How to prune papaya begonia first, determine the dry height: spindle-shaped shaping of papaya, the dry height is 60-80 cm; Make full use of fruit with horizontal branches and drooping branches. For weak seedlings, cut off new branches and dry them again. For young trees that have dried up, the lower branches should be thinned and the position of the main branches should be raised.
Second, the treatment of the central trunk: in order to keep the central trunk upright and robust, and prevent the upper trunk from being strong and the lower trunk from being weak, within 1-5 years after the trunk is fixed, the extension branches of the central trunk should be cut off by 40-50cm every year, and the competitive branches on it should be leveled in time or used for changing heads, and 2-4 small main branches should be left in the cut central trunk section every year; If the center is too strong and the upper part is exposed, cut buds to promote branches, or pull the extended branches to one side of the five branches, cut buds on the back, re-cultivate the center and dry the extended branches; For trees with strong upper part and weak lower part, the central trunk is sawed off from the perennial part, and a more upright branch is left on the upper part as a new extension branch to promote downward control and gradually make the growth potential of the crown consistent.
Third, the treatment of main branches: the free spindle-shaped main branches should not be too thick and too large, and should not exceed the central trunk. When selecting and retaining the main branches, we should adopt the cultivation method of uniaxial extension, no stratification and no lateral branches, and the branches should be cultivated directly on it. Every year, in addition to intercepting the extension branches of the central trunk by 40cm to maintain a certain growth potential, it is also necessary to trim the competitive branches and the larger side branches on the main branches and auxiliary branches to weaken the growth potential of the main branches and play the role of slowing down the front and promoting the back and opening the angle.
4. Treatment of auxiliary branches: During plastic surgery, the auxiliary branches on the central trunk should be temporarily kept, generally not thinned or shortened, but the angle should be widened to the space where the branches are missing, so that they can blossom and bear fruit after one or two years of slow-release treatment. At this time, the flowering branches are generally not cut, and the strong long branches are headed by weak buds, which will inhibit the former, promote the latter, and promote the growth of short fruit branches. The dense medium and long branches are properly thinned. After the main branches are thickened, some auxiliary branches become thinner when the crown branches are densely crowded.
V. Treatment of branches: Because the tree is small, it is mainly equipped with small and medium-sized branches. The cultivation method is to slow down before cutting, or to cut off the fruit branches after fruiting properly. Branches are best born on both sides, taking care of the back and controlling the back. String? Use shaping, ring cutting, bud carving and other methods to promote the local cluster branches to become flowers and reduce the volume. Welcome to buy Papaya grandiflora, specializing in the production of a series of begonia seedlings such as Papaya grandiflora and Begonia macrophylla. Good quality, low price and high survival rate.
How to raise papaya begonia bonsai Papaya begonia used for bonsai can be cultivated from seedlings and propagated by sowing, cutting, layering at high altitude and grafting. Can we also use the old trees eliminated by the garden department to saw the trunk to a certain height and then plant it in clay pots or underground? Raise the blank? And cultivate new modeling branches, and shape them after pruning, Pinza and pulling. Pay attention to properly modify large wounds to make them easy-going and natural. Although it is artificial, it looks like nature? The artistic effect, and finally moved into a small basin to watch. Transplanting and pot turning of papaya and begonia should be carried out in early spring, and there are clods, so the main roots should be cut short and more lateral roots should be left. Planting in neutral to slightly acidic, loose and fertile sandy soil, applying decomposed cake fertilizer powder as base fertilizer. After survival, put it in an outdoor sunny place for maintenance, and keep the basin soil moist without watering during the growing period. In the first ten days of April, spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves once to make the buds strong and provide sufficient nutrition for later flowering and fruiting. Because there is little soil and limited nutrients in potted plants, it is not advisable to have too many fruits. Generally, 3 to 5 fruits can be left in each pot, and the rest fruits should be picked as soon as possible to avoid consuming too much nutrition and affecting the normal growth of plants. Once a month? Surfing water? In order to prevent soil alkalization and make fruit delicious. In maintenance, the head is often picked to keep the plant beautiful. After defoliation in winter, the plants should be trimmed and reshaped once, and the dead branches, weak branches and other branches that affect the shape should be cut off, and more strong branches should be left to blossom and bear fruit in the coming year. Papaya is cold-resistant, and it can stay in sunny places outside for the winter. The flowerpot is best buried underground, or it can be placed indoors above 0℃. If the temperature is too high, the plant will germinate ahead of time, which is not conducive to the growth of the next year. Therefore, the maximum temperature should not exceed 10℃ to make the plant fully dormant. Turn over the pot in early spring every 1 to 2 years.
