Diseases of the female reproductive system are called gynecological diseases. There are many kinds of gynecological diseases, such as hysteromyoma, ovarian cyst, vaginitis, cervicitis, cervical erosion, pelvic inflammatory disease, adnexitis, functional uterine bleeding, breast disease, infertility, irregular menstruation, endometritis and abnormal leucorrhea. Women should know some basic medical knowledge such as menstruation, childbirth, pregnancy, childbirth and menopause. And always keep an optimistic mood, so as to avoid or reduce the occurrence of some gynecological diseases. Gynecological diseases are mainly divided into seven categories: gynecological inflammation, induced abortion, sexually transmitted diseases, irregular menstruation, infertility, gynecological plastic surgery and gynecological tumors, and each category has several minor illnesses:
Gynecological inflammation: cervicitis, vaginitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis, urethritis, etc.
Induced abortion: painless abortion, visual abortion, minimally invasive abortion, drug abortion, etc.
Sexually transmitted diseases include condyloma acuminatum, syphilis, genital herpes and gonorrhea.
Irregular menstruation: irregular uterine bleeding, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, menopause;
Infertility: cervical infertility, endocrine infertility, uterine infertility, tubal infertility, etc.
Gynecological plastic surgery: labial plastic surgery, breast enhancement, hymen repair, vaginal contraction, etc.
Gynecological tumors: hysteromyoma, cervical cyst, ovarian tumor, cervical cancer, etc.
1. Looking pale is blood deficiency; White or pale complexion is qi deficiency; The complexion is blue and dark for blood stasis; A dull complexion is a weakness of kidney qi; Flushing on cheeks is yin deficiency and fire flourishing.
4. Looking at the bright red tongue is blood heat; Pale red is blood deficiency; Pale and dull face, or fragrant moss with teeth marks on the fat side, are both qi and blood deficiency. Less or falling off or cracked fur is yin deficiency, and yellow and greasy fur on the tongue root is damp-heat in the lower jiao. Blood stasis is characterized by dark red tongue or purple spots on the edge of tongue.
3. Red and purple lips are blood heat, and chapped lips are yin deficiency and body fluid injury; Pale color is spleen deficiency and blood deficiency; Dark blue is the main pain; Light cyan governs deficiency and cold.
4. Those with pale claw nails are mostly blood deficiency or deficiency of both qi and blood; Blue is cold and painful.
5. Look at menstruation.
⑴ Quantity: The quantity mostly belongs to qi deficiency or blood heat; Too little belongs to blood deficiency or cold coagulation; Sometimes it is qi stagnation or kidney deficiency.
⑵ Color: bright red or crimson belongs to blood heat; Pale red is blood deficiency or deficiency of both qi and blood; Violence belongs to blood stasis.
⑶ Quality: Sticky people are hot; Thin is cold; A blood clot is blood stasis.
[6] The leucorrhea with light color is spleen deficiency; Yellow color is strong, gambling is hot and humid. Mixed colors, unpleasant smell, mostly reproductive tract malignant tumors.
I hope lochia will last for a long time, bright red color with thick blood heat; Dark, thick and smelly are damp and hot; The color is purple and dark, and the blood clot is blood stasis and cold.
Vaginal gynecopathy
1. Vaginitis: Vaginitis is vaginal inflammation caused by infection of pathogenic microorganisms (including gonococcus, mold, trichomonas and other microorganisms). Vaginitis can be divided into senile vaginitis, trichomonal vaginitis, fungal vaginitis, gonorrhea vaginitis, amebic vaginitis, Haemophilus vaginalis vaginitis, infantile vaginitis, pneumovaginitis and nonspecific vaginitis.
Vaginal tumor: Vaginal malignant tumor is often secondary, which can spread directly from cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and choriocarcinoma. In addition, bladder cancer, urethral carcinoma's disease or rectal cancer can often metastasize to vagina. Primary malignant tumor of vagina is very rare, accounting for about 1% of malignant tumor of female reproductive organs. Mainly squamous cell carcinoma and choriocarcinoma, others such as adenocarcinoma, sarcoma and malignant melanoma are even less common. Many obstetricians and gynecologists have only seen a few patients in medical practice, and secondary vaginal cancer is more common. The possibility of secondary vaginal cancer should be considered and ruled out before the diagnosis of primary tumor.
