Configuration of culture soil for cultivation method of white orchid
White orchids like loose, breathable and slightly acidic soil rich in humus.
Preparation method 1: Mix humus soil or peat soil with 5% river sand and 5% cake fertilizer powder at the same time.
Preparation method 2: coarse river sand, sandy loam and humus are prepared into cultivated soil according to the ratio of 1: 1: 1.
Method 3: perlite and a small amount of base fertilizer.
Shangpen
The time for planting pots is mostly after Tomb-Sweeping Day. Before planting, lay coarse sand or charcoal chips with a thickness of about 3-5cm on the bottom of the basin as a drainage layer, then fill it with a small amount of culture soil, then place the plants in the center of the basin, and compact them while filling the soil to ensure the close combination of roots and soil. After the basin is finished, pour enough water and put it in a warm and semi-shady place for about 15 days. It can be moved to the sunny place on the balcony and transferred to normal maintenance and management.
Light and temperature
White orchids like light, are not tolerant of shade, and need plenty of sunshine, but they should not be exposed to the hot sun. Therefore, we should pay attention to shading at noon in summer, spray water around the flowers to cool and moisturize, and pay attention to ventilation at the same time; If the white orchid is placed in the shade for a long time, the branches are long and the leaves are thin, the leaves are easy to fall off, the flowers are delicate and fragrant, and the growth is thin.
fertilize the soil or land
White orchids have a long flowering period, more flowering times and higher nutrient consumption, so it is necessary to add topdressing frequently and apply less fertilizer.
Light liquid fertilizer can be applied 6~7 times after leaving the house, and topdressing can be done once every other week.
In the vigorous growth period, that is, May-June or July-August, flower fertilizer can be applied once every half month, or a little NPK compound fertilizer can be applied every 20 days, and the dosage is about 2-6g each time. When applying fertilizer, don't sprinkle fertilizer directly on the roots of plants, which is easy to burn. You can cut several ditches in the basin, then sprinkle fertilizer into the ditches, cover the topsoil of the basin, and pour some water so that the fertilizer can slowly penetrate into the roots of plants with the water.
At the full flowering stage, liquid fertilizer mainly consisting of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied every 3-4 days. Fertilization should be carried out after the soil in the basin is dried in the sunny evening, and watered once the next day to facilitate root absorption and avoid root burning.
Fertilization can be stopped in September.
water
Proper watering is the key to maintaining white orchids. White orchids like humid environment and are not tolerant of drought. However, it is a fleshy root. If the drainage in the basin is not good, the accumulated water will inevitably cause root rot. So you can't water it too often or too much. The principle of watering Prynne is that the number of times should be less than the number of times, and each watering should be thoroughly watered.
Water it once a day in spring and autumn. Water should be appropriate according to the size of the basin. Watering should ensure that the roots can absorb water, but it will not cause water accumulation.
Once in the morning and once in the evening in summer. If it is too dry, spray foliar water. Generally, you should water the leaves as long as you see them drooping. If the soil temperature is high at noon and there is a shower, the water temperature in the basin will rise, which is extremely unfavorable to the roots, so it should be watered immediately to cool down.
Potted greenhouse in winter should be watered after the surface of soil is dry, and then thoroughly watered. If you find that the branches are dry and yellow, it may be caused by damage to the roots. Control the water and loosen the soil immediately. If you find that the leaves suddenly wither, it may be caused by the dry soil in the basin. Water them in time and recover in the shade.
In rainy days, it is necessary to prevent water from accumulating in the basin and dump it at any time.
It is best to use rainwater or pond water for irrigation. If tap water is used, it should be put in a basin for about 2 hours before watering. Don't use stagnant water for a long time, and don't water the flowers with alkaline water with many impurities.
The water temperature of watering flowers is slightly lower than the soil temperature in summer and higher in winter.
decrease
Before entering the house in autumn, it needs pruning. Usually, all the old leaves at the top of the branches are removed, leaving only the tender leaves, and the dead branches and insect branches are cut off, which can inhibit the growth of plants and promote the flowering of pregnant buds.
Potted white orchids should be trimmed properly to ensure their proper height. You can use a pruning knife to cut off the terminal buds or shorten some side branches. The terminal bud is beneficial to the growth of lateral branches and makes the crown plump and beautiful.
If the flowers wither without leaving any seeds, cut the fruit in time to avoid consuming nutrition; And cut off the old leaves so that the new branches can produce more flowers.
Note that the germination ability of white orchids is poor, and the vegetative branches are generally not trimmed.
Flower and fruit period management
The white orchid blooms 5438+00 from May to June. During the flowering period, the white orchids should be carefully maintained, so that the plants will flourish and bloom continuously. Otherwise, the branches will wither or even the whole plant will die.
Attention should be paid to shading during flowering, and it should not be exposed to strong light, and astigmatism is appropriate; Flowering flowers need a lot of water, so they should be watered frequently to keep the soil moist. You can water it once every morning and evening. In hot weather, you can spray water on or around the leaves in the afternoon to increase humidity. White orchids are acidic flowers and are afraid of alkali. Therefore, water is preferably acidic, such as rainwater or water containing ferrous sulfate. During the growth period of white orchids, attention should be paid to the amount of fat, and the fat should be sufficient.
Change the pot
According to the crown size and tree age, change pots properly to ensure the growth in pots with suitable space and fertile soil, which is beneficial to the vigorous growth of plants.
Generally, white orchids need to change pots every two years, and every time they change pots, they need to change a bigger pot. The time for changing pots is mostly in spring.
