The surname Chou originated among hundreds of surnames

The surname Chou first originated in the patriarchal society period and has a long history and cultural origin. There are still people with the surname Chou today. The following is the origin of Chou among hundreds of family surnames that I have compiled for you. Welcome to read this article!

The Chou family has the surname pronounced niǔ

The first one Origin

Originated from the Feng surname, which comes from Nuwa, the sister of Taihao's Fuxi family. It is a surname based on the ancestor's name. Nuwa, the daughter of the Suiren family, the sister of the Fuxi family of Taihao, had the surname Feng. Searching from the ancient and modern surname documents and archaeological relics that are available to people today, we found that the first "surname" that appeared in China was the "Feng" surname of Fuxi's family in Taihao. . Fuxi's sister Nuwa assisted her brother. Her surname was Tongyijiao. She was a divine matchmaker and was revered by later generations as the ancestor of eugenics.

Starting from the Fuxi clan of Taihao, the Nuwa clan, Baihuang clan, Zhonghuang clan (Zhonghuang clan), Dating clan (Zhuyan clan), Sulu clan, Lilian clan (Kunlian clan) ), the Hunchuan family (Hundun family), the Hexu family, the Zunlu family, the Haoying family, the Youchao family, the Zhuxiang family (Zixiang family), the Getian family, the Yinkang family, the Wuhuai family, etc. They all inherited the title of Fuxi family for a total of 1,260 years. Therefore, there are sixteen Fuxi clans in Chinese history, all of whom were leaders of the original Chinese clan tribes, but there is only one Fuxi clan in Taihao. In ancient China, Fuxi was called the Sun God, also known as the Sun, Taiyi, Taigao, Taixu, Taihuang, Taihuang, Tang Hao, Dahao, Dayang, Yangdi, Gaoyangshi, Gaotangshi, Dongwanggong , Yang Emperor, Tianlong, Yan Emperor, Di Jun, Dihuang clan, Pa Xi clan, Pa Xi clan, Fu Xi clan, Mi Xi clan, etc. Nuwa was the first female emperor recorded in the history of the Chinese nation, so after she became emperor, she changed to the phoenix bird, the king of birds, as her totem. Because the male phoenix is ??called "phoenix", it is the totem of Fuxi after he became emperor. For this reason, Nuwa used "huang", which represents the female phoenix, as her totem. Because birds lay eggs, the process of eggs giving birth to birds is the same as the process of melons giving birth to seeds and moths giving birth to butterflies. Therefore, the story of Fuxi and Nuwa, brothers and sisters who both have the phoenix bird as their totem, has spread the story of bird eggs giving birth to human ancestors. Later, the Shang Dynasty The Yin, Xuyi, and Jurchen tribes all inherited the egg-laying culture and believed that their ancestors were born from black birds. The Shang and Yin royal families were also proud of this and changed their surname to "Zi". Starting from Nuwa, China's primitive society transformed into a patriarchal clan society, and social organizations began to be male-centered. Because Nuwa's name is also called "Nv Chou", and "Chou" refers to the moon god that people worshiped in ancient times, that is, Taiyin. Therefore, among the Chinese descendants led by Nu Wa, there are those with "Chou" as their surname, and they are called Chou. The surname has been passed down from generation to generation and is one of the very ancient surnames. Its surname is pronounced niǔ (ㄋㄧㄡˇ).

The Chou clan was once called "Shi", which means "good clan", and later the "daughter" was removed and renamed "Chou clan". This shows that it was a matrilineal clan society to a patrilineal clan. historical stage of social transformation.

The second origin

Originates from professional skills. It comes from Niu Xuanyi, a doctor of Wu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. He took refuge in the name of professional skills and changed his surname to a surname. The ancestor of the Niu clan was Niu Xuanyi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Niu Xuanyi was the Congwei Duqiwei of the Wu State (the leader of the monarch's trusted bodyguards, the president). Because his ancestor was a "master of hundreds of craftsmen" who specialized in making button handles, he took the skill as his surname and was called Niu. When Niu Xuanyi died, some descendants drew his portrait. Later, his image was seen by Fan Li, a minister of the Yue Kingdom, who wrote a famous article called "Xuanyi Gongxiang Zhi", which said: "Gongsheng is the universe, and philosophy is used to know the situation. When he sees chaos, he goes away, and his mind is clear. The sky is like a sky, reflecting the loyalty of the Duke. The dark traces in the forest will lead to a happy ending. "

Among the descendants of Niu Xuanyi, some people later left the "Jin" family to avoid disaster. Passed down from generation to generation, the pronunciation of his surname is still niǔ (ㄋㄧㄡˇ).