Gynecological diseases of uterus
1. Uterine leiomyoma: Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor in female reproductive system, and it is common in 35-50 years old. According to statistics, about 20% of women over the age of 35 suffer from uterine fibroids, but most of them are small and asymptomatic, and the incidence of clinically reported fibroids is far lower than the actual situation. The symptoms of hysteromyoma include irregular menstruation, abdominal mass, and compression symptoms. Uterine fibroids are often associated with ovule tube ovarian lesions, and are also easy to coexist with uterine adenocarcinoma and cervical cancer. Drinking boiled water in winter and eating a certain amount of fruit every day can prevent uterine fibroids.
2. Cervical erosion: The normal cervical surface is covered by a layer of squamous epithelium, and the surface is smooth and pink. Chronic inflammation of deep cervical tissue caused by infection makes the superficial epithelium fall off due to malnutrition, and the exfoliated surface of epithelium is gradually covered by columnar epithelium of cervical canal. The columnar epithelium is very thin and can be seen through the blood vessels and red stroma below, so the surface is red, which is cervical erosion. Cervical erosion is a common lesion of chronic cervicitis. Due to the different degree of inflammatory stimulation, the columnar epithelium of cervical mucosa grows slowly, flat and smooth, which is simple erosion. The columnar epithelium grows fast, and the formation of glandular hyperplasia is glandular erosion. If the gland expands, it can be follicular erosion, accompanied by interstitial hyperplasia, forming small protrusions and uneven columnar epithelium, forming papillary erosion. The above types can often be mixed. Cervical erosion is the most common gynecological disease.
3. Cervical polyp: Cervical polyp is a manifestation of chronic cervicitis, which is more common in married women. Cervical polyp is one or several small papules with pedicles that grow on the cervix. Most of the roots of small papules are attached to the external cervix, and only a few grow in the cervical canal. Polyps are water-drop-shaped, the diameter is generally below 1cm, the pedicle is slender, the color is bright red, the quality is soft and fragile, and it is easy to bleed after contact. Cervical polyps are mostly a manifestation of chronic cervicitis, which is formed by the proliferation of cervical mucosa under the stimulation of inflammation.
4. Cervical hypertrophy: Cervical hypertrophy is a chronic cervicitis. Due to the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation, cervical tissue is congested and edematous, and cervical glands and interstitial hyperplasia. The gland tube is squeezed by the surrounding proliferative tissue, which makes it difficult to discharge the mucus produced by the gland and forms a retention cyst. Superficial glandular cysts protrude from the surface of the cervix and are easy to observe, while deep glandular cysts often thicken and enlarge the cervix to varying degrees, commonly known as cervical hypertrophy.
Gynecological endocrinology
Three "killers" of irregular menstruation
First, amenorrhea (medical terminology: amenorrhea)
In the following pages, the term "amenorrhea" is used in all cases involving amenorrhea. Amenorrhea can be divided into primary amenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea. We will introduce the two most common causes of amenorrhea elsewhere, pregnancy and menopause.
Secondary amenorrhea is defined as a previously normal individual who has no menstrual cycle for more than 90 days (three menstrual cycles disappear). Menstruation must be checked if it disappears for more than 3 months.
Primitive amenorrhea occurs at the age when girls should menstruate. Different people have their first menstruation at different times, and most people have menstruation at the age of 16. A young girl, if her peers have menstruation and she doesn't, she must have a prenatal examination.
The causes of primary amenorrhea will be discussed later.
The following organs are related to the occurrence of normal menstrual cycle
(1) endometrium
⑵ Ovary
(3) pituitary gland
(4) Hypothalamus (a special area of the brain) 1, endometrium The endometrium is usually thick (stimulated by estrogen) or thin (decreased estrogen secretion). Also known as "female reproductive organs" and "standard menstrual period".
ovary
Menstrual period depends on the secretion of ovarian hormones. No menstrual period usually leads to anovulation (the ovaries don't release any egg cells). Also known as "standard ovary".