Water Cultivation Techniques of Papaya Begonia
Although papaya begonia is afraid of stagnant water, it likes humid environment. If there is water shortage for a long time, the leaves will become smaller, fall off and wilt, and in severe cases the plants will die. Therefore, the plants planted in the ground can be watered once in June 5438+065438+ 10, once again in early March, and once again after flowering. When summer is dry, you can water it properly and water it thoroughly every time. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season to avoid root rot caused by flood, and control watering after autumn, otherwise it is not suitable for dormancy.
Fertilize soil or land
Sufficient decomposed fertilizer should be applied as base fertilizer. After flowering, apply compound fertilizer 1 ~ 2 times a year to supplement the nutrition consumed by flowering and promote fruit development. July-August is the flower bud differentiation period, and some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied to promote flower bud differentiation and make bloom flourish in the next year. In June165438+1October, cake fertilizer was applied again to increase the tree vigor and improve the flowering quality in the coming year.
decrease
Papaya begonia is resistant to pruning. Plants planted on the ground can be pruned once a year after falling leaves in autumn or before germination in spring. Its tree shape is mainly in the form of multi-branch shrubs, and it can also be trimmed into spherical, cylindrical, basket or other shapes, and overlapping branches, cross branches, pest branches, weak branches and long branches are cut off to increase ventilation and light transmission inside the crown. Cut off the top of the old branches that have blossomed in the second year, leaving only the base of the branches to concentrate nutrition and produce more flowers.
potted landscape
Papaya begonia is also a common bonsai tree species, which is suitable for making different forms of bonsai, such as straight-dry, inclined-dry, double-dry, bent-dry, water-facing, exposed-root, jungle, multi-dry and so on. For young trees, the shape is mainly Pinza, supplemented by pruning, and the trunk is tortuous, but the artificial traces should not be too heavy and the branches should not be too dense. It is best to be sparse and elegant, so that it looks fresh and elegant. Just click a few branches and you can outline the unique charm of Haitang. Originated from nature and higher than nature? The artistic effect is that before flowering, moss is spread on the basin surface, and accessories such as stone pavilions and figures are matched to make it poetic. For old piles that have grown for many years, they should be modeled according to the tree potential and make bonsai with different styles. The crown can be made into regular circular pieces or natural shapes, and it should be trimmed and tied together to make it flourish. Some people have processed the trunk of Malus pedunculata into several bends. What is that? Youlong style? This kind of bonsai has too many artificial traces, lacks natural charm, and has the same shape, so it should not be advocated too much.
Flower control
Through manual control, potted or potted begonia papaya can bloom before the Spring Festival. The method is to put the plants into a pot after defoliation in autumn, move them into a greenhouse about 45 days before flowering, control the room temperature at 10℃~ 15℃, and spray water every 2 ~ 3 days; If the temperature is 20℃, spray water twice a day, and the sprayed water should not be too low, otherwise the buds will stop growing, and the water temperature is about 30℃. After the bud is formed, in order to make the flower strong and the leaves green, the temperature in the greenhouse should be reduced to 5℃ to 8℃ and dried for about a week. 18℃ to 15℃ to promote flowering, and flowers can bloom in 30 to 40 days; When the temperature is 20℃, it will bloom in about 25 days. When the temperature is 25℃, 15 will bloom in 20 days. Plants after flower-forcing treatment should not be placed below 0℃, otherwise the expanded buds will be frozen. Buds can be sold after they are spread out, and flowers should not be listed after they are completely open, so as to avoid petals falling off during transportation.