In view of what you said, it may be that the walnut tree is small and the grafting part is not completely healed. Generally, walnut trees begin to bear fruit after the third year, and it is best not to bear fruit too early, which will affect the tree potential. During the period of young trees, management should be strengthened. You can add some farmyard manure to enhance the tree growth.

The following are some management methods I have extracted, hoping to help you.

Reasonable pruning is an important technical measure to improve the yield and stable yield of walnut. Because pruning during dormancy is easy to bleed, weaken the tree potential, and even cause local branches to die. The suitable pruning period of walnut trees is from autumn fruit harvest to defoliation.

Pruning the first fruit tree. From the beginning to a large number of fruits, the walnut tree grows vigorously, the crown expands significantly year by year, and the number of fruits increases year by year. At this time, in addition to continuing to cultivate multipolar backbone branches, attention should also be paid to retaining auxiliary branches and thinning useless dense branches, long branches and weak branches; All kinds of branches are evenly distributed, and more bearing branches are left in the crown, and the bearing area is increased by maintaining moderate density. The growth branches of backbone branches at all levels are adjusted by removing strength and leaving weakness, so as to maintain the balanced development of tree potential and cultivate a full crown.

Prune the fruit when it is full. At this time, pruning is mainly to maintain fruit yield and extend the full fruit period. Densely planted twigs, dead branches, overlapping branches, drooping branches, pests and diseases inside and outside the crown should be cut off from the base as much as possible, and ventilation and lighting conditions should be improved to promote the growth of robust fruiting and developing branches. The robust branches extracted from the lumen should be kept properly to facilitate the endometrial results. For branches that are too dense, they should be trimmed year by year, and the wound should be flattened when cutting to promote good healing.

Pruning of old trees. When the growth of walnut tree declines, it needs to be pruned and updated again to restore the vitality of the tree and prolong the fruiting period. The key point is to retract and prune the burnt perennial branches, and choose an auxiliary branch at the retracted position to promote wound healing and budding, so that it can become a strong new branch and revitalize the tree. For the old trees that are too weak, the perennial trunk branches can be renewed year by year, and the vigorous overgrowth branches can be germinated by using the hidden buds, and the crown can be formed again, so that the trees can grow vigorously. At the same time pruning combined with fertilization, watering, pest control and other management, the effect is better.

Management of young walnut;

Juvenile period refers to 1 ~ 3 years after planting. The main task of this management work is to strengthen fertilizer and water management, accelerate the growth of trees, and lay a good material foundation for premature delivery and high yield in the future; Do a good job in plastic surgery and cultivate the skeleton of a high-yield tree.

Management of length planting in the same year

When planting, it is mainly to accelerate the growth of seedlings on the basis of ensuring survival. The specific work should be carried out in the following aspects:

(1) After planting until the end of May, it is particularly important to water for drought resistance when there is severe drought, especially in bud stage and leaf opening stage; Clear ditches and drain water stains in time in rainy season to prevent root system from dying. Reasonable control of water is the key to survival rate.

(2) Fertilize frequently in June. Generally, from June to September, urea is applied once a month, and the fertilization amount is 50g per plant (12). 10/0 ~150g (2 ~ 3 taels) per plant in October.

(3) Shaping: when the seedlings grow to 80 cm, it is not necessary to remove the core (for the seedlings that have been dried during planting). After germination, three robust buds with different directions and a spacing of 6-8 cm are selected as the main branches for culture, and all other buds in the range of 5-6 cm near the three main branch culture buds are wiped off to avoid affecting the growth of the three main branch buds; Buds that do not affect the growth of main branches are picked when they grow to 20 ~ 25 cm, and the post-treatment is the same as before.

When the remaining three main branches grow to 40-45 cm, the core is picked, and after branching, a bud is selected as an extension branch to grow, and a bud is selected as a side branch for culture; When the lateral branch is 30 cm long, the core is removed, and when the extension branch is 45 ~ 50 cm long, the core is removed; Using the method of pulling rope to pile, the three main branches are evenly distributed, and the branch angle is about 45 degrees. For buds that do not affect the growth of extension branches and lateral branches, smooth or leave buds according to their density: generally, leave 1 bud at the distance of 15 ~ 20 cm, and pick the core for auxiliary branch culture when it grows to 20 ~ 25 cm. Some walnuts have strong early fruiting, and most seedlings have female flower buds when they germinate in the same year of planting. Clear it in time after it is found, so as not to affect the survival and tree growth.