There are several possibilities:
(1) does not form follicles and does not produce estrogen. In this case, the endometrium will be very thin.
⑵ Follicles are formed, but they cannot divide, and estrogen is also produced, but they are not opposed to progesterone. In this case, the endometrium will become thicker. In the latter case, one or more follicles are usually associated with estrogen.
Acoustic navigation and ranging system can show the existence of follicles, and blood test can show the level of estrogen in blood.
3. Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland can secrete many hormones to control our body functions. Three of them are closely related to menstrual function. They are follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin. The levels of these three hormones can be known by blood test. Also called "pituitary cycle and menstrual cycle".
If FSH and LH levels increase and estrogen levels decrease, then the problem is usually the ovary. Ovary can not cause FSH and LH response, but the continuous increase of FSH and LH levels can cause ovarian response.
If FSH levels are normal and estrogen and LH levels are elevated, the diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease can be ruled out (see polycystic ovary).
If FSH, LH and estrogen are all decreased, then pituitary or hypothalamic diseases can be ruled out.
Higher prolactin levels also require further examination.
Blood examination combined with microscopic diagnosis of endometrium can provide medical practitioners with exact information about the causes of amenorrhea.
The treatment of amenorrhea depends on the needs of pregnancy. If you want to have children, you should do hormone therapy such as ovulation induction therapy to regulate the menstrual cycle. For women with thickened endometrium, it is important to regulate the normal menstrual cycle and prevent future endometrial cancer [Remember: if your endometrium is thick, it means that you don't have cancer, but it may develop into incurable cancer many years later (more than ten years).
Pituitary tumor, it is important to remember that only a few people with high prolactin level can develop pituitary tumor.
colporrhagia
Vaginal bleeding is one of the most common symptoms of gynecological diseases of female genitalia, and its causes are various. In addition to normal menstruation, vaginal bleeding can also occur due to inflammation of reproductive organs, pathological pregnancy, endocrine diseases, trauma and tumors. Therefore, if a female friend has abnormal vaginal bleeding, she should go to the hospital immediately to find out the cause of the bleeding.
Clinical manifestations and differential points:
1. Regular vaginal bleeding.
⑴ Increased menstrual flow: mainly manifested as normal menstrual cycle, but more menstrual flow or prolonged menstrual period. This type of bleeding is mostly related to hysteromyoma, adenomyosis or the placement of intrauterine devices.
⑵ Menstrual bleeding: It occurs between two menstrual cramps and generally lasts for 3~4 days. Generally, the amount of bleeding is less than the amount of menstruation, and occasionally it may be accompanied by pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen. This bleeding is caused by the temporary decrease of follicular rupture and estrogen level during menstruation, which is also called ovulation bleeding.
⑶ Dropping blood before or after menstruation: A small amount of vaginal bleeding after menstruation lasts for several days, and it often keeps dripping. Can be seen in ovulation menstrual disorders or the side effects of placing intrauterine devices. A similar situation may also occur in endometriosis.
6. Irregular vaginal bleeding
(1) Contact bleeding: vaginal bleeding immediately after sexual intercourse or vaginal examination, with bright red color and more or less amount, which is common in acute cervicitis, early cervical cancer, cervical polyp or submucous myoma of uterus.
⑵ Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding: If the patient is a woman of childbearing age and has symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and nausea, pregnancy-related diseases, such as abortion, ectopic pregnancy or trophoblastic diseases, should be considered first; If the patient is a female with no sexual life history in adolescence or a perimenopausal woman with other symptoms, anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding should be considered. For the latter, reproductive tract malignant tumor should be excluded first.
⑶ Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding: Generally, the amount of bleeding is small, which can be continuous or repeated. Occasionally accompanied by lower abdominal pain. First of all, consider endometrial cancer, which can also be seen in senile vaginitis or endometritis.
