The cyclone separator mainly uses the action of inertial centrifugal force to settle particles to achieve separation.

A cyclone separator is a device used for the separation of gas-solid systems or liquid-solid systems. The working principle is to rely on the rotational motion caused by the tangential introduction of air flow, so that solid particles or liquid droplets with large inertial centrifugal force are thrown toward the outer wall and separated.

The main features of the cyclone separator are simple structure, high operating flexibility, high efficiency, convenient management and maintenance, and low price. It is used to capture dust with a diameter of 5 to 10 μm or more, and is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. .

It is especially suitable for coarse dust particles, large dust concentration, high temperature and high pressure conditions. It is also often used as an internal separation device in a fluidized bed reactor or as a pre-separator.

However, its separation efficiency of fine dust particles is low, and the fine powder separation efficiency can only reach 70% to 90%. In order to improve dust removal efficiency and reduce resistance, various forms of cyclone separators have appeared, such as spiral type, spiral type, bypass type, diffusion type, cyclone type and multi-tube type.

The movement of gas and solid particles in the cyclone separator is very complex. There are tangential, radial and axial velocities at any point in the cyclone separator, which vary with the radius of rotation. Appropriate air speed should be controlled in actual operation.

Experiments show that if the gas velocity is too small, the separation efficiency is not high. However, if the gas velocity is too high, eddy currents and back-mixing will easily occur, which will also reduce the separation efficiency.