1. Vaginal atresia is caused by the stagnation of development at the junction of the ends of bilateral mesonephric accessory ducts and urogenital sinuses during embryonic development. According to the locking degree, it can be divided into two types.
Partial vaginal atresia
That is, the lowest ends of bilateral mesonephros are not connected after meeting, only the lower segment of vagina is closed, and the upper segment is normal vagina. The uterus and ovaries are well developed and function normally. Generally, periodic abdominal pain occurs after menarche, and anal diagnosis can touch the lump formed by hematocele. Partial vaginal reconstruction is also suitable for treatment.
Complete vaginal atresia
The vaginal cavity is completely occluded, the uterus and ovaries are underdeveloped, and there is no reproductive function, which requires vaginal reconstruction.
2, vaginal stenosis, menstrual blood can flow out, but the vaginal wall is stiff, and it is difficult to place voyeurism and sexual intercourse. Treatment can be carried out according to different conditions.
Congenital vaginal stricture: Congenital vaginal stricture is caused by the confluence of two accessory ducts of middle kidney, which only partially penetrate the lowest end.
Acquired vaginal stenosis: Acquired vaginal stenosis mostly occurs after severe trauma, such as pelvic fracture, birth injury, radiotherapy injury after tumor resection, hypertrophic scar contracture after vaginal surgery and other compound injuries.
3. Congenital absence of vagina. During embryonic development, both men and women have two pairs of longitudinal ducts, namely, the mesonephric duct and the accessory renal duct. The longitudinal part of the first segment of the pararenal duct in the middle kidney merges into the fallopian tube; The middle section is horizontally exported to the bottom of uterus and the body; The longitudinal part of the caudal segment extends to the upper segment of the cervix and vagina. In the third month of the embryo, the end of the combined mesonephric duct extends and contacts the back of the urogenital sinus, and protrudes into a mesonephric nodule, and the two mesonephric nodules communicate to form the lower vaginal segment.
Congenital absence of vagina is due to abnormal development of the upper part of vagina, that is, bilateral pararenal ducts do not extend to the end after meeting. Its incidence rate is about 1/5000. There is no gap between urethra and rectum, but only some loose tissue between them. Some patients only have a shallow depression of the vaginal opening, which is a part of the vagina evolved from the urogenital sinus. Most of them have no uterus, or only a remnant uterus, and occasionally a uterus or a remnant horn uterus, while the ovaries generally develop normally and have good secondary sexual characteristics.
Finally,
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