⑷ Vaginal bleeding after trauma: It is common after riding injury, with more or less bleeding and vulvar pain.
routine examination
Gynecological double river needle examination: you can know the general situation of female vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus and accessories.
Electronic colposcopy: it can locate cervical inflammation, precancerous lesions and preoperative sites of cervical cancer, and can enlarge the lesion site 10 ~ 30 times. It is the most intuitive and important gynecological examination equipment at present, and it is also a common means of gynecological cancer screening.
Gynecological ultrasound examination: it has been widely used in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, used to diagnose pelvic diseases and assist positioning treatment.
Application of gynecological laboratory detection technology: multifunctional fluorescence immunoassay, DNA technology detection; Microbiological examination of bacterial culture and radioimmunoassay of blood endocrine fluid play an important role in the diagnosis of gynecological infectious diseases (including bacterial, microbial and viral infections), endocrine diseases and immune diseases.
Preventive editing
Abuse of antibiotics
Cough, fever, headache and antibiotics? As we all know, antibiotics may inhibit some beneficial bacteria, and mold will take the opportunity to reproduce. Therefore, the use of antibiotics should be cautious.
Wash underwear separately
Mold can reproduce on the skin surface, gastrointestinal tract, nails and other places. If family members or themselves suffer from tinea pedis, onychomycosis, etc. It is easy to cause cross infection of mold. Therefore, underwear must be washed separately, and it is best to soak it in a special underwear sterilization liquid for a few minutes.
Female nursing liquid
Drug lotion, disinfection pad, etc. are often used. It is easy to destroy the weak acidic environment of vagina and can maintain the self-cleaning function of vagina. The female nursing liquid with weak acid formula of Ph4 is more suitable for daily cleaning and maintenance.
Pay attention to health care during pregnancy
During pregnancy, the levels of sex hormones, glycogen and acidity in vagina will increase, which is easy to be attacked by mold. For pregnant women, oral drugs should not be used, and local prevention and adjuvant treatment should be chosen.
Beware of the washing machine
Almost every washing bucket contains mold! And the more washing machines are used, the more molds there are! But don't worry, there is a killer to deal with the mold in the washing machine: just wash the washing bucket with hot water at about 60℃! Wash with clothes disinfectant regularly!
Pay attention to public health.
There may be a lot of mold hidden in public places. When going out, don't use the hotel bathtub, wear long pajamas, use toilet paper before going to the toilet, and so on. At the same time, Jiao Yan's personal cleaning care products are selected, which makes it very convenient for women's sanitary care wipes to carry.
Correct contraception
Estrogen in birth control pills can promote the invasion of mold. If fungal vaginitis recurs, try not to use drugs for contraception.
Peer rule
If you are infected with fungal vaginitis, it is not only you who need treatment, but also you who need treatment, in order to have the expected curative effect. Don't forget to prepare a male care solution for him when using female care solution every day.
Wearing cotton underwear
Tight-fitting chemical fiber underwear will increase the temperature and humidity of vagina, which is a "living" environment for molds to clap their hands! Choose cotton underwear!
Cleaning vulva
The content of glycogen in vagina of female diabetic patients is high, and alkaline substances are produced by fermentation under the action of glycogen, which makes the normal vaginal acid value deviate from 4-4.5 to 5.5, which destroys the self-cleaning function of vagina and is easy to be invaded by mold. Therefore, while controlling blood sugar, we should also pay attention to the fact that when cleaning the vulva every day, it is more appropriate to choose a female nursing solution with a weak acid formula of Ph4.
Use matters
Sanitary napkins are sterilized at high temperature. After the expiration of one-time disinfection, their hygiene can no longer be guaranteed, and even if they are not unsealed, they will be polluted. Therefore, sanitary napkins should be bought now.
Sanitary napkins are made of fibers, and bacteria can easily invade and multiply when they are wet. Therefore, unpacked sanitary napkins should avoid dark and humid places like toilets and choose to be placed in a dry and clean environment.
sanitary pad
Leucorrhea is a viscous white liquid that women discharge from vagina. It consists of secretion of vestibular gland, cervical gland and endometrium, vaginal mucosa exudate and exfoliated vaginal epithelial cells. Normal leucorrhea is colorless or milky white, egg white-like, slightly fishy or tasteless.
