The height of the tree is no more than 3 meters, and the dry height is about 60 cm. There are 10 ~ 15 small branches on the central trunk. Spiral arrangement from the trunk upward, with an interval of about 20 cm, scattered in the air, extending evenly in all directions, and the distance between two small main branches on the same side is about 50 cm. The included angle between the small main branch and the trunk is 70 ~ 80. The small main branch is directly planted on the twig group, and the thickness of the small main branch is less than 1/2 of the main branch in the planting position, and the thickness of the bearing branch group is not greater than 1/2 of the small main branch. Pruning is mainly based on slow release and branch retraction, and short cutting is rarely used (Figure 5-2).
Figure 5-2 Spindle Tree Structure
In the year of planting, the stem height is about 80 cm, and the middle stem grows upright. In the first year, 2-4 new shoots with good orientation and a length of about 100 cm were selected from the central stems over 60 cm. When the new buds stop growing, they are pulled to a horizontal state and cultivated into small main branches. When cutting in winter, the extension branches of the central trunk should be cut 50 ~ 60 cm. After the second year, continue to cultivate the small main branches according to the method of the first year, thinning the upright branches within 20 cm from the trunk of the small main branches, and twisting the rest according to the requirements of the cultivated branch group, and thinning the useless branches; The length of the extension branch of the central trunk in winter is smaller than that in the first year, generally 40 ~ 50 cm. After 4 ~ 5 years, the tree shape is basically formed, and the extension branches of the central trunk are no longer short; When you have chosen enough small branches, you can be happy; In order to maintain the height of 2.5 ~ 3 meters, weak branches can be replaced every year to maintain good tree potential and pay attention to renewal and rejuvenation. Branchlets are generally not pruned in the first four years of winter pruning, and their extended branches are not chopped. For the small main branches 1 m long, it is necessary to help them reach the basic level; The small main branches less than 1 m long will not be pulled out for the time being, and will be pulled out to the level when they are about 1 m long. Branches that are too long and too large should be recovered in time; The thickness of small main branches should not exceed 1/2 of the central trunk of the growing part. If it is too thick, some branches and branches can be thinned to weaken their growth potential. Timely thinning out the competitive branches on the central trunk and the overgrown branches, dense branches and overlapping branches in the inner chamber to keep the tree stable, ensure ventilation and light transmission, inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases, and lay a foundation for improving pear fruit quality and realizing pollution-free production of pears.