The third origin

Derived from the surname Jiang, it came from Pang Chou's father, a doctor of Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the ancestor's name. This branch of the Pang family originated from the surname Jiang in Beihai, and its ancestor was Pang Boling, the grandson of the Yan Emperor Shennong. According to the historical record "A Survey of Surnames": "Pang, after the Shang princes Boling, looked out to the North Sea." Pang Boling was granted the title of Qidi (today's Weifang and Yantai, Shandong), and the Pang Kingdom was established. His descendants have been the Pang family for generations. After Jifa, King Wu of Zhou Dynasty, destroyed the Yin and Shang Dynasties, he granted the land of Pang State to Jiang Taigong and established the State of Qi. At that time, the Pang clan surrendered and became the ministers of Taigong. In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a senior official in Qi State named Pang Choufu, who became an important minister of Qi State.

Among the descendants of Pang Chou's father, there are those who take the "Chou" character in their ancestor's name as their surname, and are called the Chou family. They have been passed down from generation to generation, and their pronunciation is also niǔ(ㄋㄧㄡˇ ).

The fourth origin

Derived from the surname Jiang, it came from Jing Chou, a doctor of Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor. It is recorded in the classic "Collected Notes of Mencius": "The Jing Chou family belongs to the family of Qi Dafu. Jing Zi, Jing Chou." Jing Chou was an important minister under King Tian Bijiang of Qi Xuan, the monarch of Qi during the Warring States Period, and one of the representatives of Confucianism. one. According to the historical record "Mencius Gongsun Chou", in the early Warring States period, Mencius was more proud than Confucius in his early years in front of the monarchs of various countries. In the early Warring States period, Jing Chou and Mencius had always had a good relationship and were close friends, so they talked about everything.

Among the descendants of Jing Chou, there are many who take their ancestor's name as their surname, and are called the Jing Chou family. Later, they were changed to the single surnames Chou family and Jing family in the provincial slips. From generation to generation, the Chou family name has been passed down to this day. The surname is pronounced niǔ(ㄋㄧㄡˇ).

The fifth origin

The surname Jiang comes from Gongsun Chou, a student of Mencius during the Warring States Period. He is named after his ancestor. Gongsun Chou, a native of Qi State, was a student of Mencius. He often asked Mencius for various questions and answered many difficult questions with Mencius. He once asked Mencius what "impassionate" and "awesome spirit" meant, and asked Mencius about Boyi and Yi Yin. , Guan Zhong, Yan Ying and others’ evaluations. Later, Gongsun Chou was responsible for entertaining the guests when he held Meng's mother's funeral. The modern classic "Mencius" was written after Mencius's death by his disciples Wan Zhang and Gongsun Chou who recorded Mencius' words and deeds. One theory is that "Mencius" is a transcript that Mencius dictated to Wan Zhang and Gongsun Chou in his later years, and was finally compiled into a book by Mencius.

Among the descendants of Gongsun Chou, most of them still use "Gongsun" as their surname and are called the Gongsun family; but there are also descendants who take their ancestor's name as their surname and are called the Chou family. It has been passed down from generation to generation to this day. The surname is pronounced hào (ㄏㄠˋ).

The sixth origin

Originates from the surname Mi. It comes from the judicial execution officials of the Chu State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a surname based on the official title. It is recorded in the classic book "Kangxi Dictionary": "侴, the imperial edict is long cut, the pronunciation is ugly, and the surname is also." According to the record in the historical book "Surname Zhi": "Leiju phonetic rhyme>: '侴, the original surname was ? in the Han Dynasty, and the surname was changed to Yu. "Hanshu": "Situ Peng Yulian, the first name is 侴连." In fact, the two characters "?" and "Chou" are not the same pronunciation. 侴, originally an official title of the Chu State, is a variant of "Xing". During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the official name of the executioner of the "Five Punishments" of the Chu State, also known as the executioner. The original pronunciation of the character is the same as The word "Xing" is the same, pronounced xíng (ㄒㄧㄥˊ). The five punishments are ink (the punishment of carving words on the forehead or face), the punishment of cutting off the nose (the punishment of cutting off the nose), the punishment of castration (the punishment of male external genitalia or the destruction of female internal genitals), and the punishment of cutting out the kneecaps (the punishment of cutting off the kneecaps). Or the general name for criminal laws such as mutilation (the punishment of cutting off the feet below the ankle) and Dapi (death penalty). Later, among the descendants of official Yi, those who took the official title of their ancestors as their surnames were called the Yi family or the Xing family. In modern times, they were changed to "Chou family" in provincial writing.

