At present, it is generally divided into diagnosis and treatment departments, auxiliary diagnosis and treatment departments, nursing departments and administrative logistics departments.

The diagnosis and treatment department is the main business department of the hospital, including various clinical departments in wards and outpatient departments, such as internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and so on. Emergency department and preventive health care department usually belong to diagnosis and treatment department.

Auxiliary diagnosis and treatment departments include professional departments that provide technical support for clinic, including pharmacy, radiology, laboratory, pathology, physical diagnosis, operating room, physiotherapy, disinfection equipment supply room, nutrition department (most hospitals in China are managed by logistics department), functional examination and endoscopy room. Auxiliary diagnosis and treatment department is an important part of modern hospital, which has special technology and equipment to assist clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Nursing department is a system that independently completes professional work. Although nursing professionals are distributed in various positions in the diagnosis and treatment department and the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment department, they accomplish their professional tasks through the two-level management system of head nurse and nursing department.