Since the Renaissance, it has lasted for more than 300 years, and abdominal girding has played an important role in expressing female charm. Especially in the Rococo period, this period was a woman's world, and women were the center of salons, works of art and pets for men to watch. This social environment makes the external formal beauty (artificial beauty) of women's clothing reach its peak. In order to win men's good feeling and favor, women try their best to dress themselves up beautifully. This effort is mainly manifested in the slender waist with tight corset and the enlarged lower body with skirt. However, due to the long-term use of corsets, the female torso is extremely deformed, which greatly affects her health and even shortens her life span. According to records, the average life expectancy of women at that time was only 35 years old.
The romantic mood of Rococo style greatly damaged the women's health at that time. At that time, women did not hesitate to endure the pain caused by corsets, and even tried to pull them on their bodies with smaller corsets to show their slender and moving waist.
2. Briefly describe the history of underwear development, the top ten underwear brands in China, and which country did underwear first appear in? The earlier name of ancient underwear was "obscene clothes". "Yin" means "light books, not solemn", which shows the ancient people's mentality towards underwear. China underwear has a long history. The following clues about underwear history began in the Han Dynasty. Han: Hold your belly and your heart.
The base of the "heart garment" is the "robe belly", and the upper end of the "hug belly" is replaced by "hook shoulder" and "crotch". The similarity between the two is that the back is bare and there is no back membrane. Plain silk is a common underwear fabric in Han Dynasty, and patterns are embroidered on it with colored silk threads (called colored embroidery), with the theme of "love". At that time, plain fabrics were rarely used to make underwear.
Wei and Jin Dynasties: (Sixteen Kingdoms): Two Dangs
The difference between "Liangdang" and "Hugging the abdomen" and "Being convinced" is that it has a back piece, which can be used as both a chest and a back. Most of the materials are brocade with thick feel and rich colors, and double-layer cotton lining. "Liangdang" was originally the costume of nomadic people in the north, and later spread to the Central Plains, belonging to an alien culture.
Tang dynasty: terminalia chebula
Before the Tang Dynasty, the shoulders of underwear were decorated with belts. In the Tang Dynasty, a kind of strapless underwear called "Chebula" appeared. This is also determined by the shape and characteristics of their coats: women in the Tang Dynasty like to wear "semi-naked skirts". They tied their skirts high on their chests, and then tied a wide belt on the lower part of their chests with their shoulders. Expose the upper chest and back, cover with sheer gauze, and the underwear is looming, so the underwear fabric is exquisite and colorful, which is quite similar to the "underwear wearing outside" advocated today. In order to match this habit, underwear needs to show off the shoulders. The commonly used fabric of terminalia chebula is woven, which is quite stiff, slightly elastic and feels thick. When you wear it, you only need to tie two straps under your chest. "Weaving" ensures that the upper part of "terminalia chebula" will stand upright.
Song dynasty: tube top
After wearing the "tube wipe", the whole chest and abdomen are covered, so it is also called "tube wipe". Tie a knot with a button or belt. Ordinary people use cotton products, commonly known as homespun, and nobles use silk products with embroidery on them. Single clip, different forms.
Yuan dynasty: acacia lapels
The main feature of "acacia lapel" is that it is tied from back to front. Wear it from the back to the front, with a row of buttons on the chest, or use a rope. The lapels of acacia are mostly made of brocade, and the patterns are continuous in four directions.
Ming dynasty: dominating the waist
The "main waist" is similar in shape to a vest. The lapel has three lapels, a crotch on the shoulder, a belt on the crotch, and a tie on the waist side to tie all lapels, forming an obvious waist. It can be seen that women in Ming dynasty have mastered the method of highlighting their figure.
Qing dynasty: Chinese-style corset
In the Qing Dynasty, "tube-wiping chest", also known as "Chinese-style chest covering", was generally made into a diamond shape. There is a belt on it, worn between the neck and tied with two belts at the back of the waist. The bottom is an inverted triangle, covering the navel and reaching the lower abdomen. Most materials are cotton and silk. The strap used for binding is not limited to rope. Rich families use gold chains, middle families use silver chains and copper chains, and small jasper uses HongLing. There are all kinds of exquisite embroidery on the "belly pocket". Red is a common color in Chinese corsets.
