? Small tomato, also known as cherry tomato, is a new fruit tomato variety. Small tomato is deeply loved by consumers because of its bright color, beautiful fruit shape, few seeds and tender meat, rich nutrition, sweet and sour taste. The market expanded and the selling price rose, thanks to the planting in that year, with high economic benefits. The characteristics and main cultivation techniques of this variety are introduced as follows:
1, sowing.
In order to prevent the spread of the virus, the seeds should be disinfected before sowing. The seeds should be wrapped in gauze and soaked in 15% trisodium phosphate aqueous solution for 10 ~ 20 minutes. Then open the gauze, take out the seeds, wrap them with wet cloth and germinate at 25 ~ 30℃. Wash the seeds with warm water 1 ~ 2 times a day. After 2 ~ 3 days of accelerating germination, the seeds can be sown and raised when they are white.
2. Soil preparation, border planting and reasonable close planting.
Small tomatoes are suitable for planting in paddy fields after early rice harvest, and sandy loam with convenient irrigation and drainage, fertile soil and good ventilation and permeability is selected for planting. Before planting, deeply harrow, and apply artificial soil or mushroom soil 1000 kg and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 150 kg per mu. Then, the ridge width is 80 ~ 100 cm, the ridge height is 30 ~ 35 cm, and the trench width is 40 cm. When the seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, two rows can be planted in each border with a row spacing of 35-40 cm and 2500-3000 plants per mu.
3. Fertilizer and water management.
Because small tomatoes have large growth, long fruiting period and high yield, the supply of fertilizer and water should be sufficient. After planting 10 ~ 12 days, water and fertilizer can be combined and thin fertilizer can be applied frequently. During the flowering and fruiting period, combined with ditching and soil cultivation, 50 kg of artificial compound fertilizer was applied per mu. After entering the full fruit stage, water and fertilize every 15 ~ 20 days 1 time to keep the soil moist. Combined with pest control, topdressing outside the roots and spraying 600 times of Gao 'an Susu No.4 solution for 2 ~ 3 times can achieve the purpose of improving quality and increasing yield. During the whole growth period, the amount of fertilizer per mu needs 20 kg of pure nitrogen, 25 kg of phosphorus pentoxide 15 kg and 25 kg of potassium oxide. The ratio of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is 1: 0.67: 1.2.
4. Erect the whole branch.
When the tomato plants grow to 30 ~ 40 cm, they can start to set up shelves. Shelves are mainly herringbone frames, and plowing should be used as climbing space, which is beneficial to ventilation, reducing the harm of pests and diseases, promoting growth and facilitating manual production and operation. The vigorous growth of lateral branches leads to too dense growth and reduces the quality of fruits. Therefore, it is necessary to wipe off too many lateral buds in time, remove the yellow old leaves and diseased leaves at the lower part in time, reduce nutrient consumption, enhance light transmittance, fix long branches in time, and prevent lodging, which is beneficial to growth and fruit hanging.
5. Sparse flowers and fruits.
Small tomatoes have many branches, big flowers and many fruits. There are spikes in almost every internode, so excessive flowers and fruits should be thinned out. Each plant should have 4-5 strong spikes, and each spike should have 4-6 fruits with uniform growth, no pests and diseases, no trauma and strong pedicels. The rest is removed to improve the yield and quality of fruit.
6, pest control.
The main pests of small tomatoes are mites and aphids. The main diseases are bacterial wilt and late blight. Diseases and insect pests are easy to occur during tomato growth, and the propagation time is fast. Therefore, in the production process, it is necessary to go deep into the field in time for effective control. And pay attention to the selection of disease-resistant varieties, reasonable close planting, strengthen field management, and implement rotation with non-solanaceae crops for more than 3 years. Spraying 600 ~ 800 times of Anke manganese zinc solution or 600 times of Lei Domil solution and 800 times of downy mildew bacteria solution at the early stage of tomato disease can achieve good control effect.