According to the records in Changsha's "Records of the Chou Family's Descendants" in 1992: The Chou family name was changed from "侴" to "Chou" around the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930 AD). The reason was that the character "侴" was difficult to recognize at that time, so it was changed to the homonym "Chou". It is also said that the Yi family that moved to Xiangtan at that time, that is, the Zhongxiang Yi family, had already changed their ancestral surname to "Chu" before the eighth year of the Republic of China (1919 AD). It is also said that after the traditional Chinese character "Chou" was shortened to "Chou", many members of the Chou clan thought that the original surname was extremely indecent, so many people changed their mother's surname. In fact, the character "侴" has existed since ancient times. In the history of writing evolution in the Central Plains, the character "侴" was a variant of the character "", and the character "" is actually a variant of the character "好". Therefore, the character "侴" It is a variant of "好", and its original meaning is "good". Therefore, the original correct pronunciation of both the Yu family and the Chou family is hào (ㄏㄠˋ).

However, the character "侴" was later read and annotated as chǒu (ㄔㄡˇ), which was the product of the blending of Jingchu culture and Chinese culture from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period. It was actually caused by the "incorrect pronunciation of the word". Zhi, which is commonly known as the result of "scholars reading half of the word", because only "Chou" in the character "侴" is a complete font component. For more than 2,000 years, it has been a custom in history to use white to replace correctness, and the same is true for inheritance. Therefore, the character "侴" was later pronounced as chǒu (ㄔㄡˇ), which is regarded as correct, just like many people today. Reading "role, protagonist" as jiǎo-sè(ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄜˋ) or zhǔ-jiǎo(ㄓㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄠˇ) is the same, which is both wrong and right.

The seventh origin

It originated from the Manchu people and was a sinicization of the surname into a surname. According to the historical records "General Genealogy of Manchu Clan in Eight Banners" and "General Genealogy of Manchu Clan in Qing Dynasty":

⑴. Manchu Hutu clan, Manchu Hutu Hala, Chinese meaning "ugly ghost", They lived in Yehe (now the southern part of Yehe Township, Liye County, Jilin Province). Later, most of them changed their single surnames in Chinese characters to Hu and Bao, and some changed their single surnames in Chinese characters to Chou family based on the original Chinese translation.

⑵. The Manchu Niohuru clan, Niohuru Hala in Manchu, meaning "wolf" in Chinese, belongs to the old Manchu clan and is mainly distributed in the Songhua River Basin, Mudanjiang Basin, and Changbai Mountain Area. "Wolf" is one of the totems of the ancestral Jurchen tribe of the Manchu people. The Jurchen people took it as their surname out of their worship of "wolf". In the long historical development process, the title of the surname "Niu Hulu" has changed several times: during the Liao Dynasty, it was called "Di Lieshi", during the Jin Dynasty, it was called "Nvxi Lieshi", and during the Yuan Dynasty, it was called "Yiqi Shi". The Lie family" was designated as the "Niu Hulu family" during the Ming Dynasty. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, many people were named "Niu" with a Han surname, and some were named "Lang" with a Han surname. This is a typical Manchu clan with "one surname and two surnames". Later, the Mongolian people adopted it as the surname, and later changed it to Chou to avoid disaster. According to legend, there are also Manchu Niu clan members who changed their name to Chou clan to avoid disaster, and their surname is still pronounced as niǔ (ㄋㄧㄡˇ). This needs further verification.

