Because the whole bladder has been removed, how to solve the function of urine storage and urination of these patients has long been the focus of international urologists' attention, research and exploration. In traditional methods, urinary diversion (controllable or uncontrollable stoma) can be used to solve the above problems after cystectomy. The diversion of urine flow means that urine is discharged from the abdominal stoma. The controllable "bladder" needs to be guided regularly by itself, while the uncontrollable "bladder" will involuntarily flow out and enter the urine collection bag worn by patients all day. Urinary diversion surgery is relatively simpler than "bladder" replacement surgery. However, the skin around the stoma is prone to complications such as inflammation and ulcer. Sometimes the urine bag accidentally falls down, which will lead to "Jinshan overflow". The wet clothes and the smell of urine not only make patients feel depressed and unhappy, but also sometimes make them in a very embarrassing situation. Finally, patients become very afraid to go to public places, which seriously affects their social activities and physical and mental health. Of course, the economic burden caused by the consumption of urine bags and catheters and the aesthetic influence of abdominal wall are also very obvious shortcomings of this operation.

At present, both at home and abroad tend to replace "bladder" with intestine. According to the method of plastic surgery, a new urine storage bag is made, the upper end of which is connected with ureter and the lower end is directly connected with urethra, thus avoiding urine from being diverted from abdominal skin. This kind of orthotopic bladder reconstruction has become more and more popular internationally in recent years. The new "bladder" not only has a certain volume, but also can maintain a low tension. After some training, patients can basically urinate freely, meet the physiological needs of "normal urination" and improve their quality of life significantly.