1. Fertilize the young trees. On the principle of diligent application and thin application. Human and animal manure should be applied 40 days after planting, once every 15 days, and a small amount of chemical fertilizer can be added. Soil miscellaneous fertilizer and calcium superphosphate can be applied to holes around the winter solstice.
2. Fertilize the fruit trees. Results can be obtained after implantation 1 year or more. ① Fertilizer for promoting germination, strengthening buds and forcing flowers: apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer in April-May, combine organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, and prepare according to the ratio of calcium superphosphate, bran fertilizer and human excrement and urine of 2: 3: 100, and apply 25-30 kg per plant. ② Fruit-preserving fertilizer: when the thumb is big in June and July, it is made of calcium superphosphate, bran fertilizer and human excrement and urine according to the ratio of 1: 2: 100 retting, and each plant is applied with 25-30p kg. ③ Strengthening fruit and promoting flower fertilizer: When the fruit is fully shaped in August, another batch of flowers can be applied 1 time, with the same amount of fruit fertilizer. ④ Ripening fertilizer: In order to make the fruit mature early and improve the quality, apply 1 times quick-acting urea, 50g per plant, and water it properly before the fruit ripens. ⑤ Winter fertilizer: heavy fertilizer was applied from June to February in 5438, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for more than 25% of the annual fertilizer.
3. Drainage. Too wet or too dry will cause flowers and fruits to fall off. Irrigation is needed in dry season and drainage is needed in rainy season.
Second, crown management
1, plastic trimming. The main task of shaping young carambola trees is to cultivate 3-5 evenly distributed main branches and create a round umbrella crown with evenly distributed side branches and firm structure. Carambola blooms four times a year, and the pruning period and method directly affect the flowering and fruiting. The first pruning 1 time is about March every year, and the fruit is harvested and fertilized 10- 15 days later. The second time was around June. The third time was about 20 days before the cold dew. Generally, it is not advisable to delete branches in the crown, but to keep branches about 2 cm as fruiting branches.
2. Achene. When there are too many fruits, in order to promote the fat and beautiful appearance of the fruits and improve the economic value, the fruits should be properly thinned, aiming at deformed fruits, young fruits and pests and diseases. Each fruit should be made 1-2 times, and the diameter of 1 time is about 3 cm, and the second time is bagged.
3, windproof. Because the branches are thin and drooping, the fruits are huge and numerous, and they are vulnerable to wind damage. In typhoon season, bamboo and wood are used to support the branches around the tree crown.
Third, pest control.
The main pests and diseases are: anthracnose, red spot, bird feather moth, leaf roller, rubber scale insect and so on. It must be prevented in time. Anthracnose can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800- 1000 times solution from flowers to young fruits. Erythema can be sprayed with 0.5% Bordeaux solution or 70% thiophanate methyl 800- 1000 times at the initial stage of the disease, once every 7- 10 day. Bird feather moth can spray 90% trichlorfon 800- 1000 times before flowering or in full bloom. Continuous spraying of trichlorfon and kung fu in young fruit stage of leaf roller.