First of all, we should investigate and understand the basic situation of the orchard, such as site conditions, management level, tree age, rootstock and panicle combination, tree species planning, variety distribution, planting structure, target tree shape, pruning reaction, existing problems in previous years, etc., and study pruning schemes and technical schemes. Generally, trees and varieties that sprout and bloom early should be pruned first and then pruned; Prune adult trees first, then prune young trees. In order to ensure the quality of pruning, the principles and standards of pruning should be unified, and all pruning personnel should be given technical training when necessary, and trees should never be pruned lightly. Tree shearers' shoes must be soft-soled, so as to avoid stepping on the bark after climbing trees and causing diseases and pests; Clothes should be tight, strong and tied tightly; Gloves should be woven with double threads, which is flexible to operate; It is best to wear ear protection caps when the weather is cold; Scissors and hand saws should be sharpened in advance to avoid unnecessary skin damage; Tool disinfectants, wound protectants and their brushes should also be prepared in advance for use at any time.

(2) Develop the habit of reading before cutting.

Before pruning, carefully observe the tree body, grasp the main contradiction and take into account the secondary contradiction to make key adjustments. Experienced people often look at the tree and look around before cutting it down. By observing the skeleton structure of crown and the distribution of fruiting branches in different directions, the main problems existing in the requirements of tree pruning principles are found out, and then the technical scheme and its operating procedures are decided according to these conditions. This is the truth of "the tree goes around three times and then cuts it down".

(3) orderly and step-by-step pruning operation.

In order to ensure the quality of pruning and improve work efficiency, pruning operations must be carried out step by step and in an orderly manner, instead of cutting one in the east and one in the west.

(4) Carefully prune to ensure quality.

Strictly speaking, in order to lay a good foundation for premature, high-yield, high-quality and stable production of trees from the perspective of shaping and pruning, and give consideration to both immediate and long-term comprehensive interests, any branch must be treated seriously and carefully. Every pair of scissors should be thoughtful and well-founded. In terms of technical methods and usage, it must be correct and reasonable, neither light nor heavy, just right, just right. Never be hasty, sloppy and eager for quick success, only pay attention to the number of trees cut down, regardless of the quality of work.

(5) Cut the tree to the end continuously with clear intention.

In order to facilitate inspection, when cutting down trees, people are generally divided according to people, and people are determined by lines, instead of randomly cutting one plant in the east and one plant in the west. Because there are some differences in pruning ideas between people, we should try our best to cut down the trees we have cut at one time anyway, and we should not give up halfway and throw the unfinished trees to others to clean up. In order to make fruit trees take shape quickly, bear fruit early, and have high quality and high yield for a long time, they must be pruned continuously every year according to the structure of the target tree in the young tree period, and pruning every other year and pruning with branches are not allowed. In addition, in order to consider the convenience of others' pruning in the future, it is necessary to make clear the pruning intention for the cultivation of backbone branches and fruiting branches, so as to avoid the difficulty in distinguishing others' pruning in the future, which will affect the crown formation speed and fruit stability.

(6) Prevent the spread of accidents and pests.

When many people prune the same tree, they should pay attention to each other and give consideration to other people's homework to prevent accidents caused by accidentally cutting off branches. Branches with pests and diseases should generally be cut off or scraped off, and immediately burned or taken out of the garden. At the same time, the pruning tools after operation should be strictly disinfected, burned or treated with 0. 1% mercury chloride before they can be moved to other branches for pruning to prevent the spread of pests and diseases. The big wound caused by pruning also needs to be disinfected and protected in time, which can not only control the invasion of pests and diseases from the wound into the tree, but also reduce transpiration and water loss and promote wound healing.