2. Management in the second to third years

The main task of management from the second year to the third year is to accelerate the growth of trees, promote their formation as soon as possible, lay a good foundation for high yield in the future, and let trees bear a small amount of fruit at the same time. Generally, all female flower buds are picked in the next spring to promote the growth of trees. In the third year, each tree bears 40 to 60 fruits (about 40 to 50 kilograms per mu). The focus of management work is plastic trimming and fertilizer and water management.

There are two aspects in shaping and pruning: one is to cultivate a lateral branch on the basis of the previous year, so that each main branch has two lateral branches and one extension branch, and the whole tree becomes "three branches and nine heads". The first side branch is 40-45cm away from the trunk, and the second side branch is 50-55cm away from the first side branch, which is completed by methods such as coring and pulling branches. The second is to cultivate fruiting branches on the upper and lower sides of lateral branches, extension branches and main branches, and use pruning methods such as coring and kinking to make fruiting branches of different sizes fill the space of the tree. Results the principle of branch configuration is that the inside is big and the outside is small. The dishes inside and outside are staggered in size, dense but not crowded, sparse but not empty.

Fertilizer and water management focuses on fertilization and drainage. Fertilize four times a year. After defoliation in autumn, 65,438+00 ~ 65,438+05 kg (20 ~ 30 kg) of decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied to each plant, 65,438+000 ~ 65,438+050 g (2 ~ 3 liang) of urea should be applied to each plant in spring germination, and 65,430 g of urea should be applied to each plant in the middle and late May. Buried in the periphery of the crown, after fertilization, in case of drought, it can be properly watered to facilitate the absorption of fertilizer. Pay special attention to drainage when it rains heavily, because walnuts are drought-resistant and afraid of waterlogging.

The tree you planted last year should be regarded as the second year this year. It is better to use urea in early spring. Nitrogen fertilizer promotes the emergence of branches and leaves and plays a role in raising seedlings. But you have bought compound fertilizer, which can be used. Half a catty of a tree is enough. Buy less urea and apply foliar fertilizer in May. The specific method is: spray 1:300 times urea solution evenly on the tree crown with a sprayer until.

By August, nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped. Only compound fertilizer can be used. At this time, excessive nitrogen fertilizer will make walnut grow too long in autumn, delay the capping period and cause freezing injury in winter. At this time, in addition to applying compound fertilizer underground, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1:300 times on the leaves is beneficial to the growth of walnuts in the second year.

In May, walnut entered the period of rapid fruit expansion and secondary bud germination. The key point of management is to meet the water and fertilizer supply of walnut, reduce nutrient consumption, improve the fruit setting rate and good fruit rate, and lay the foundation for the subsequent secondary shoot growth and flower bud differentiation. The following management measures should be taken:

1. Properly topdressing to improve the tree potential. With the help of natural precipitation, walnut trees are generally topdressing once. The amount of topdressing depends on the size of the tree, the strength of the tree and the number of fruits. Generally, 0.5 ~ 1 kg urea is applied to each plant.

2. Reduce nutrition consumption. First, continue to cut off too many redundant branches, weak branches and bud-free branches inside the tree and erase too many weak buds. Second, the single plant with too much fruit should be properly thinned, with the focus on thinning the inner branches. The fruit thinning time should be in the middle of May, and the leaf-fruit ratio should be 3 ~ 5:1. Third, continue to bud and smear the high-grafted seedlings that changed from poor to good last year.

3. Slow down and promote flowers. Continue to lengthen the branches, so that the branches are evenly distributed and the illumination is enhanced; For the strong trees with late fruit, the trunk will be cut off in late May, and the flower will be promoted by Cuihuawang No.2..

4. Preparation before connection. Prepare the best walnut trees for high grafting, and pick the new shoots of 4 ~ 10 to be selected when they are 30 ~ 40 cm long, which is beneficial to thickening and growth.

5. Pest control. Leaf-eating insect scarab can be treated by spraying stomach medicine and new high-fat film before evening; This new high-fat film can be used against sucking insects, such as grass lice and cicadas. In view of the harm of walnut branch rot and canker, the diseased part can be cut longitudinally with a sharp knife, and the cut part extends 2 cm to the xylem, and the wound is coated with calluses for prevention and treatment.