In modern times, in addition to spreading their religious beliefs, groups of missionaries who came to China made great efforts in medical care and education, and achieved remarkable results. In the 2th century, westerners have successfully set up a number of new medical and educational institutions in China, including the former Union Medical College Hospital, which was founded by several churches in Britain and America. Concord is the translation of English Union.
The Gengzi Incident is a great event at the turn of the century. Although China has suffered an unprecedented painful experience, the Sino-Western relations have also undergone major changes. A group of knowledgeable westerners realize that modern knowledge and new education should be popularized in China to promote China's modernization and progress. Therefore, after entering the 2th century, there has been an upsurge of setting up educational institutions in China among westerners. This includes the Rockefeller Foundation of the United States.
Rockefeller's name is well known all over the world and has become synonymous with wealth. Meanwhile, Rockefeller is also one of the most influential philanthropists in the world. Since the old Rockefeller, this family has made great contributions to various social undertakings. In China, Rockefeller also has a lot of donations. In fact, apart from the United States, China is the country that spends the most on the Rockefeller Foundation.
Fredrick Gates was a key figure who urged the old Rockefeller to invest his wealth in charity. At his suggestion, the old Rockefeller decided not to be just a profitable capitalist, but to spend a lot of money to support various social charities. Fortunately, Gates is deeply interested in China. Therefore, at the beginning of the 2th century, he specially suggested to the old Rockefeller that a comprehensive university should be built in China to promote the development of modern education in China.
Rockefeller attached great importance to this proposal, so he sent a delegation to China three times. In 199, the "Oriental Education Delegation" came to China. There are two doctors from the University of Chicago in the delegation. Through investigation, they saw the urgency of developing medical education in China, and suggested setting up an educational institution of natural science in Beijing. Rockefeller accepted this proposal, and further limited the scope, initially determined the investment scope in China as medicine.
in p>1913, the Rockefeller foundation was formally established. Subsequently, the Foundation specially discussed the issue of China and decided to invest in the development of medical education in China. In 1914, Rockefeller sent a second investigation team to focus on the current situation of medical education in China. The delegation visited dozens of cities and hospitals in China and wrote a report entitled "Medicine in China". This report is still a valuable historical material of medical education in China written by westerners. The report emphasizes the importance of building high-level medical education institutions in China, and sets many specific guidelines for future medical institutions.
This report sets the direction for the future Union Medical College Hospital in an important aspect, that is, Union Medical College Hospital will be an educational institution with high standards and high-level talents. The delegation believes that this is more effective. Another possible choice is to lower the standard appropriately, but increase the number of people trained, so as to meet the demand for doctors in China society as soon as possible. Of the two alternatives, the former was finally adopted. This decision was proved to be correct by later history, and it was this key decision that established the leading position of Union Medical College Hospital in China.
in p>1915, Rockefeller foundation purchased Peking Union Medical College, which was renamed as PUMC (Peking union medical college). At the same time, this year, the third delegation came to China. The mission of this delegation is to determine the specific methods of running a medical school.
This time, the delegation included some famous people in American medical field. They brought the highest level of medical school management methods in the world at that time, which set a high starting point for Union Medical College. These include: all teaching in English, the admission standard is in accordance with the standards of excellent medical schools in the United States, and preparatory courses are offered. Students will study basic subjects for two years first, providing teachers with world-class generous salaries and welfare guarantees. In a word, the founders of Concorde transplanted a set of American values, scientific and technological civilization and management model to China.
Having said that, it is necessary to talk about the medical education in the United States at that time. In fact, until the late 19th century, although the United States has become the world's number one economic power, but the level of medical education is still not satisfactory. At this time, the highest level of medical education in the world was in Germany. Humboldt, a German educator, advocated the freedom of teaching and learning and the unity of teaching, learning and research at the University of Berlin, which had a far-reaching influence on German universities. Under the promotion of this modern educational concept, German universities quickly caught up with and surpassed other European countries, and ranked among the top in the world in academic research and educational management. At the same time, American medical education was relatively backward. Germany has become a medical hall that young people all over the world yearn for. In this case, American medical scientists who are interested in reforming their own medical education began to learn from Germany's experience.
from p>187 to 1914, there were 15 million American doctors studying in Germany. These scholars moved the German experience back to the United States, and gradually established a medical school with the highest level in the world in the United States. In 1893, the famous Johns Hopkins Medical College was founded. This is a milestone in the history of modern medical education in the United States. Dean and other scholars who returned from studying in Germany brought advanced German medical education system. This hospital has become a model of American medical education. Dean Welch is even called "the president of American medicine". Until today, Johns Hopkins Medical College is the most important and advanced medical education institution in the United States.
When Rockefeller decided to establish Concord Medical College in China, he began to recruit first-class medical education talents in Europe and America. Of course, this includes talents from Johns Hopkins Medical College. Therefore, from the very beginning, Concord Medical College was based on the world's highest medical education and management system, which originated in Europe and improved in North America at that time, reflecting the results of the successful reform of medical education in the United States at that time. Coupled with the strong financial resources of the Rockefeller Foundation, Concorde's gold-lettered signboard was created in this way. Concord has actually become the gateway and way for the most advanced medical education system in the world to enter China.
In addition to the software construction such as school-running policy and management system, Concord has also invested heavily in hardware. After the establishment of Concord, it was decided to build a new office building in Yuwang Palace near Wangfujing, Beijing. To this end, the foundation invited world-class architects at that time. After on-the-spot investigation, on the basis of the gorgeous architecture of Yu Wangfu, the designer built the Concorde complex with excellent materials and perfect facilities. For this reason, the Rockefeller Foundation has spared no expense in purchasing land and bringing in building materials and various advanced medical equipment from abroad. By 1919, the funds spent had reached $7.5 million.
So, what was the attitude of the then China government towards the establishment of the Union Medical College Hospital? When it comes to this issue, we have to say that although China's national strength was insufficient at that time, it had its own tolerance as a big country in opening up, and it actively welcomed and supported the introduction of advanced civilizations in the world. This situation often becomes impossible later. In fact, the China government at that time basically did not interfere with the Rockefeller Foundation's investment in the establishment of Peking Union Medical College. Investors and builders have great freedom, and they can establish the school-running policy, management methods and other affairs completely independently, without making any compromises or sacrifices to cater to the tastes of government officials. It can be said that the cooperative attitude between China and foreign countries is very positive in the establishment of Union Medical College. The foreign investors aim to establish a world-class medical education institution. Although the investment is huge, they have not put forward any other additional political and economic conditions. The China government, on the other hand, basically does not interfere, does not take the opportunity to make political use and speculation, and lets investors do things. These seemingly invisible background factors may not be as eye-catching as large investments and high-rise buildings, but they are actually very important.
The history of the birth and growth of Concorde is legendary in China in the early 2th century. At that time, although China was far behind the present in many aspects, it successfully established Concord, a world-class academic education institution, with an open mind and comprehensive opening up and learning.