1920s and 1930s: Small Vests
The "small vest" is narrow in shape, usually with a pair of lapels, and there are several buttons on the lapels, which tightly wrap the chest and waist after being put on. The "small vest" has further developed and absorbed some characteristics of the west, becoming the current bra. The fabrics are mainly cotton and silk.
Third, how to calculate the underwear size How to calculate the full bust (nipple position) at the highest point of the chest is called the upper bust, and the bust along the bottom of the wave is called the lower bust.
Calculate the first cup: bra's 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105 represent the lower bust in cm. Second, the bra cups AA, A, B, C, D, E and F refer to the cup size. The bust minus the lower bust is the size difference between the cup and the lower bust. Aa 7.5cm a10cm b12.5cm c 15cm d17.5cm e20cm 22.5cm Example: bust 92cm, lower bust 80cm, subtract the two numbers to get15.
Four. China's underwear has a long history. Underwear is also called underpants, obscene clothes, sweaty clothes, contemptuous clothes, shameful clothes, heart-felt clothes, belly-hugging, belly-hugging, round waist, precious socks, terminalia chebula, small shirts, stomach-wiping, socks-bellied, socks-skirted, waist-scarf, crotch-hugging and Chinese-bellied. The underwear recorded earlier in history is called obscene clothes.
"Book of Rites Under Tan Gong": "Ji Kangzi's mother died and Chen abused clothes. Jiang Jing said, "If a woman doesn't dress up, she is afraid to meet her aunt. There will be guests from all over the world. What's the point of abusing clothes? " "Yin" means "light books, not solemn", which shows the ancient people's mentality towards underwear.
The following historical clues of underwear began in the Han Dynasty. Han: Embracing the belly and wearing clothes from the early Han Dynasty are not prohibited by the people.
Although the Western Han Dynasty had a clothing system with eight imperial edicts, it only required that clothing should conform to the four seasons. There is an obvious feature of women's deep clothes in this period: the skirt is extremely long, and it is wrapped around the body several times when put on, and every lace is exposed, which has a unique charm. And "belly support" is the underwear at this stage.
Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the coat being cut into several triangles and overlapping pieces, underwear has also undergone a simpler change-called "heart coat". The upper end of the "holding the belly" is the "hook shoulder" and "crotch" instead of the thin belt.
The similarity between the two is that the back is bare and there is no back membrane. Plain silk is a common underwear fabric in Han Dynasty, and patterns are embroidered on it with colored silk threads (called colored embroidery), with the theme of "love". At that time, plain fabrics were rarely used to make underwear.
Wei and Jin Dynasties: (Sixteen States): Since the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to political turmoil, the northern nationalities entered the Central Plains, and the northern national costumes were introduced, which influenced and assimilated the costumes of the northern nationalities. Women wear clothes, shirts and skirts every day.
Bags and shirts can also be used as shirts and shirts in dresses. At this time, the underwear is called "Two Dangs", which is different from "Holding the abdomen" and "Being convinced" in that it has a back piece, which can be used as both a chest and a back.
Most of the materials are brocade with thick feel and rich colors, and double-layer cotton lining. "Liangdang" was originally the costume of nomadic people in the north, and later spread to the Central Plains, belonging to an alien culture.
Tang Dynasty: Chekhov's unified and powerful country gave birth to a civilized and open clothing system, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations. People in the Tang Dynasty had frequent contacts with Persia, and other countries, and had close contacts with ethnic groups in the northwest, which influenced their costumes. Women's daily clothes in the Tang Dynasty are shirts, coats and skirts, which are more common to wear above and below.
Red is the most popular skirt, followed by purple, yellow and green. But in the Tang Dynasty, from the original large-breasted underwear, more double-breasted underwear was used, and the skirt was open without buttons. In order to match the wearing of outerwear, the underwear in the Tang Dynasty has also undergone great changes: in the past, the shoulders of underwear were decorated with belts, and a strapless underwear called "Lanren" appeared in the Tang Dynasty.
