When representing a negative number, the highest bit is the sign bit (the sign bit of a negative number is 1), and the smallest negative number is100000000000. However, in a computer, negative numbers are represented by the complement (the sign bit is unchanged, the rest bits are inverted, and 1 is added), which is specified as 100000000.

When representing positive numbers, the highest bit is the sign bit (the sign bit of positive numbers is 0), and the largest positive number is 011111165438.