Some women often use a lot of sanitary napkins to control leucorrhea, but in fact, doing so will allow bacteria to invade. Some sanitary indicators of sanitary pads on the market are unqualified, among which there are often some Escherichia coli, streptococcus and fungi, which can cause vaginal infection.
Gynecological B-ultrasound editor
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination items 1: Congenital dysplasia of reproductive organs, such as congenital absence of uterus, various uterine malformations (double uterus, double vagina, double horn uterus, residual horn uterus and mediastinal uterus), abnormal hymen development (atresia and hematocele) and ectopic kidney (pelvic kidney).
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 2: Endometriosis (adenomyosis, chocolate cyst of ovary).
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 3: Endometrial cavity lesions, such as incomplete abortion, abnormal or residual abortion of pregnant eggs, hydatidiform mole, endometrial hyperplasia, polyp, adenocarcinoma of uterine body, etc.
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 4: IUD: Understand its position, deformation, incarceration, perforation, outing or intrauterine pregnancy.
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 5: Cervical lesions: such as cervical hypertrophy, Nessler's cyst, polyps, etc.
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 6: pelvic genital inflammation: such as uterine empyema and hydrosalpinx.
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination Item 7: What did you see after hysterectomy?
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination item 8: Gynecological non-neoplastic tumors: such as follicular cyst, corpus luteum cyst, luteinized cyst, polycystic ovary, ovarian hematoma, ovarian coronal cyst, etc.
Gynecological B-ultrasound examination Item 9: Gynecological tumor: ① Benign: such as hysteromyoma and various ovarian cysts. ② Malignant: such as adenocarcinoma of uterine body, choriocarcinoma, primary or secondary ovarian cancer, etc.
Gynecological examination editor
abstract
After the consultation, please go to the examination table behind the partition and take off your clothes for gynecological examination. At this time, don't be embarrassed if you have a feeling of urine. A full bladder will directly affect the examination. Lie on the examination table with your legs apart. If you feel nervous, don't forget to tell the doctor that besides taking a deep breath to adjust yourself, she will also help you divert your attention.
Inspection purpose
Whether the vulva skin is smooth, the color is normal, and whether there are ulcers, dermatitis, vegetation and hypopigmentation. Normal vulva: pubic hair is pointed downward, triangular distribution, pigmentation of labia majora, reddish labia minora, clitoris length < 2.5cm, and pale pink mucosa around urethral orifice.
test method
After that, a deeper examination is needed, and a speculum is needed, which is usually disposable or sealed after disinfection. The doctor will warm it in hot water, then apply vaseline, and then put the closed duckbill into the vagina, so that the examination is more tolerable. When the duckbill opens, the inner wall of the vagina, which is usually stuck together, is opened, and the doctor can clearly see the vagina and cervix.
vagina
Objective: To check whether the surface of vaginal mucosa is smooth, whether the texture is normal, whether there is bleeding point, and whether the characteristics and smell of vaginal secretions are normal. Normal vagina: the mucosa of vaginal wall is pale pink with wrinkles, without ulcers, vegetation, cysts and congenital malformations. The secretion is egg white or white paste, without fishy smell, and the amount is small, but it increases during ovulation and pregnancy. If you want to check leucorrhea, the doctor will take the specimen at this time.
Inspection purpose
Observe whether there are tumors, ulcers, erosion and polyps on the cervix, whether the size of the cervix is normal, whether the surface is smooth, whether the texture is excellent, and whether there is uterine prolapse. Normal cervix: the periphery is raised and there is a hole in the middle. The parturient is round and I-shaped, tough, fleshy and smooth. If you want to do a smear examination of cervical cancer, the doctor will take samples at this time.
test method
The doctor took out the speculum, put on a pair of thin rubber gloves, coated with vaseline, slowly put one or two fingers into the vagina, and put the other hand on the lower abdomen to press down hard. This is an examination of the uterus and accessories. This will make you nervous again, even a little painful. No way, relax, keep your eyes on the ceiling and distract yourself. If you are fat, you should relax yourself more. Fingers will feel pain when touching the bottom of the uterus, but the time is not long, 1 minute or so.
