connected with the nasal septum; Its area is slightly smaller than the healthy side. The cracked nasal cavity is completely connected with the oral cavity.
4. Bilateral complete cleft palate often coexists with bilateral complete cleft lip. The left and right palatal processes are not connected with the nasal septum, and the mandible connected with the nasal septum obviously protrudes forward, and the nasal cavities on both sides are completely connected with the oral cavity.
Prevention and treatment of fetal rabbit lip plastic surgery is better in 3-6 months after birth, because at this time, the child's whole body condition is relatively stable and it can be operated safely. Bilateral rabbit lip surgery should be performed after 6 months, but it is best not to exceed 1 year. Cleft palate is usually treated before learning to speak, that is, before the age of 2. After the first operation, with the child's physical development, the upper lip and nose may be deformed twice.
Fetal cleft lip is not only painful for children, but also heartbreaking for adults. Then let me introduce you to the prevention of fetal cleft lip, so that you can prevent it as early as possible and let the child be born safely ~
1, nutritional balance: the mother is the only source of nutrition for the fetus. During pregnancy, a balanced and diverse diet is very important. Everything you eat during pregnancy will affect your baby. Eat more vegetables and fresh fruits, and less sugar, salt and processed food.
2. Emotional stability: When pregnant women have negative emotions such as anxiety, uneasiness, irritability and fear, adrenocortical hormone may hinder the integration of some tissues of the embryo, leading to fetal cleft lip or cleft palate.
3. Early treatment of diseases: Pregnant women with diabetes, anemia, gynecological diseases and hypothyroidism should be treated as soon as possible.
4, careful use of drugs: the use of hormones or anti-tumor drugs and antihistamines during pregnancy may lead to fetal malformation.
5. Avoid catching a cold: The survey found that many mothers with rabbit lips caught a cold in the first trimester, which is also one of the important factors leading to rabbit lips.
6. Virus prevention: Pregnant women should pay special attention to preventing rubella and other virus infections.
7. Stay away from radiation: Young couples should try to avoid exposure to radiation products three months before deciding to get pregnant. Now many pregnant women go to work normally until delivery. Many offices are open places, full of computers and dozens of mobile phones used at the same time, which is very harmful to fetal health.
8. Quit smoking and drinking: A study in Mexico shows that "rabbit lips" are caused by the development of the upper lip and maxilla of infants during the embryonic period, and the abnormal embryonic development caused by long-term smoking and alcoholism of pregnant women is one of the reasons.
Cleft lip only causes facial deformity, which rarely interferes with children's breast pumping. Because there is a crack between the oral cavity and the nasal cavity, the necessary negative pressure cannot be formed in the oral cavity when sucking milk, which makes it difficult for children to suck milk and leads to malnutrition. Because the oral cavity is connected with the nasal cavity, the oral cavity is poor in cleanliness and hygiene, and otitis media and respiratory tract infections are prone to occur. Seriously, because of the pronunciation disorder caused by cleft palate, the child can't speak clearly and has an open nasal sound. Then surgery is necessary in this case. Let's see what to do with fetal cleft lip ~
9. Cleft lip repair
The effect of early operation is good. Most people think that it is appropriate for a baby to be born for 2~3 months. If the breastfeeding situation is satisfactory, the baby's physiological jaundice has disappeared, the weight has returned to the level at birth, and the baby's tolerance for surgery has increased, so it can be repaired. Bilateral cleft lip surgery should be postponed until 6 months later. Children's health, nutritional status and climatic conditions should be taken into account. In short, we should strive to complete the cleft lip repair operation within 1 year.
10, cleft palate repair
For uvula, cleft palate or mild cleft palate, the age of operation is 2~3 years old. Most of these types of cleft palate do not hinder the normal development of maxilla.
For severe soft and hard cleft palate, especially complete (penetrating) cleft palate, the nasal floor of cleft lip and palate should be repaired 5-6 months after birth, and cleft palate surgery should be postponed to 4-5 years old. At this time, the maxilla has developed to a great extent, and it will not cause serious palatal deformation after the operation, but there is still enough time to correct the pronunciation before the child enters school (at least 7 years old).
1 1, secondary repair of cleft lip
After the first-stage repair of cleft lip, deformities such as upper lip scar, fullness, asymmetry of alar and collapse of nasal floor often appear during the development, which is difficult to repair. There should be a comprehensive design before operation. First, observe whether there is maxillary hypoplasia. If there is maxillary hypoplasia, orthognathic surgery should be performed after reaching 18 years old. Or early interventional therapy of distraction osteogenesis. If it is only soft tissue abnormality, it is impossible to treat it simply by cutting the skin and suturing it. The alar cartilage and nasal floor should be completely corrected to obtain satisfactory results.