Auto repair is divided into electrician, painter, sheet metal worker and artist.
Electrician, mainly repairing mechanical parts such as automobile engine gearbox. Mechatronics needs to use decoders, multimeters and other auxiliary equipment to test the automobile circuit control system because there are many automobile faults.
Sheet metal worker, arrived after the accident.
Repair the car body, that is, in addition to the anti-corrosion and decoration of the car body. Such as body damage analysis, body measurement, body sheet metal shaping, tension correction, stress relief welding, body accessories assembly adjustment and so on. Mainly for the appearance of the car body, such as the replacement, repair, correction and sheet metal of the external car body (such as bumper and door), as well as the general repair work such as welding, shelving and correction.
Painters, after automotive sheet metal, trim, mix, paint and polish the lines, planes (curved surfaces), gaps, car bodies and parts repaired by sheet metal. Rust-proof paint, now some auto repair shops use water-based paint to reduce the damage to the environment in response to the national environmental protection policy.
Decoration workers mainly wash cars and face-lifting. Projects include car washing, beauty, polishing and waxing, glaze sealing and crystal plating, liquid glass, color change, film pasting and chassis protective armor spraying. Modify the sound, exhaust, interior, lighting, lower fender, upper pedal, etc.
There are two ways to train auto mechanics.
The first one is that the proportion of auto repair stations where the master takes the apprentice training is 98%. Under normal circumstances, the apprentice of a mechanic has to work for at least two to three years, which is based on the premise that a good master is willing to teach you, otherwise it may be longer! In this mode, the ability of maintenance workers is uneven, most of them have a low level of education, and they have no ability and academic qualifications in the later stage.
The second type of vocational schools, which mainly focus on automobile technology, have trained most automobile technicians with technical level and theoretical knowledge but no actual automobile maintenance ability. Most graduates are engaged in sales consultants, service consultants, management and other work, lacking standard systematic training and work practice ability, and a few are engaged in auto repair to study and practice in workshops.
Cause analysis of lack of repairman
The demographic dividend disappears, and the population gap ("According to network statistics, the total labor force in China has been decreasing year by year since 20 13, and by 20 16, the total labor force has decreased by17.96 million. In addition, due to the current low fertility rate, the post-90 s has decreased by about 35% compared with the post-80 s, and the post-90 s has decreased by about 29%. ) The supply of blue-collar workers drops suddenly, and the shortage of blue-collar workers in various industries will lead to labor shortage. With the retirement of blue-collar workers after 60 s and 70 s, the gap of blue-collar workers will become bigger and bigger. The rise of the Internet era has spawned a large number of jobs with relatively low thresholds and relatively free and stable salaries (such as online car rental, take-out and express delivery). Compared with auto repair, these jobs are now more popular with young people!
The education level and skill qualification level of automobile maintenance personnel in China are generally low. The proportion of junior high school education of automobile maintenance workers in China is 75.5%, and the proportion of senior high school education is 18.5%. The qualified rate of automobile mechanics in China is less than 35%, while those with junior high school education are 4%, those with senior high school education are 59.5%, and those with junior high school education or above are 36.5%. The qualified rate of automobile mechanic skills in China is 35%, while that in developed countries is 70%. (Please know whether the above data acquisition networks are the same)
The professional discrimination of auto mechanics in China is deeply rooted, and auto mechanics are still at the bottom of the professional contempt chain. There has always been a wonderful cognition in our society, that is, if you don't want to learn, you must learn to repair cars, even if your grades are not good. It is this wrong cognition and concept that leads to the overall technical level of automobile mechanics in China falling behind developed countries. How can people whose technology and culture are not up to standard repair such high-tech products as cars?
The existing automobile mechanics lack a perfect learning, training, assessment and management system, which leads to the failure to improve the skills and abilities of existing automobile mechanics and the lack of high-quality technical talents in maintenance enterprises. Poor technical ability of auto mechanics leads to poor efficiency of auto mechanics, low salary of auto mechanics and poor income of the whole industry. Of course, the appeal to young people is also greatly reduced. Butterfly effect leads to poor development of automobile maintenance industry.
Automobile maintenance is a technical service industry, and many people may say that the salary of automobile mechanics is high! But the truth is really not what everyone thinks. According to the feedback from many auto mechanics, the salary is generally lower now, which may be a little higher than that of ordinary office workers. Only a few auto mechanics have high wages, and low wages are well known in the auto repair industry. Generally, the working hours are longer. Many mechanics work for more than ten hours, and most maintenance foremen work overtime without overtime pay. Repairmen must have good physical strength and constantly learn the upgrading of cars. They sweat in summer and catch cold in winter, and engage in high-intensity physical and mental work. With the retirement of the post-60 s auto mechanics, the post-70 s auto mechanics are getting older and older, and their physical strength and energy are too weak to undertake high-intensity auto repair. The post-80s and post-90s will become the main force in the auto repair industry.
At present, China's automobile maintenance enterprises are short of talents, low wages, insufficient study and training, irregular management, uneven personnel quality and rigid mechanism, which are the reasons for the shortage of automobile technicians. This phenomenon has become the bottleneck of the sustainable development of automobile maintenance industry! Automobile maintenance enterprises have entered the era of transformation, upgrading and reform! How repairmen survive in the reform of automobile industry!
Please forgive me if the information is similar to the photo collection network of this work.
Xie Zebin July 5, 20021year
Million car purchase subsidy