Chrysanthemum, also known as Hibiscus, is a deciduous shrub or small tree of Hibiscus in Malvaceae. Hibiscus is an excellent ornamental tree species with lush foliage, simple management, flowering in summer and autumn and different colors. Often make flower fences and flower walls, and plant them on roadsides and forest edges. However, if hibiscus is allowed to grow for a long time, the tree body is often too large, the branches are too messy, the base of the big branches is bare, and there are few flowers, and the flowering period is short and the flowers are small, which reduces the ornamental value. From 20065438+0 to 2003, the plastic pruning of hibiscus in our school was systematically explored. After three years of reasonable pruning, the flowering period of hibiscus flowers was prolonged and the amount of flowers increased, showing a good ornamental effect. 1 Hibiscus shaping According to the different opening degrees of Hibiscus branches, Hibiscus can be divided into two types, one is upright and the other is open. The upright hibiscus branches have small incident angle, nearly upright, strong germination ability, relatively poor branching ability and are not resistant to long-term release; It can be cultivated and transformed into a non-hierarchical tree with a trunk, with 3-4 main branches planted on the trunk and the rest sparse, and each main branch can be planted with 1-2 side branches, which is called dry happiness. The branch angle of open-branch hibiscus is larger, the branches are open, the flourishing branches and middle-flower branches are stronger than the upright hibiscus, and they are more sensitive to pruning, so they can be cultivated into clustered shrubs. Compared with the open shape with trunk, the main difference is that there is no trunk or the trunk is very short, and there are many main branches, usually 4-6, which is called cluster shape. 2 Hibiscus Pruning 2. 1 Trunk Open-heart Pruning For upright Hibiscus, head growth often occurs, branches in the crown are crowded, branches occupy small effective space, and flowering parts are easy to move outward, forming light transmission at the base, which can gradually transform into open-heart shape. The main pruning methods are as follows: first, reasonably choose to keep the main branches and side branches, and sparse the redundant main branches and side branches in batches, so that the distribution of the main branches and side branches is reasonable and the density is moderate, but not too many branches can be thinned within one year; Second, the main branches and lateral branches should shrink again, the new branches should have a larger angle and a positive direction, and the peripheral branches should be reasonably thinned to facilitate ventilation and light transmission; Third, the annual strong flower branches are not cut after flowering, but released slowly. In the second year, all the vigorous branches and strong flower branches sprouted on them are thinned, leaving short and medium branches to bloom. The perennial branches with thin inner cavities are constantly retracted and updated, and the middle flower branches are cut short at the branches, which can effectively adjust the branch potential and promote the quality improvement of flower buds. Fourth, cut the peripheral branches short, leaving the outer buds. Generally, three strong branches can be sent out, the competitive branches can be removed, the others can be released slowly, and then recovered and cultivated into a branch group. 2.2 Cluster pruning often leads to too many main branches, premature drooping of peripheral branches, and numerous and messy internal upright branches. The pruning methods are as follows: first, change the head with the branches on the back in time to prevent the peripheral branches from drooping and premature aging, and treat the branches with the same shape as pistachios; Second, the upright branches germinate in the inner chamber, which is generally sparse and has a large space for use, but it is generally not necessary to cut them short to prevent too many branches from disturbing the tree shape. The inner branches and other branches become thinner from vigorous branches, and the strong flower branches increase and contract in time after being slowly released, and then release and contract. By this method, the proportion of medium and short flower branches is increasing. Cultivation and management: Hibiscus enjoys light, water and warm and humid climate, and is slightly tolerant to semi-shade and easy to manage. Irrigation 1 to 2 times can be used before hibiscus flowers sprout in spring and bloom in summer to promote vigorous growth. Hibiscus is resistant to pruning. After defoliation in autumn or before germination in spring, dead branches, diseased branches, weak branches and insect branches should be cut off to facilitate branch regeneration.

Pest control: hibiscus flowers are vulnerable to aphids and leaf roller moths, so attention should be paid to prevention and control.