1, the first 50mmol/L Tris-HCl is the buffer to ensure the stable PH value during cell lysis. Tris is an organic base.

2. The second 1.0 mmol/L EDTA is a metal chelating agent.

3. The third 150 mmol/L NaCl is an isotonic electrolyte, which is used to coordinate the ion balance inside and outside the cell membrane.

4. The fourth 0. 1% SDS is sodium dodecyl sulfate, which is a surfactant and reducing agent and has solubilization effect.

Extended data:

Brief introduction of cell lysis and its methods;

Cell lysis is an important experimental method to change cell permeability and activity. It is mainly divided into chemical method and mechanical method. The former is mild, while the latter has a high yield, but the reaction is fierce, which is easy to cause DNA breakage in cells.

Cracking methods include chemical cracking, enzymatic cracking and mechanical cracking. Chemical cleavage and enzymatic cleavage are usually mild methods, which rarely destroy DNA. These two methods (including SDS and lysozyme treatment) are often used to extract and purify DNA.

Mechanical lysis can lyse cells more evenly. Compared with chemical cracking, mechanical treatment has higher cracking efficiency and lower selectivity. Mechanical treatment can lyse cells more violently and comprehensively, but it can also cause DNA breakage.