Uterus and adnexa
Objective: To understand the position, activity and texture of uterine fundus. If the uterus is enlarged, hardened and the surface is not smooth, it is abnormal and needs further examination. Normal uterus: inverted pear-shaped, 7-8cm long, 4-5cm wide and 2-3cm thick, mostly in forward flexion, with medium hardness and good fluidity. Ovary and fallopian tube are collectively called "attachments", which can move and feel slight pain after touching. Normal fallopian tubes should not be touched.
Checkpoint editing
1 Routine gynecological examination: including the size, shape and position of vulva, vagina, cervix and uterus, as well as the examination of fallopian tubes and ovaries.
Routine examination of leucorrhea: including mould, trichomonas, vaginal cleanliness and bacterial vaginosis.
3 Vaginal B-ultrasound examination-The new technology of gynecological examination is mainly used for the diagnosis of endometrial diseases, cervical diseases, uterine fibroids and ovarian tumors and the examination of embryo development in early pregnancy.
Cervical curettage: Cervical curettage is the simplest and most effective diagnostic method for extensive screening of cervical cancer. TCT is a more accurate method than cervical curettage cancer screening.
Breast examination: mammography computer near infrared scanning is the latest instrument for breast examination at present. Using near-infrared camera can find many invisible lesions conveniently, efficiently and painlessly.
Check and pay attention to editing
On the day of routine gynecological examination, you should wear clothes that are easy to check, and a skirt with a moderate length is the best choice.
Check the time to avoid menstruation, it is best to choose the time from the end of menstruation to the day before ovulation.
Take a bath the night before the routine gynecological examination, and don't wash the vagina within 24 hours before the examination, because it will wash off abnormal secretions and some potential cancer cells that may be found by biopsy, which will affect the correct diagnosis of doctors.
Don't have sex the night before the test, because the man's semen and spermicide on the condom may appear in the test sample the next day, which will interfere with the doctor's judgment.
Do not use any vaginal drugs the night before routine gynecological examination. Any medicine or lubricant for treating vaginal infection will affect the test sample, cover abnormal cells and affect the test results. Leucorrhea specimens should be sent for inspection immediately after the gynecologist takes them, so don't delay.
Preparation before gynecological examination. To find out when you want to see a gynecologist, whether there is an outpatient clinic in the morning or afternoon, you must remember the date when your menstruation ends in 3 months. Put a notebook in the bag and record the date, content and doctor's advice of the examination. Try not to go to gynecological examination during menstruation, and ensure personal hygiene before examination. You can take a bath, but don't rinse your vagina within 24 hours to avoid washing off abnormal secretions. In addition, if you feel like peeing before the examination, be sure to go to the bathroom. Urine full of bladder will affect the examination.
Disease complication editor
cervicitis
After cervical inflammation, there will be symptoms such as increased leucorrhea, local itching and tingling, and it will also cause waist pain under the stimulation of inflammation.
Abnormal uterine position
The normal position of the uterus is to lean forward and bend forward. If the uterus bends backward and the position changes abnormally, the ligaments supporting the uterus in the body are stretched excessively and some nerves are also compressed, which can cause low back pain.
metroptosis
The uterus moves down the vagina. Because the pelvic supporting tissue is weak, the tension decreases and the abdominal pressure increases, resulting in a feeling of falling, and lumbar pain due to pulling.
pelvic inflammatio
Women suffer from pelvic inflammatory disease, such as chronic adnexitis, pelvic peritonitis, uterosacral ligament or connective tissue inflammation. Inflammatory stimulation of these diseases can cause low back pain.
Pelvic tumor
If there is a tumor in the pelvic cavity, such as hysteromyoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cyst, etc. Pressing nerves or cancer cells into pelvic connective tissue can cause low back pain, and the pain will be aggravated with the increase of tumors.
pregnant woman
After pregnancy, with the increase of the fetus month by month, the support of the waist continues to increase. Long-term mechanical action will lead to the gradual relaxation of ligaments, and the enlarged uterine cavity will compress pelvic nerves and blood vessels, which will also lead to low back pain.