⑶. According to the genealogy document "Manzhou Chou Family Genealogy Book": "Ada Yu, the grandson of Huang Taiji, the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty, fled to Haicheng and changed his name to Yu Yuzheng. The ancestral property of Erdaogou was stolen by Ye The ancestor Yu Zhenggong made up a myth in order to deceive others: "In the fifth year of Shunzhi, Amahaug was imprisoned. My grandfather Sony sent his servant Darhan and his wife to see me and my wife Gu." From Daming to the original residence of our ancestors... the name "Yu" to later generations and outsiders originated from the surname Yu in Yunnan. In the Xinchou year, a magician reported that my family was suspected of becoming a dragon, and the results were different: My ancestor's body remained unchanged except for his feet, which were bound by his trousers. His family was raided and his clan was destroyed. Fortunately, my family member Yu Yuan fled with me and wandered around the world. He saw that I was extraordinary and took him as his wife. , the financial aid and the family slave *** were hiding here. The character Yu was unlucky, and he suffered a disaster in the year of Xinchou, so the month in Yu Zhong was changed to Chou, which is the character 侴, pronounced Chou, to commemorate the year of the disaster; the name was Yu Zheng, which means Yu. The person is the Yu family who escaped. Zhengzhi: I am at the time when I am studying. My name is Yu Zheng, which actually means taking the character "侴" from Ada Yu as my surname. The place where my ancestors lived has been occupied by the Ye family. The name was changed to Erdaogou, and it was owned by three tenants. The inscription on the tombstone of the founder of Xingxi can still be identified: "The tomb of Mafa Xibao, the small characters on the lower left are called Chang'an". The merchant of Yuan Dynasty exchanged one thousand taels for two. Daogou industry. The creek is vertically bounded by the east leaf and the west..." From the records of this genealogy, the Chou family originated from the Aixinjueluo family, and "Adaqi" should be Aixinjueluo Huangtaiji, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty. The eldest son of the emperor, Prince Suwu, was the son of Aixinjueluo Hauge. Later, there were two families, the Chou family and the Yi family. For example, Qian Wanxi (1930-present), who is now a native of Dalian, Liaoning, is a professor at Anhui University of Science and Technology, and has served as a professor at the Department of Architectural Engineering at Huainan Mining Institute, a member of the Rock Mechanics Professional Committee of the China Coal Society, and a member of the Academic Committee of the Nanjing Research Institute of the General Academy of Coal Science. Just claim to be from that family.

The Manchu surname is ugly, originally written as "侴", and its original surname is Aixinjueluo.

The great ancestor of this branch is "Ada Yu". Adaqian was the concubine (born by a concubine) of Prince Suwu "Hauge" in the early Qing Dynasty. Hauge died unjustly because he was framed by Dorgon. Hauge's children were demoted and demoted. Because Adaqian was a commoner and had a low status, he was expelled from the royal family. In the early years of Shunzhi, he was sent back to Jinzhou, Liaodong, to join the army and garrison.

Since Adalun was not allowed to have the surname Aixinjueluo, he could only take the sound "侴" in his Manchu name as his surname, and his surname was ? from then on. Later, the personal servants Darhan and Qianji both took their master's surname and also took the surname Qian. From then on, the Yi family consisted of three lineages.

Due to the implementation of simplified Chinese characters in the 1950s, the traditional character ‘侴’ was abolished, so the Yō family changed their surname to Chou. Today, the descendants of the Chou family are scattered throughout the Northeast, with the largest number in Jinzhou, Haicheng, Benxi and other places in Liaoning, and also in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces.

"The Genealogy of the Manchu Yi Family" was compiled by Kening, the head of Mu Kun of the family, in the sixth year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. Later, each branch was repaired in an orderly manner. The most recent revision of the genealogy was in August 2008 by a branch in Fangzheng County, Heilongjiang Province, by Mr. Baoning, the 13th generation grandson.

According to Fuping County Chronicles, the surnames of Ao in Shangxiayao in Changchun Township, Chou in Choujiabao, and Nala in Ke Village in Liugu Township all originated from the Manchus. The descendants of these fraternal ethnic groups are now all Han. .

The ancestors of each branch/Chou surname

Chou Kuiwu (侴kuiwu): the first generation ancestor, the third generation, with the courtesy name Xue Bo, originally from Shanghai County, Songjiang Prefecture, Jiangnan, and has been appointed as an official since the Ming Dynasty The Chu family was settled in Tanzhou, which was later improved and is now Jiufeng Town, Changsha. The fourth generation ancestor Chou Yousong, named Weiyue, gave birth to two sons: Chou Yunjian and Chou Yuntang. Chou (侴) Yuntang, also known as Huiqin, moved to Tanyi, now named Zhongxiangfang. Chou (侴) Yunjian lived in Changsha for generations until his seventh generation ancestor Chou (侴) Tingyao, whose courtesy name was Tuanshan. He gave birth to five sons: Chou (侴) Chaojin, Chou (侴) Chaoshen, Chou (侴) Chaojing, Chou (侴) Chaojin 侴 Chaolun, Chou (侴) Chaofu, there are no legends about the length and time, and they are performed by the three houses of Jishan (Chaojing), Xiaoshan (Chaolun) and Songshan (Chaofu). Later, the branches were divided into sects and spread throughout the country, belonging to various places in Changshan.