This is also determined by the shape and characteristics of their tops: women in the Tang Dynasty like to wear semi-naked skirts, which are tied high on the chest, and then tied with a wide belt under the chest, exposing the shoulders, upper chest and back, and covered with transparent gauze. In this way, the underwear fabric is elegant and colorful, which is quite similar to the "underwear wearing outside" advocated by Odifen today. In order to match this habit, underwear needs to show off the shoulders.
The commonly used fabric of terminalia chebula is woven, which is quite stiff, slightly elastic and feels thick. When you wear it, you only need to tie two straps under your chest. "Weaving" ensures that the upper part of "terminalia chebula" will stand upright.
Song Dynasty: A large area of land in Song Dynasty became the territory of Jurchen nobles, and costume culture also influenced each other because of its political and economic factors. As a mirror to continue the history, it records: "The customs and costumes of Lin 'an Prefecture have been chaotic for more than ten years, and they are used to frontier fortress ..." Therefore, since the Song Dynasty, women have had the habit of girding their bellies.
Song women's daily clothes: coat, pole, blouse, half arm on the back, and culottes on the lower body. Its fabrics are silk, yarn, brocade, silk and so on.
After wearing the "tube wipe", the whole chest and abdomen are covered, so it is also called "tube wipe". Tie a knot with a button or belt.
Ordinary people use cotton products, commonly known as homespun, and nobles use silk products with embroidery on them. Single clip, different forms.
Yuan Dynasty: Mongolians in Hehuan Jin entered the Central Plains, and they not only inherited the system of Han nationality, but also carried out their own system in clothing. During the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty, the clothes of scholars between Mongolia and Han were all in their own way.
Women's wear, rich people wear mink and fur hats. Generally, sheepskin and felt are used as clothing materials.
At that time, robes were wide and long, and they were often used as dresses. The main feature of underwear in Yuan Dynasty is that it is tied from back to front.
Wear it from the back to the front, with a row of buttons on the chest, or use a rope. The lapels of acacia are mostly made of brocade, and the patterns are continuous in four directions.
Ming Dynasty: After Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and established the Ming Empire, he first banned Hu Fu, Hu Yu and Hu's surname, and later issued an imperial edict in the name of Ming Taizu: Dressed like a Tang Dynasty. In the Ming dynasty, women's dresses stipulated that folk women could only use purple, not gold embroidery.
Robes can only be purple, pink and light, not red, crow green and yellow. This belt is made of blue silk.
Button styles have appeared on clothes in the Ming Dynasty. Ming underwear named "apron skirt" is similar in appearance to vest, with three lapels, a crotch on the shoulder, a belt on the crotch and a lace around the waist, which can adjust the waist. It can be seen that women in Ming dynasty have mastered the method of highlighting their figure.
An apron skirt is similar to a vest in appearance. The lapel has three lapels, a crotch on the shoulder, a belt on the crotch, and a tie on the waist side to tie all lapels, forming an obvious waist.
It can be seen that women in Ming dynasty have mastered the method of highlighting their figure. Qing Dynasty: There were also Chinese-style wrapped women's dresses in Manchu and Han Dynasties. Manchu women mainly wear robes, while Han women wear tops and skirts.
In the middle of Qing Dynasty, Han imitated each other, and later Han imitated the Han nationality, and Han imitated Manchu costumes, which were popular among dignitaries and ladies. By the Qing Dynasty, there were more and more styles and varieties of women's clothes, such as vests, wrap clothes, skirts, coats, epaulettes, scarves, hand cages, tube tops, belts, glasses and so on.
Underwear in Qing dynasty was called "Chinese-style chest covering" and was generally made into a diamond shape. There is a belt on it, worn between the neck and tied with two belts at the back of the waist. The bottom is an inverted triangle, covering the navel and reaching the lower abdomen.
Most materials are cotton and silk. The strap used for binding is not limited to rope. Gold chains are mostly used in wealthy families, but they are mostly used in medium-sized families.
5. The English translation of the history of women's underwear can be translated into underwear. This is because ancient underwear was made of thin linen, which is Green in French, so underwear came into being. China had the earliest linen fabric as early as ancient times, and its density was 10/cm. But at that time, underwear and coats were no different, just used to cover the body and keep warm. 4000 years ago, flax had reached 24 pieces/cm. With the spread of granddaddy X's silk weaving technology, underwear is more and more different from the function of coat, which is called wiping the chest and wrapping the belly.