Fertility factors
If women have too many children, too many induced abortions or too frequent sexual life, it will cause kidney deficiency and then induce low back pain.
After pregnancy, low back pain is caused by fetal enlargement, increased lumbar support, relaxation of sacrospinous ligament and compression of pelvic nerve and blood vessels. This kind of low back pain can gradually disappear with the recovery of postpartum lumbar muscle strength.
Abdominal pain editor
Female lower abdominal pain, mostly gynecological inflammation, but also medical and surgical diseases. Therefore, once women have lower abdominal pain, they should carefully identify the nature of the pain in order to get treatment in time.
Pain caused by gynecological inflammation: more common in adnexitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, more common in women of childbearing age, pain on one or both sides, accompanied by increased leucorrhea. Chronic patients often show dull pain, backache or bloated feeling; Acute patients often show abdominal pain, refuse to press, and are accompanied by fever.
Pain caused by menstruation: Abdominal pain and general discomfort in women during menstruation are mostly physiological phenomena, and if the pain is severe, it is dysmenorrhea. Puberty is mostly primary dysmenorrhea, which can heal itself; Dysmenorrhea after menstruation is mostly caused by some kind of disease, so you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible, and you can't solve the problem with painkillers.
Abdominal pain caused by some gynecological diseases: for example, endometriosis often forms a mass near the ovary, uterus and rectum, which can aggravate abdominal pain in premenstrual period and menstrual period, and sexual intercourse pain is also one of its characteristics. Another example is pelvic bleeding or blood stasis, which can lead to pelvic pain, and the pain is often manifested as the root of one thigh.
Abdominal pain caused by ovulation: The feeling of lower abdominal pain during ovulation is caused by follicular rupture. Generally speaking, this kind of pain does not affect health and has no adverse consequences. However, there are also very few people who need to go to the hospital for treatment because of the large hole in the follicle and the damage of small blood vessels during ovulation, which leads to ovarian rupture and abdominal bleeding.
Disease risk editor
Suffering from gynecological inflammation, we should go to a regular hospital in time for scientific and standardized treatment. This is because:
First, if inflammation is not treated in time, it will not only lead to mutual diffusion and cross-infection of various physiological parts, but also bring many complications and even lead to malignant lesions in some parts.
Secondly, if inflammation is not treated, long-term exposure to inflammation will have adverse effects on immune function, metabolism and endocrine system, which is extremely harmful to health.
Third, some gynecological inflammation not only harms women themselves, but also affects their families. If pregnant women are pregnant, it can also cause intrauterine infection, birth canal infection and other links to infect newborns, resulting in serious consequences such as abortion, premature delivery, congenital malformation and mental retardation.
Therefore, women should insist on physical examination, and if gynecological inflammation or other diseases are found, they should go to regular hospitals for scientific and standardized treatment in time.
Editor of "Treating Misunderstanding"
Myth 1: Abuse or use of antibiotics will make bacteria resistant, kill a large number of beneficial bacteria, destroy the balance of vaginal flora, lead to the vigorous growth of fungi, and it is difficult to completely eradicate gynecological diseases.
Myth 2: Vaginitis is the most common gynecological disease, and more than 40% of patients are caused by improper cleaning methods. Female vagina is an acidic environment with self-cleaning and antibacterial effects. However, many women use cleaning liquid to clean their lower bodies for a long time, which will kill vaginal bacteria beneficial to their health, reduce local resistance and cause infection. ..
Myth 3: Treatment does not follow the course of treatment. When most women are in treatment, they usually rely on subjective feelings: when the symptoms are good and the leucorrhea is normal, they think that the disease is good, so they stop taking drugs quickly, causing repeated infections. Gynecologists pointed out that the treatment of gynecological inflammation should be carried out in strict accordance with the course of treatment. If not treated according to the course of treatment, it will only make gynecological inflammation chronic and more and more difficult to treat.