When the soil in the old pot is slightly dry, slowly tilt the flowerpot, hold the flowerpot with one hand and the plant firmly with the other, pour out the whole plant together with the pot soil, knock off part of the original soil, stretch out the roots, and cut off the dead roots and rotten roots.
Spread a small amount of loose soil on the bottom of the new basin, or spread a layer of broken tiles as a drainage layer. Then spread a layer of cultivation soil, put the plants in a new pot, fill in the cultivation soil, compact it, finally water it once, and put it in a slightly shady place for a few days before entering normal management.
Matters needing attention in the cultivation of white orchid 1. Fertile, loose and well-drained culture soil is needed. It can be prepared with 5 parts of pine needle humus soil, 2 parts of coarse bran ash, 2 parts of coarse sand and cooked manure 1 part, and it is forbidden to use fine sand or cohesive soil with poor air permeability. Use well-ventilated earthenware pots (plain fire pots) on the pot, and avoid using glazed pots, porcelain pots and purple sand pots. It is best to use a deep cylindrical flowerpot, buckle the empty flowerpot under the pot, and use bricks to overhead to prevent poor drainage; The bottom of the basin is covered with about 5 cm of slag and gravel.
Second, the moisture should be appropriate. White orchids are fleshy roots. If the pot soil is too wet, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off, and even the roots will rot. If it is too dry, it will wither and curl the leaves. It is a flower that is afraid of both waterlogging and drought. When flowering, the petals are over-stretched, indicating that the water is insufficient, and when the water is suitable, it is bud-shaped; When the soil surface is dry and the soil is hard and cracked, it should be watered immediately. When watering, the water temperature and soil temperature must be consistent, and cold water or hot water cannot be poured suddenly. Water must be poured thoroughly, often pouring half will cause shallow roots. White orchids should not be watered too much in spring and autumn. They should be watered every day in midsummer and at night. Water should be reduced in late autumn and watered once every 10 day in winter. During the rainy season, it should be moved to a shelter.
Third, fear of alkali. White orchids like acidic soil, and the requirement for soil pH value is 5.5-6.3. In the northern region, it is difficult to raise white orchids, because the soil and water there are mostly alkaline, which makes the protoplasm of white orchids dissolve, resulting in slow growth and poor growth. Often watered with fermented rice washing water, the effect is better.
Fourth, I'm afraid of being fat. White orchids like phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, but it is necessary to avoid too high a concentration, otherwise it will produce reverse osmosis and cause "physiological drought" of plants, ranging from wilting to burning. The fertilization principle of white orchid is: "apply less, apply frequently and apply late". Practice has proved that dilute human excrement and bean cake water are mixed with mashed fish offal, rotten shrimp and chicken offal. After cooking, apply it every 3-5 days according to the ratio of fertilizer to water of 1:9, and add calcium sulfate when applying, which has good effect and can make orchids fragrant.
Planting method of white orchid 1. Soil: White orchids like acidic soil, and the requirement for soil pH value is 5.5-6.3. It is best to use fertile, loose and well-drained culture soil. It can be prepared with 5 parts of pine needle humus soil, 2 parts of coarse bran ash, 2 parts of coarse sand and cooked manure 1 part, and it is forbidden to use fine sand or cohesive soil with poor air permeability.
2. Sunshine: Magnolia is a sunny flower and needs plenty of sunshine. During its growth period, it should be maintained on the sunny ground with long sunshine time and strong sunlight, especially in flowering period. The daily light shall not be less than 6 hours. If it is maintained in a cool place, only long leaves will not bloom, or there will be few flowers, slender branches, light leaves, thin leaves and dark leaves, which is not good for growth. However, direct sunlight should be avoided in summer, and shade should be given from 9 am to 4 pm. At the same time, water should be sprayed on the leaves and the ground to increase the air humidity.
3, temperature: white orchids like cold and warm, we should pay special attention to protection, so that it can safely overwinter. Generally, we should move indoors at the end of 5438+ 10 and put it in a sunny place. The room temperature should be kept around 10℃ and should not be lower than 5℃.
4, watering: white orchids are fleshy roots, the pot soil is too wet, the leaves will wither and fall off, and even the roots will die. If they are too dry, they will dry up and roll up the leaves. They are flowers that are afraid of both waterlogging and drought. When flowering, the petals are over-stretched, indicating that the water is insufficient, and when the water is suitable, it is bud-shaped; When the soil surface is dry and the soil is hard and cracked, it should be watered immediately. When watering, the water temperature and soil temperature must be consistent, and cold water or hot water cannot be poured suddenly. Generally, water 1 time every day in spring and autumn. In summer, the weather is hot, the evaporation is large, and the growth is vigorous. The watering frequency and weight can be appropriately increased. When you are indoors in winter, you should control the water.
5. Fertilization: White orchids have a long flowering period and like fertilizer. If there is not enough fertilizer, they will bloom less. Improper fertilization will lead to excessive branches and leaves and poor flowering. 2. Before the new buds germinate in March, apply decomposed cake fertilizer as base fertilizer. At flowering stage, dilute human excrement or urine, or 9 portions of bean cake, tea seed cake and fish bone fermented liquid fertilizer are mixed with water, and applied every 3-4 days 1 time. Stop fertilizing half a month before entering the room for wintering.
6. Pruning: During the growth of white orchids, plants should be pruned, diseased dead branches and overgrown branches should be cut off, and some lower leaves should be removed to inhibit the growth of plants and promote the flowering of pregnant buds.