Under Wear has also been translated into underclothes or underwear, and has been used in the clothing industry since 1983. It includes corsets, bra cups, waist pliers, all in one, suspenders, short waists and many other kinds. Corsets originated in ancient Rome. /kloc-In the 6th century, there were corsets made of iron and wood. At that time, women were all in pieces. Until the Crusade, with the development of textile technology, whales, steel wires and rattan were used to make tights at the end of16th century. 16 In the 1930s, the fashionable weapons at that time were garters, tights and skirts, which showed that westerners attached importance to underwear. Understanding its function is not only to keep warm, but also to shape the body curve. Underwear is also designed to be extremely complicated. It may take hours to wear a pair of underwear. In the imperial period (1804- 1825), the corset became simplified.
What is the new philosophy of underwear concept today? Soft fashion, big V-shaped low-cut design, and sexy underwear decorated with lace are no longer the climate. Modern people not only attach importance to the temptation brought by underwear, but also attach importance to its health care and bodybuilding function, which is a popular theme.
During the period of Bathel (1870- 1890), underwear became more and more beautiful, and lace, silk and tulle were fully utilized, but the requirements for shaping underwear gradually faded, because people found that the weft in the corset was not beneficial to the human respiratory tract. 1900, Charlotte has a healthy bra. 1907, which loosens the bondage to the waist. By 19 10, the position of underwear will be longer than 10-40 cm below the hip circumference. With the wide application of elastic fabrics in clothing, underwear has become more and more comfortable and easy to wear. Strapless bras became popular in the 1940s.
The fifties and sixties-the era when female beauty was fully displayed. High-heeled shoes, thin waist strips, flat abdomen and round buttocks were all symbols of women's beauty at that time. Tight underwear and stereotypes bra appeared, the latter is the predecessor of today's breast augmentation bra.
70s-the "dark age" of women's underwear. Burn the bra. Don't let women whitewash it. Everything looks like a man. Simplicity, comfort and practicality became the basic principles of women's underwear at that time. One-piece underwear "body" has become a generation of fashion.
80' s-the time to restore my feminine beauty; 80' s is the transition period for women from self-liberation to self-identity. People pursue self-affirmation and self-worth, and society becomes more biochemical. Women's beauty is really accepted by people, which leads to a great increase in underwear consumption and the recovery and development of underwear design. The design is bolder and more exposed, making women more beautiful.
In the 1990s-the era of "second skin", with the continuous updating of underwear fabrics, people are increasingly pursuing new scientific and technological products, and pure cotton products are no longer people's demand. Known as the "second skin", the world-recognized fabric "superfine fiber E" has made great achievements in the history of women's underwear. 1997, DuPont introduced Lycrasoft, a revolutionary high-quality super-elastic fiber, so that underwear can not only cling to the body shape, but also get rid of the bondage and stretch freely. Women can really get into shape comfortably.
6. Is the size of underwear measured in inches? Measurement of size 1. Cup size Cup size = bust-lower bust (for example: 10cm=A cup.
13cm=B cup. 15cm=C cup 18cm=D cup.
20cm=E cup) Description of bra cup size The gap AA between bra cup model and bust is about 7. 5cm A is about 10cm B is about 12.
5cm C is about 15cm D is about 17. 5cm E about 20cm bra size = lower bust size (for example, bust size is 83 cm.
The lower bust is 70 cm). You should wear a bra with a cup size of = & gt70 B. The difference between the upper bust and the lower bust in the comparison table is about 70cm 80cm 10cm A 70A 70cm 82. 5cm 12 .
About 5cm b 70b70cm 85cm15cm c 70c75cm 85cm10cm a 75a75cm 87. 5cm 12 .
About 5cm, b75b75cm, 90cm, 15cm, c75c80cm, 90cm, 10cm, A80a80cm, 92. 5cm 12 .
About 5cm, B 80B 80cm 95cm 15cm, C 80C 85cm 95cm 10cm, A 85A 85cm 97. 5cm 12 .
About 5cm b85b85cm100cm15cm c85c90cm100cm10cm a90cm102. 5cm 12 .
About 5cm, b90b90cm105cm15cm, C 90C.