It can play the role of solubilization and washing in dry cleaning. There are many kinds of surfactants, including anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants. Commonly used varieties are anionic surfactants such as dialkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl aryl sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and oil-based polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, and nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene ether and polyoxyethylene fatty amine. The concentration of surfactant in water to form capsules is about 0. 1%, while the solubility of inverse capsules in solvent is at least 0.2- 1.0%, that is, the surfactant equivalent to 0.2%- 1.0% is added to the solvent to adhere to the fabric, thus affecting the cleanliness of the fabric.
Step 2 bleach
In order to keep the whiteness of the fabric and the brightness of the colored fabric, peracid can be used as bleaching agent, and the active oxygen content of peracid during dry cleaning is 0.002%-0.4. Peracids that can be used include perboric acid, homomaleic acid, phthalic acid, peracetic acid, peracetic acid and the like. Or the peroxide and the active agent are mixed into the dry cleaning aqueous solution in the ratio of1:1to react to generate peracid. This peroxide can be hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, zinc peroxide, magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide, etc. The active agent can be formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoate, benzene sulfonic acid oxide, etc.
3. Anti-redeposition agent
Anti-redeposition agent can make the dirt washed away by solvent deposit on the fabric again, and improve the whiteness and cleanliness of the fabric. The commonly used anti-redeposition agents are citrate, alkyl dimethylamine, cationic quaternary ammonium salt and amphoteric betaine. These substances have obvious anti-redeposition effect. Changsha lanqier laundry equipment co., ltd
4. Stabilizer
When haloalkane is used as the raw material of dry cleaning agent, its decomposition products will corrode dry cleaning equipment in the presence of water. Therefore, some compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen should be selected as stabilizers to slow down corrosion. Commonly used stabilizers are trioxane, alkylenemethane, benzotriazole, etc. Some alcohols, such as tert-amyl alcohol and isobutanol, can also be used as stabilizers, which not only have the function of slowing down corrosion, but also have the performance of anti-redeposition. Changsha lanqier laundry equipment co., ltd
5. Softening agents and antistatic agents
Softening agent is added to reduce the friction between fabric fibers or between fibers and human body, and improve the hand and touch of fabric after washing. Therefore, antistatic softener should be added to the dry cleaning agent. For example, quaternary ammonium salt, imidazoline and phosphorus ethoxylate with antistatic properties are added. Such as quaternary ammonium salts, imidazolines, ethoxyphosphates and other surfactants. The antistatic agent used alone includes triethyl oxide of hexylamine, salt of diethanolamine, etc. Changsha lanqier laundry equipment co., ltd
When you walk into the dry cleaner, you give the laundry to the dry cleaner's waiter. Then, the waiter gives you a pick-up ticket and you can go. A few days later, you go back to the dry cleaner, pay the dry cleaner's fee, get your clothes back, and you can go.
But, you know what? What happened to your clothes in the dry cleaners these days? What about dry cleaning? What is its workflow? First of all, briefly introduce the history of dry cleaning.
The history of dry cleaning can be traced back to ancient times, probably originating from the birth of textiles and clothing, and the destruction of Pompeii (an ancient Italian city), which recorded for future generations who was a professional laundryman during the period of rapid economic development. At the beginning of cleaning, people used alkali and ammonia. There is a kind of clay, called "bleaching soil", which is used to adsorb dirt and grease on clothes, and the washed clothes become softer and cleaner.
There are many interesting stories about the origin of dry cleaning, most of which are accidental discoveries. When an oily liquid accidentally flows onto the oily fabric, it will evaporate quickly, but the stain is miraculously removed. 1In the 1940s, in Paris, a man named JOLON BELORIN opened the earliest dry cleaners and won the trust of customers. As a result, the dry cleaning era of replacing washed clothes with organic solvents began.
Second, the solvent
Dry cleaning is not pure dry cleaning anyway. Dry cleaning is actually a cleaning method that uses solvents other than water as the medium to remove dirt. Liquid is used in the whole process of dry cleaning. In the early stage of dry cleaning, several fluid dry cleaners have been found, which are called dry cleaning solvents, including benzene, kerosene and gasoline. These fluids are dangerous industries. Synthetic solvents were used in the 1930s, and now many dry cleaning factories are using synthetic solvents.
Dry cleaning is not a simple solution to how to remove stains or spots. At the same time, the old stains stuck on the fabric for a long time were also studied and discussed, or the fabric could not stand high temperature cleaning, or the stains were immiscible with the dry cleaning agent, which led to the abnormal removal of the stains. Therefore, it is more important for dry cleaners to guide customers to read the label description of fabric maintenance and give guidance and explanation.
Third, dry cleaning machine
There are many types of dry cleaning machines. Although their specifications and models are different, their working principles are the same.
1. Structure of dry cleaning machine: Generally speaking, dry cleaning machine consists of four parts: solvent tank, solvent pump, filter, dry cleaning machine or dry cleaning bucket.
2. Function and cleaning process of each part of the dry cleaning machine: the solvent box is filled with dry cleaning agent, and the function of the solvent pump is to remove impurities in the solvent through the filter, and the filtered pure solvent enters the drum of the dry cleaning machine to start cleaning dirty clothes. After washing clothes, the solvent contaminated by dirty clothes passes through the recycler and is extracted in the recycler. After extraction, the pure solvent is returned to the solvent box. This process runs through the whole cleaning process repeatedly to ensure the continuous and effective use of the solvent in the whole cleaning process.
Spin dry
Dehydration is the process of removing solvent from clothes after washing. It uses the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed operation of the drum. When the solvent is completely discharged, the clothes are no longer soaked by the solvent. At this time, dehydration begins, and high-speed movement makes the clothes cling to the drum. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solvent on the clothes passes through many small holes on the drum and enters the recycler to achieve the purpose of spin-drying.
4. Distillation
The drum of the dry cleaning machine automatically stops running every time clothes are washed, and the solvent polluted by dirty clothes flowing into the recycling machine begins to be extracted, that is, distilled. Distillation is to boil and vaporize the liquid in the solution, and the clean solvent is obtained by distillation, while the impurities are left behind. The solvent is evaporated by distillation and heating, and then passes through the refrigerant coil condenser, and the clean solvent is returned to the solvent box for further use in the next cleaning cycle.
5. Washing ability
Washing capacity refers to the weight of dry cleaning clothes washed by the dry cleaning machine every time, and the rotating speed of the dry cleaning machine is related to the weight of clothes driven by the drum of the dry cleaning machine (refers to the weight of clothes when drying, and the load-volume ratio is generally within the range of 1: 16- 1:20. If the dry cleaning machine is calculated as 12KG, its washing machine capacity should be greater than 20 at most.
6. Classification of clothes before dry cleaning
Check the classification of clothes before dry cleaning. According to the types of clothes and the properties of fibers, different dry cleaners are selected to determine the washing temperature of solvents.
7. Before dry cleaning, you can use the corresponding detergent to remove heavy stains on clothes. Technicians will remove an important stain and choose the type and dosage of the detergent according to the type and size of the stain.
The research process of all scientific research results includes the painstaking efforts of professional and technical personnel, who have paid a lot of sweat for one of your clothes.