Pruning is one of the important means to cultivate flowers and trees. If left to grow naturally, all flowers and trees will lose their ornamental value. Shaping is to make a reasonable and perfect tree by pruning. On the one hand, plastic surgery should conform to the natural growth trend of flowers and trees, and give full play to their respective characteristics. Through artistic processing in modelling technique, natural beauty and artificial beauty can be combined to improve their ornamental value. Pruning is to treat branches, leaves, buds, buds and roots differently, which can not only shape a good plant shape, but also adjust the reasonable distribution and supply of nutrients in plants, prevent branches and leaves from growing white, and is conducive to flower bud differentiation and bud pregnancy; It can also create good ventilation and light transmission conditions and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Pruning of flowers and trees mainly includes measures such as cutting short, drying, coring, budding, stripping and thinning flowers.

Generally speaking, flower modeling can be divided into two categories: natural and plastic. Natural shaping is to maintain the original plant shape and make the branch distribution more reasonable and beautiful by pruning and thinning. Modeling is to make flowers and trees into trees according to people's different hobbies, regardless of the habits of trees, forcing them to change the natural growth trend and create various shapes. For example, bonsai modeling often forces the trunk to grow horizontally or downward.

A perennial flower with perfect plant shape can often achieve its goal without 1 ~ 2 reshaping, and sometimes it takes years or even more than ten years of careful cultivation. Therefore, long-term planning should be made in the early stage of plastic surgery. When doing plastic surgery every year, we should know the length of the branch and the location of the thinned branch, and don't cut it below the shoulder, otherwise a wrong cut will cause irreparable loss.

Before pruning potted plants, we should first have a full understanding of their flowering habits. All the flowers and trees that bloom on the branches of a year, such as roses, pomegranate, hibiscus jasmine, gardenia, Hypericum, etc. They can be pruned again to make them grow more branches, blossom and bear fruit. Buds of Yingchun, Rhododendron, Plum Blossom, Peach Blossom, Mulan, etc. Flowers that bloom in early spring are formed on the branches of the previous year, and cannot be pruned before germination in early spring, so as not to cut off flower buds and affect flowering and fruiting. Pruning should be carried out within 1 ~ 2 weeks after flowering to promote the germination of new shoots and the formation of flower branches in the coming year. However, five-color plum, night lilac and so on. Their flower buds are differentiated in spring and can bloom in summer, so they should be cut short in late autumn, and the new branches in the next spring can bloom in summer.

Pruning should be based on the principle of leaving no outside, no inside, no straight and no horizontal. Cut off dead branches, twigs, long branches, cross branches, over-dense branches and branches that affect plant type. The bud at the incision should be kept to grow outward, and the incision should not be too close to the bud, otherwise it will be easy to lose water and dry up, which will affect the germination. Flowers and trees are easy to branch, such as winter coral, pomegranate and poinsettia. If there are too few branches at the base of the plant, it can be cut short from the base of the trunk at a distance of 5 ~ 10 cm from the basin soil to regenerate new branches and develop a full crown. Flowers and trees that are easy to branch, such as pine needles, camellia and cymbidium, should not be pruned casually. Flowers and trees with soft branches, such as Yingchun and honeysuckle, are generally not pruned, but only the branches that are too old and dense are pruned.