Refers to a substance formed by the arrangement of silicon atoms. Silicon is the most common and widely used semiconductor material. When the molten elemental silicon solidifies, the silicon atoms are arranged in the diamond lattice to form a crystal nucleus, and the crystal nucleus grows into grains with the same crystal plane orientation to form single crystal silicon. As a relatively active nonmetallic crystal, monocrystalline silicon is an important part of crystal materials and is at the forefront of the development of new materials.

The manufacture of monocrystalline silicon material goes through the following processes: quartz sand-metallurgical grade silicon-purification and refining-polycrystalline silicon ingot deposition-monocrystalline silicon-silicon wafer cutting. Its main uses are as semiconductor materials and solar photovoltaic power generation, heating and so on. Monocrystalline silicon has the physical properties of metalloid and weak conductivity, and its conductivity increases with the increase of temperature.

The difference with polysilicon

Crystalline silicon is divided into monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon according to different crystal orientations. The difference between monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon is; When molten elemental silicon solidifies, silicon atoms are arranged into many crystal nuclei in the diamond lattice. If these crystal nuclei grow into grains with the same crystal plane orientation, monocrystalline silicon is formed. If these nuclei grow into grains with different crystal orientations, polysilicon is formed.

The difference between polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon is mainly in physical properties, such as mechanical properties and electrical properties. Polycrystalline silicon is not as good as monocrystalline silicon. Polycrystalline silicon can be used as the raw material for controlling monocrystalline silicon, and it is also the basic material for solar cells and photovoltaic power generation. Monocrystalline silicon is the purest substance in the world, and the general semiconductor devices require the purity of silicon to be above 6 9s (6N).

Refer to the above? Baidu encyclopedia-monocrystalline silicon