Migration distribution/Chou surname

The Chou family is an ancient surname group with multiple ethnic groups and origins. However, the surname ranking in mainland China today is not among the top 100 surnames. Three thousand, it ranks 1,095 in Taiwan Province, with Beihai, Jiyin, Wujun, Xingyang, and Wuxing as county leaders.

Today's Changsha City in Hunan Province, Fuping County in Shaanxi Province, Tangshan City in Hebei Province, Liaoyang City, Jinzhou City in Liaoning Province, Jinzhou District, Pulandian City, Haicheng City in Dalian City, Beijing City, Changchun City, Jilin Province, Lalin River Basin. People of the Chou clan can be found in Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province, Heshui County in Qingyang City in Gansu Province, Changqing District in Jinan City in Shandong Province, Mile County in Kunming City in Yunnan Province, Nanjing City in Jiangsu Province, Taiwan Province and other places. .

Junwangtang No./Chou Surname

Junwang

Beihai County: It was the ancient Pang Kingdom during the Shang Dynasty. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the State of Qi. During the Han Dynasty, in the second year of the Zhongyuan Dynasty (Guisi, 148 BC), Qi County was divided into counties, and its administrative location was Beihai (some say Yingling, today's Changle, Shandong). At that time, the area under its jurisdiction was the area around today's Weifang and Yantai, Shandong Province. . In the Sui and Tang dynasties, Beihai County, also known as Qingzhou, governed Yidu. At that time, it governed areas such as today's Weifang.

Jiyin County: Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty established Jiyin Kingdom in the sixth year of Zhongyuan (Dingyou, 144 AD), and Guiyou (48 BC), the first year of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty. ) was changed to Jiyin County, and its administrative seat was Dingtao (today's Dingtao, Shandong). At that time, its jurisdiction was near today's Heze, Shandong, extending to Dingtao in the south and Pucheng in the north. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty of Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty (Guiyou, 48 BC), it was changed to Jiyin County, and its jurisdiction was in the area of ??today's Dingtao County, Shandong Province.

Wu County: In the fourth year of Yongjian of the Eastern Han Dynasty (Ji Si, 129 AD), the Eastern Han Dynasty divided Kuaiji County and established Wu County to govern Wu County (today's Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). Its jurisdiction included both sides of the Qiantang River below Jiande. Therefore, today's Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province is also within Wu County. During the Chen State of the Southern Dynasty, Wu County was renamed Wuzhou. After the Sui Dynasty destroyed the Chen State of the Southern Dynasty, Wuzhou was renamed Suzhou. Wu was first called Suzhou, and it has been used to this day. In addition, during the Three Kingdoms period, the Sun Wu regime established an additional Wu County in the first year of Baoding (Bingxu, 266 AD), with its seat in Wucheng (Wu Qing Town, today's Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang).

Xingyang County: In ancient times, the area of ??Wuzhi and Xingyang north of Zhengzhou in Henan Province was called Bi. During the Qin Dynasty, counties were first established, and their jurisdiction at that time was Yuanyang City, Henan Province. During the Western Han Dynasty, its jurisdiction was in the northeastern area of ??Xingyang City, Henan Province. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei divided Henan counties into counties in the third year of the Zhengshi period (Renxu, 242 AD), and changed its governance to Xingyang County, Henan Province. At that time, it governed the southern part of the Yellow River, Xingyang County, and Zhuxian Town in Henan Province, including today's Eight counties including Kaifeng City and Zhengzhou City. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was moved to present-day Xingyang City. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Northern Qi Dynasty was changed to Chenggao County. In both the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was Xingyang County in Zhengzhou.

Wuxing County: The county was first established in the Zhou Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms period, the county was established in the first year of Baoding (Bingxu, 266 AD) of the Wu State. The administrative seat was Wucheng (now Wuxing, Zhejiang), which means the prosperity of the state of Wu. At that time, the area under its jurisdiction was from present-day Lin'an, Zhejiang Province to Yixing, Jiangsu Province. In the early years of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (Yisi, 405 AD), it moved to Wuxing (today's Wuxing, Zhejiang Province). At that time, its jurisdiction was in the northwest of Lin'an City, Huzhou City, Yuyao City, Hangzhou City, Deqing County, and Jiangsu Province. County areas around Yixing. In the second year of Renshou in the Sui Dynasty (Renxu, 602 AD), the city was renamed Huzhou because it was near Taihu Lake. During the Tang Dynasty, Huzhou was also renamed Wuxing County.

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